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<item xml:lang="en">
		<title>Press review April 2026</title>
		<link>https://migreurop.org/article3589.html</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://migreurop.org/article3589.html</guid>
		<dc:date>2026-05-11T09:26:18Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>en</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Camille</dc:creator>


		<dc:subject>Afghanistan</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Tunisia</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Belgium</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Algeria</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Greece</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Italy</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Albania</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Pays-Bas</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Pologne</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Royaume-Uni</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>France</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Union Europ&#233;enne</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Asile</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Detention</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Externalisation</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Frontex</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Militarisation of borders</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Pays s&#251;rs</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Migration policies </dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Racisme</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>r&#232;glement retour</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Forced returns</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Revolts and mobilisations</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Monitoring and control </dc:subject>

		<description>
&lt;p&gt;Tunisia Business News, Taking the streets to break the silence: citizen mobilisation against racism in Tunis, 11 April 2026 &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Following a citizens' petition launched on 7 April and shared on social media, a solidarity march against racism took place in Tunis on Saturday 11 April. Slogans were chanted to denounce racist online discourse, discriminatory remarks by certain Tunisian MPs, and the crackdown on migrants and human rights defenders in Tunisia. &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Racism against migrants from (&#8230;)&lt;/p&gt;


-
&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/rubrique461.html" rel="directory"&gt;Press review&lt;/a&gt;

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&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot189.html" rel="tag"&gt;Afghanistan&lt;/a&gt;, 
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&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot214.html" rel="tag"&gt;Pays s&#251;rs&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot194.html" rel="tag"&gt;Migration policies &lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot206.html" rel="tag"&gt;Racisme&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot227.html" rel="tag"&gt;r&#232;glement retour&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot176.html" rel="tag"&gt;Forced returns&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot175.html" rel="tag"&gt;Revolts and mobilisations&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot195.html" rel="tag"&gt;Monitoring and control &lt;/a&gt;

		</description>


 <content:encoded>&lt;img src='https://migreurop.org/local/cache-vignettes/L150xH150/16-2-c6781.png?1778491587' class='spip_logo spip_logo_right' width='150' height='150' alt=&#034;&#034; /&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;div class=&#034;cs_sommaire cs_sommaire_avec_fond&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire&#034;&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;cs_sommaire_inner&#034;&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;cs_sommaire_titre_avec_fond&#034;&gt; Sommaire &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;cs_sommaire_corps&#034;&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Tunisia&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=47&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_0'&gt;Tunisia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
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&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;United Kingdom/France&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=47&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_9'&gt;United Kingdom/France&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Negotiations between the EU and the Taliban&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=47&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_10'&gt;Negotiations between the (&#8230;)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_0&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=47&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tunisia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;Business News, &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='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'&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;, 11 April 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Following a &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly90dW5pc2lhbnNvbGlkYXJpdHkub3JnL2VuL3JhY2lzbWUvI2h0dHBzOi8vdHVuaXNpYW5zb2xpZGFyaXR5Lm9yZy9lbi9yYWNpc21lLyMiIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX291dCIgcmVsPSJleHRlcm5hbCI+Y2l0aXplbnPigJkgcGV0aXRpb248L2E+'&gt;&lt;/span&gt; launched on 7 April and shared on social media, a solidarity march against racism took place in Tunis on Saturday 11 April. Slogans were chanted to denounce racist online discourse, discriminatory remarks by certain Tunisian MPs, and the crackdown on migrants and human rights defenders in Tunisia.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Racism against migrants from sub-Saharan Africa and Black Tunisians is intensifying in the country. Disinformation and hate campaigns orchestrated by Ka&#239;s Sa&#239;ed's government, arbitrary arrests and prosecutions based on false accusations against anti-racist activists&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb1&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See Migreurop, , 8 April 2026&#034; id=&#034;nh1&#034;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;, as well as growing pressure on civil society organisations showing solidarity, are shaping the reality in Tunisia today. This situation is partly a result of the role of &#8216;border guard' that Tunisia has assumed on behalf of Italy and the European Union, particularly since 2023, under the &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly9lYy5ldXJvcGEuZXUvY29tbWlzc2lvbi9wcmVzc2Nvcm5lci9kZXRhaWwvcHQvaXBfMjNfMzg4NyNodHRwczovL2VjLmV1cm9wYS5ldS9jb21taXNzaW9uL3ByZXNzY29ybmVyL2RldGFpbC9wdC9pcF8yM18zODg3IiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9vdXQiIHJlbD0iZXh0ZXJuYWwiPkVVLVR1bmlzaWEgTWVtb3JhbmR1bSBvZiBVbmRlcnN0YW5kaW5nPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, which is strongly supported by the Italian government and aims to deter and hinder departures to Europe.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Despite this widespread repression, citizen mobilisation demonstrates that civil society is not wavering andcontinues to resist and mobilise in defence of human rights, the violations of which place responsibility on the EU and its externalisation policies.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_1&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=47&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Judgement of the Permanent Peoples' Tribunal&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;Lebrief.ma, &lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='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'&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;rights&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#8221;, 6 April 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;On 31 March in Rabat, the jury of the56thsession of the Permanent Peoples' Tribunal (PPT) delivered its &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly9wZXJtYW5lbnRwZW9wbGVzdHJpYnVuYWwub3JnL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI1LzExL1RQUF9NaWdyYXppb25lX01hZ2hyZWJfU2VudGVuemFfRlJfMzAtbWFyem8tMjAyNi5wZGYjaHR0cHM6Ly9wZXJtYW5lbnRwZW9wbGVzdHJpYnVuYWwub3JnL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI1LzExL1RQUF9NaWdyYXppb25lX01hZ2hyZWJfU2VudGVuemFfRlJfMzAtbWFyem8tMjAyNi5wZGYiIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX291dCIgcmVsPSJleHRlcm5hbCI+ZmluYWwganVkZ2VtZW50PC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;. Following an indictment drafted by a coalition of civil society organisations, the PPT found the Maghreb states, the EU and several of its member states guilty of systematic and systemic violations of international law (failure to provide assistance to persons in danger, arbitrary detention, torture, refoulement, racial discrimination and human rights violations). During the hearings held in October 2025 in Palermo (Italy), evidence was presented regarding the existence in Libya of a system of refoulement, detention, trafficking and exploitation; refoulement, abandonment in the desert and racist violence in Tunisia; a continuum of violence ranging from arbitrary detention in Libya to the criminalisationof migrants and their supporters in Europe; relentless attacks on civilian sea rescue operations... The EU and its Member States have been deemed complicit in these human rights violations for having financed and encouraged these crimes, notably through their border externalisation policies.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Beyond the states' violations of international law, the TPP also mentions the possible classification of these acts as crimes against humanity, insofar as the documented facts result from deliberate choices made by individuals and acts carried out in full awareness.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;This judgement, which has no legally binding force, nevertheless represents a symbolic step forward in securing recognition, by a citizens' court, of the crimes committed against migrants. It is a first step towards mobilising public opinion and breaking down the barriers of silence, hatred and marginalisation surrounding migration issues&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See Migreurop, humanity&#8221;, 7 April 2026.&#034; id=&#034;nh2&#034;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; .&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_2&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=47&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Belgium&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;RTL info, &lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='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'&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#8221;, 3 April 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The Belgian government has approved, at second reading, the draft bill authorising &#8220;home visits&#8221; (2025), which would allow the police, with a judge's authorisation, to carry out searches at the home of a person without a residence permit who is deemed to pose &#8220;a threat to public order or national security&#8221;, with the aim of arresting and deporting them.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The proposal raises serious concerns regarding fundamental rights, such as the right to respect for private and family life (Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights), as well as the principle of the inviolability of the home (Article 15 of the Belgian Constitution). These rights are threatened by the undefined concept of &#8216;danger to public order', which opens the door to arbitrariness. Furthermore, no legal remedy is provided for challengingthe legality of the &#8216;visit', which violates the right to an effective remedy&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See on this subject Myria, safeguards&#8221;, 30 July 2025 and Cir&#233;, &#8221;, 27 (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh3&#034;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; . Several civil society organisations and public institutions denounced the draft law as soon as it was tabled last year, considering it to be inconsistent with the criteria of necessity and proportionality&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Ibid.&#034; id=&#034;nh4&#034;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; . If approved by Parliament, it would constitute a further step in the construction of a surveillance regime for migrants that European governments are attempting to establish in Europe&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb5&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See on this subject Migreurop, 2026&#8221;, 10 March 2026, on the &#8220;return&#8221; regulation&#034; id=&#034;nh5&#034;&gt;5&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; .&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_3&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=47&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Belgium/Algeria&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;InfoMigrants, &lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='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'&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt; migrants&#8221;, 2 April 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Belgium and Algeria have concluded an agreement on the deportation of Algerian nationals. The agreement, which still requires approval by the Belgian Parliament, stipulates that Algeria undertakes to identify its nationals subject to a deportation order within 15 days, as well as to accept the possibility of organising their group deportation on dedicated flights, with the participation of Algerian escorts. However, the legality of group deportations of people of the same nationality is questionable in light of human rights legislation (the European Convention on Human Rights, the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union) which prohibits collective deportations. In return, Belgium grants visa-free access to its territory to holders of Algerian diplomatic passports.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;This is yet another example of agreements - whether formal or informal - concluded with the aim of speeding up the deportation of foreign nationals from Europe in exchange for financial, commercial or political benefits. It amounts to a diplomacy of deportation, in defiance of fundamental rights.Many voices are therefore speaking out to denounce a systematic violation of rights in Algeria: the shrinking of civil society space , severe repression of freedom of expression, infringements on the right to peaceful assembly and association, andallegations of torture and other ill-treatment are some examples of this&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb6&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See in particular Amnesty International, World&#8221;, April 2025, pages 91&#8211;94&#034; id=&#034;nh6&#034;&gt;6&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; . Furthermore, severe penalties are provided for in cases of &#8216;illegal' departure from or assistance with departure from Algerian territory, carrying a sentence of up to five years' imprisonment&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb7&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Ibid&#034; id=&#034;nh7&#034;&gt;7&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; , which is contrary to international law (Art. 12(2) of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights: &#8216;Everyone shall be free to leave any country, including his own').&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_4&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=47&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Greece&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;BBC, &lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYmJjLmNvbS9uZXdzL2FydGljbGVzL2M4NnZwcTQyZGwwbyNodHRwczovL3d3dy5iYmMuY29tL25ld3MvYXJ0aWNsZXMvYzg2dnBxNDJkbDBvIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9vdXQiIGhyZWZsYW5nPSJlbiIgcmVsPSJleHRlcm5hbCI+e+KAnEdyZWVrIHBvbGljZSB1c2luZyBtYXNrZWQgbWlncmFudHMgdG8gZm9yY2libHkgcHVzaCBvdGhlciBtaWdyYW50cyBiYWNrIGFjcm9zc308L2E+'&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt; border&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#8221;, 14 April 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;New evidence has been gathered regarding the recruitment, by the Greek authorities, of migrants to push other migrants back at the border with Turkey (Evros River region). In return, they are reportedly given money, as well as administrative documents allowing them to remain in Greece for 25 days.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;This practice is not new and has been documented by several organisations and investigations since at least 2020&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb8&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See on this subject Lighthouse Reports, &#8220; slaves&#8221;, 28 June 2022; or Human (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh8&#034;&gt;8&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; . The recruitment of migrants as &#8220;mercenaries&#8221; is reportedly carried out under duress, after they have crossed the border between Turkey and Greece. Wearing masks, these individuals are reportedly tasked with carrying out pushbacks and committing other acts of violence, such as forced stripping, beatings and theft of personal belongings. In exchange for documents allowing them to remain in European territory for a time. A form of exploitation of migrantsfor the &#8216;control' of borders, onto whom the Greek and European authorities are attempting to shift responsibility for violent practices that violate human rights. In a familiar exercise in denial, both Greece and Frontex claim to have no knowledge of these events.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_5&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=47&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Italy&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;Il Post, &lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='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'&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt; days&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#8221;, 23 April 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;Il Post&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;, &lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuaWxwb3N0Lml0LzIwMjYvMDQvMjQvZ292ZXJuby1kZWNyZXRvLXNpY3VyZXp6YS1tb2RpZmljYS1pbmNlbnRpdmktcmltcGF0cmkvI2h0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmlscG9zdC5pdC8yMDI2LzA0LzI0L2dvdmVybm8tZGVjcmV0by1zaWN1cmV6emEtbW9kaWZpY2EtaW5jZW50aXZpLXJpbXBhdHJpLyIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfb3V0IiByZWw9ImV4dGVybmFsIj574oCcVGhlIGdvdmVybm1lbnQgaGFzIHBhdGNoZWQgdXAgdGhlIHJ1bGUgb24gdm9sdW50YXJ5fTwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt; repatriation&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#8221;, 24 April 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;On 24 April, the Italian government approved a bill aimed at amending a migration-related measure contained in the &#8220;security decree&#8221;, which was adopted by Parliament on the same day. The measure provided for the payment of a &#8364;615 bonus to lawyers handling so-called &#8220;voluntary&#8221; return procedures in the event that the return was successful, but it had been blocked by the President of the Republic on grounds of unconstitutionality. Under this hastily introduced amendment, the bonus will now be paid to lawyers and other parties involved in the implementation of &#8220;voluntary returns&#8221;, regardless of the outcome. The bill still needs to be approved by the Italian Parliament.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;A second measure, which came into force as part of the adopted &#8220;security decree&#8221;, removes the automatic provision of legal aid for migrants challenging deportation proceedings. They will now have to prove that they meet the means-testing criteria by providing documents (notably a consular certificate) that are often very difficult to obtain within the time limits set by law.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In the name of an &#8216;urgency' to deport people more quickly and efficiently, Italy is undermining its obligations to guarantee rights by attempting to undermine the independence and autonomy of lawyers, and by introducing administrative constraints that make access to legal aid virtually impossible for certain migrant individuals. Although the initial version of the first measure was not adopted, recent developments point to a growing and serious threat to migrants' right to a defence, which should nevertheless be &#8220;full, free and effectively accessible&#8221;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb9&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See in particular the press release from the National Association of Italian (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh9&#034;&gt;9&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; .&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_6&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=47&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Italy/Albania&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;Politico, &lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cucG9saXRpY28uZXUvYXJ0aWNsZS9pdGFseS1taWdyYW50LWRldGVudGlvbi1odWJzLWFsYmFuaWEtbm90LWFnYWluc3QtZXUtbGF3LXNheXMtdG9wLWV1LWNvdXJ0LWFkdmlzZXIvI2h0dHBzOi8vd3d3LnBvbGl0aWNvLmV1L2FydGljbGUvaXRhbHktbWlncmFudC1kZXRlbnRpb24taHVicy1hbGJhbmlhLW5vdC1hZ2FpbnN0LWV1LWxhdy1zYXlzLXRvcC1ldS1jb3VydC1hZHZpc2VyLyIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfb3V0IiByZWw9ImV4dGVybmFsIj574oCcSXRhbHnigJlzIG1pZ3JhbnQgZGV0ZW50aW9uIGh1YnMgaW4gQWxiYW5pYSBub3QgYWdhaW5zdCBFVSBsYXcsIHNheXMgdG9wIEVVIGNvdXJ0IGFkdmlzZXLigJ19PC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;, 23 April 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;An Advocate General at the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) has ruled that the Italy-Albania Memorandum of Understanding (2023)&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb10&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;For further information, see the Migreurop press release, Law&#8221;, 13 February (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh10&#034;&gt;10&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; is, in principle, in line with European law. The agreement would not prevent Member States from setting up detention camps outside their territory for the purposes of expulsion procedures and/or the processing of asylum applications, provided that the third country concerned complies with EU law and respects the rights of migrants.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;This is a non-binding opinion, yet it contributes to the political legitimisation of the latest iteration of the European externalisation policy, initiated by Italy, and which has inspired new European regulations (see the 2026 &#8216;Return' Regulation).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In this regard, the Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights noted in 2023 that &#8220;the possibility of lodging an asylum application and having it examined on the territory of Member States remains an indispensable component of a reliable system that respects human rights&#8221;, adding that &#8220;the Memorandum of Understanding creates an ad hoc extraterritorial asylum regime, characterised by numerous legal ambiguities&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb11&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See the statement by the Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights, (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh11&#034;&gt;11&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; . We must now await the final decision of the CJEU.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_7&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=47&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Netherlands&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;DutchNews&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;, &lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZHV0Y2huZXdzLm5sLzIwMjYvMDQvc2VuYXRlLXJlamVjdHMtbGF3LXRvLWNyaW1pbmFsaXNlLWxpdmluZy1pbi1ubC13aXRob3V0LXBhcGVycy8jaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZHV0Y2huZXdzLm5sLzIwMjYvMDQvc2VuYXRlLXJlamVjdHMtbGF3LXRvLWNyaW1pbmFsaXNlLWxpdmluZy1pbi1ubC13aXRob3V0LXBhcGVycy8iIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX291dCIgcmVsPSJleHRlcm5hbCI+e+KAnFNlbmF0ZSByZWplY3RzIGJpbGwgdG8gfXtjcmltaW5hbGlzZX17IGxpdmluZyBpbiB0aGUgTmV0aGVybGFuZHMgd2l0aG91dH08L2E+'&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt; papers&#8221;, 21 April 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;InfoMigrants, &lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuaW5mb21pZ3JhbnRzLm5ldC9mci9wb3N0LzYxODgxL2xlcy1wYXlzYmFzLWFkb3B0ZW50LWxlLWRvdWJsZS1zdGF0dXQtcG91ci1sZXMtZGVtYW5kZXVycy1kYXNpbGUjaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuaW5mb21pZ3JhbnRzLm5ldC9mci9wb3N0LzYxODgxL2xlcy1wYXlzYmFzLWFkb3B0ZW50LWxlLWRvdWJsZS1zdGF0dXQtcG91ci1sZXMtZGVtYW5kZXVycy1kYXNpbGUiIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX291dCIgcmVsPSJleHRlcm5hbCI+e+KAnFRoZSBOZXRoZXJsYW5kcyBhZG9wdHMgZHVhbCBzdGF0dXMgZm9yIGFzeWx1bX08L2E+'&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt; seekers&#8221;, 23 April 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;On 21 April, the Senate rejected a bill aimed at criminalising so-called &#8216;irregular' residence, which would have led to an increased risk of social exclusion for migrants, as well as exposing those providing humanitarian aid &#8211; particularly by supplying food, shelter or any other form of support &#8211; to legal risks.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;This rejection follows a widespread mobilisation of Dutch civil society. Around 120 organisations joined the &lt;i&gt;&#8220;Stop de &lt;/i&gt;asielwetten&#8221; (Stop the asylum laws) campaign, highlighting the potential negative effects of the law on effective access to fundamental rights such as education, healthcare and legal aid, which must be guaranteed regardless of a person's administrative status. Municipalities, including Amsterdam, also voiced their opposition, demonstrating that the local level can act as a counterweight to the state.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;However, this victory was described as &#8220;bittersweet&#8221; by the campaign coalition&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb12&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See in particular Stop de Asielwetten, &#8220;&#8221;, 21 April 2026&#034; id=&#034;nh12&#034;&gt;12&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; , as the Senate approved a &#8220;dual status&#8221; system for migrant asylum seekers, which will grant different rights to those fleeing individual persecution &#8211; who would benefit from so-called &#8220;full&#8221; protection as refugees &#8211; and those fleeing wars or natural disasters, who would have limited rights, particularly regarding family reunification. This distinction already exists in many European countries (refugee status and subsidiary protection). Its introduction in the Netherlands, where until now the rights of both categories of asylum seekers were the same, is raising concerns within civil society regarding respect for human dignity. The coalition therefore says it is ready to continue its fight against the Dutch government's repressive migration policies. A struggle that appears increasingly urgent in the current European context, dominated by racist ideologies and legislation that infringes upon the rights of migrants.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_8&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=47&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Poland&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;InfoMigrants, &lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='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'&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#8221;, 10 April 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The Polish government recently reported a sharp decline in attempts to cross the border between Poland and Belarus over the past four years, which it attributes to the increased militarisation of the border and the temporary suspension of the registration of asylum applications. Organisations assisting refugees warn that, in reality, these policies have merely forced refugees to cross the border via underground tunnels under extremely dangerous conditions.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Poland &#8211; like other European countries, citing a rise in asylum applications and arrivals on their territory &#8211; has decided to suspend the registration of asylum applications at its borders in 2024. This breach of its international obligations was carried out with the EU's approval, which allows for the restriction of asylum applications under so-called &#8216;exceptional' circumstances, particularly for Member States facing a &#8216;crisis situation', a &#8216;mass influx' or the &#8216;exploitation of migration flows'. Since 2021, Warsaw has accused Minsk of coordinating with Moscow to facilitate the arrival of migrants in order to &#8220;destabilise&#8221; the EU's territory&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb13&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;The suspension of the right to asylum was subsequently extended four times (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh13&#034;&gt;13&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; .&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Among the consequences of this suspension are the 14,754 illegal pushbacks to Belarus carried out by the Polish authorities between January and December 2025, which violated the rights of those affected and exposed them to inhuman and degrading conditions&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb14&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See in particular the joint report pushbacks&#8221;,February 2026, pages 11&#8211;13.&#034; id=&#034;nh14&#034;&gt;14&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; . However, the increase in border crossings via tunnels and other alternative routes demonstrates once again that repressive and security-focused migration policies do not put an end to migration flows: they make the journeys more dangerous and longer, and force migrants to turn to facilitators who have become necessary in the context of closed borders&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb15&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;According to the report by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh15&#034;&gt;15&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; .&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_9&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=47&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;United Kingdom/France&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;Le Monde, &lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='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'&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#8221;, 23 April 2025&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;France and the United Kingdom have reached an agreement to extend the cooperation agreement aimed at preventing so-called &#8220;irregular&#8221; crossings of the English Channel (&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ2lzdGkub3JnL0lNRy9wZGYvYWNjb3JkX2ZyYW5jZS1yb3lhdW1ldW5pXzIwMTgucGRmI2h0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lmdpc3RpLm9yZy9JTUcvcGRmL2FjY29yZF9mcmFuY2Utcm95YXVtZXVuaV8yMDE4LnBkZiIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfb3V0IiByZWw9ImV4dGVybmFsIj5TYW5kaHVyc3QgVHJlYXR5PC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, 2018)&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb16&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;The Sandhurst Treaty provides that the United Kingdom shall fund part of the (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh16&#034;&gt;16&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; . The United Kingdom will provide funding of up to &#8364;766 million over three years, including a &#8220;flexible component&#8221; (&#8364;186 million), conditional on the effectiveness of measures taken to &#8220;prevent attempted crossings&#8221;. This decision comes after months of tension, during which the UK had insisted that France increase at-sea interceptions of &lt;i&gt;&#8220;small &lt;/i&gt;boats&#8221; (small vessels used for Channel crossings), failing which it would not have renewed its funding&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb17&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See on this subject InfoMigrants, months&#8221;, 1 April 2026&#034; id=&#034;nh17&#034;&gt;17&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;France had initially opposed this, with the Secretary of State for the Sea, Xavier Ducept, emphasising that the interception practices demanded by the UK risked violating international law and &#8220;endangering the lives of migrants and French officers&#8221;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb18&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Ibid.&#034; id=&#034;nh18&#034;&gt;18&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; . Indeed, interceptions by French law enforcement agencies to return migrantsto the French coast (&lt;i&gt;pullback&lt;/i&gt;) &#8211; on behalf of the United Kingdom &#8211; constitute a form of refoulement, a practice contrary to international law and an infringement of the right to asylum.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;However, numerous violent &lt;i&gt;pushbacks &lt;/i&gt;have already been documented in connection with the UK-funded French &#8216;surveillance' operations in the English Channel&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb19&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See The Guardian, tactics&#8221;, 23 March 2026&#034; id=&#034;nh19&#034;&gt;19&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; . Furthermore, police operations carried out against migrants on the French coast, with the aim of preventing departures to the UK (violent dismantling of camps, use of tear gas, seizure of personal belongings, physical assaults), constantly endanger the safety, rights and lives of migrants&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb20&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See the report by the Human Rights Network, border&#8221;, December 2025&#034; id=&#034;nh20&#034;&gt;20&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; . France is therefore setting aside its &#8216;concerns' regarding the lives of migrants and respect for the law in favour of a deadly cooperation&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb21&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See InfoMigrants, researchers&#8221;, 31 March 2026&#034; id=&#034;nh21&#034;&gt;21&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; that has gone from strength to strength over the last twenty years (the Le Touquet agreements, the &#8216;One In, One Out' agreement).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_10&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=47&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Negotiations between the EU and the Taliban&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;Euractiv&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;, &lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='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'&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, 21 April 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The European Union is preparing to host a Taliban delegation to continue discussions on the deportation of Afghan nationals from European territory (January 2026)&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb22&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See on this subject Euractiv, underway&#8221;, 20 October 2025&#034; id=&#034;nh22&#034;&gt;22&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; , particularly regarding the cooperation of the Afghan authorities in the process of identification and the issuance of travel documents.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;These talks take place against a backdrop of growing pressure from Member State governments to establish a European mechanism to coordinate the deportation of Afghans without the right to reside or who have been convicted by the courts. In October 2025, 20 Member States, at Belgium's initiative, had asked the European Commission to establish this mechanism, and in February 2026 Germany became the first European country, since the Taliban took power (2021), to carry out a direct deportation to Afghanistan&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb23&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See also InfoMigrants, &#8221;, 27 February 2026&#034; id=&#034;nh23&#034;&gt;23&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; .&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Whilst the EU had hitherto hidden behind the fiction of &#8216;safe countries of origin or third countries' to carry out deportations of migrants, it is now taking a further step with the proposed &#8216;return' regulation, which provides for deportations to any third country that has concluded a formal or informal agreement with a Member State or with the Union. However, the compromise text adopted by the European Parliament on 26 March 2026 further stipulates that&#8220;any communication [&lt;i&gt;with third countries for the purposes of readmission&lt;/i&gt;] shall in no way prejudice the Union's position on the status of the territories or entities concerned and shall not be considered as recognition, support or validation of their authority or legitimacy &#8221; (Art. 37). Presented under a supposedly &#8220;technical&#8221; guise, these discussions with the Taliban, whose regime the EU itself acknowledges has led to a &#8220;significant deterioration (&#8230;) in human rights for the Afghan population&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb24&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See in particular the European Council's&#034; id=&#034;nh24&#034;&gt;24&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; , could lead to the institutionalisation of the violation of the principle of non-refoulement and expose the individuals concerned to torture, inhuman and degrading treatment, arbitrary executions, and other serious human rights violations in Afghanistan.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class='spip_document_6042 spip_document spip_documents spip_document_file spip_documents_center spip_document_center spip_document_avec_legende' data-legende-len=&#034;25&#034; data-legende-lenx=&#034;&#034;
&gt;
&lt;figure class=&#034;spip_doc_inner&#034;&gt;
&lt;a href='https://migreurop.org/IMG/pdf/press_review_april_2026.pdf' class=&#034; spip_doc_lien&#034; title='PDF - 574.4 KiB' type=&#034;application/pdf&#034;&gt;&lt;img src='https://migreurop.org/local/cache-vignettes/L500xH500/16-2-01222.png?1778491587' width='500' height='500' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;figcaption class='spip_doc_legende'&gt; &lt;div class='spip_doc_titre '&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Press review April 2026
&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/figcaption&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;hr /&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_notes'&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb1&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh1&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 1&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;See Migreurop, &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly9taWdyZXVyb3Aub3JnL2FydGljbGUzNTcxLmh0bWw/bGFuZ19hcnRpY2xlPWZyI2h0dHBzOi8vbWlncmV1cm9wLm9yZy9hcnRpY2xlMzU3MS5odG1sP2xhbmdfYXJ0aWNsZT1mciI+4oCcUHJlc3MgUmV2aWV3OiBNYXJjaCAyMDI24oCdPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, 8 April 2026&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 2&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;See Migreurop, &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly9taWdyZXVyb3Aub3JnL2FydGljbGUzNTY1Lmh0bWw/bGFuZ19hcnRpY2xlPWZyI2h0dHBzOi8vbWlncmV1cm9wLm9yZy9hcnRpY2xlMzU2NS5odG1sP2xhbmdfYXJ0aWNsZT1mciI+4oCcTWFnaHJlYiBhbmQgRXVyb3BlYW4gVW5pb24gc3RhdGVzIGd1aWx0eSBvZiBzeXN0ZW1hdGljIHZpb2xhdGlvbnMgb2YgaW50ZXJuYXRpb25hbCBsYXcgYW5kIGNyaW1lcyBhZ2FpbnN0PC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; humanity&#8221;, 7 April 2026.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 3&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;See on this subject Myria, &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubXlyaWEuYmUvZnIvcHVibGljYXRpb25zL2xvaS1zdXItbGVzLXZpc2l0ZXMtZG9taWNpbGlhaXJlcy1kZXMtY29uZGl0aW9ucy12YWd1ZXMtZXQtcGV1LWRlLWdhcmFudGllcyNodHRwczovL3d3dy5teXJpYS5iZS9mci9wdWJsaWNhdGlvbnMvbG9pLXN1ci1sZXMtdmlzaXRlcy1kb21pY2lsaWFpcmVzLWRlcy1jb25kaXRpb25zLXZhZ3Vlcy1ldC1wZXUtZGUtZ2FyYW50aWVzIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9vdXQiIHJlbD0iZXh0ZXJuYWwiPuKAnExhdyBvbiBob21lIHZpc2l0czogdmFndWUgY29uZGl0aW9ucyBhbmQgZmV3PC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; safeguards&#8221;, 30 July 2025 and Cir&#233;, &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuY2lyZS5iZS9jZWNpLW5lc3QtcGFzLXVuZS1maWN0aW9uLyNodHRwczovL3d3dy5jaXJlLmJlL2NlY2ktbmVzdC1wYXMtdW5lLWZpY3Rpb24vIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9vdXQiIHJlbD0iZXh0ZXJuYWwiPuKAnFRoaXMgaXMgbm90IGZpY3Rpb24sIGl0IGlzIGEgZHJhZnQgbGF3ITwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&#8221;, 27 November 2025&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 4&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;Ibid.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb5&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh5&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 5&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;5&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;See on this subject Migreurop, &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly9taWdyZXVyb3Aub3JnL2FydGljbGUzNTUxLmh0bWw/bGFuZ19hcnRpY2xlPWZyI291dGlsX3NvbW1haXJlXzkiPuKAnFByZXNzIHJldmlldyBGZWJydWFyeTwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; 2026&#8221;, 10 March 2026, on the &#8220;return&#8221; regulation&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb6&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh6&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 6&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;6&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;See in particular Amnesty International, &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYW1uZXN0eS5mci93cC1jb250ZW50L3VwbG9hZHMvMjAyNS8wNi9hQTgzRHZJcVJMZGFCcUl4X1JhcHBvcnRBbm51ZWxBSTIwMjQtMjAyNS5wZGYjaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYW1uZXN0eS5mci93cC1jb250ZW50L3VwbG9hZHMvMjAyNS8wNi9hQTgzRHZJcVJMZGFCcUl4X1JhcHBvcnRBbm51ZWxBSTIwMjQtMjAyNS5wZGYiIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX291dCIgcmVsPSJleHRlcm5hbCI+4oCcVGhlIFN0YXRlIG9mIEh1bWFuIFJpZ2h0cyBpbiB0aGU8L2E+'&gt;&lt;/span&gt; World&#8221;, April 2025, pages 91&#8211;94&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb7&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh7&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 7&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;7&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;Ibid&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb8&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh8&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 8&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;8&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;See on this subject Lighthouse Reports, &#8220;&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubGlnaHRob3VzZXJlcG9ydHMuY29tL2ludmVzdGlnYXRpb24vd2Utd2VyZS1zbGF2ZXMvI2h0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmxpZ2h0aG91c2VyZXBvcnRzLmNvbS9pbnZlc3RpZ2F0aW9uL3dlLXdlcmUtc2xhdmVzLyIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfb3V0IiByZWw9ImV4dGVybmFsIj5XZSB3ZXJlPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; slaves&#8221;, 28 June 2022; or Human Rights Watch, &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuaHJ3Lm9yZy9yZXBvcnQvMjAyMi8wNC8wNy90aGVpci1mYWNlcy13ZXJlLWNvdmVyZWQvZ3JlZWNlcy11c2UtbWlncmFudHMtcG9saWNlLWF1eGlsaWFyaWVzLXB1c2hiYWNrcyNodHRwczovL3d3dy5ocncub3JnL3JlcG9ydC8yMDIyLzA0LzA3L3RoZWlyLWZhY2VzLXdlcmUtY292ZXJlZC9ncmVlY2VzLXVzZS1taWdyYW50cy1wb2xpY2UtYXV4aWxpYXJpZXMtcHVzaGJhY2tzIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9vdXQiIHJlbD0iZXh0ZXJuYWwiPuKAnFRoZWlyIEZhY2VzIFdlcmUgQ292ZXJlZOKAnS4gR3JlZWNl4oCZcyBVc2Ugb2YgTWlncmFudHMgYXMgUG9saWNlIEF1eGlsaWFyaWVzIGluIFB1c2hiYWNrczwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, 7 April 2022&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb9&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh9&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 9&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;9&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;See in particular the press release from the National Association of Italian Magistrates (ANM), &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYXNzb2NpYXppb25lbWFnaXN0cmF0aS5pdC9kb2MvNTA3Ny9zaWN1cmV6emEtc2NvbmNlcnRvLXBlci1hdHRhY2NvLWEtZGlyaXR0by1kaS1kaWZlc2EuaHRtI2h0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmFzc29jaWF6aW9uZW1hZ2lzdHJhdGkuaXQvZG9jLzUwNzcvc2ljdXJlenphLXNjb25jZXJ0by1wZXItYXR0YWNjby1hLWRpcml0dG8tZGktZGlmZXNhLmh0bSIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfb3V0IiByZWw9ImV4dGVybmFsIj7igJxTZWN1cml0eSBEZWNyZWU6IGRpc21heSBhdCBhdHRhY2sgb24gdGhlIHJpZ2h0IHRvPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; defence&#8221;, 18 April 2026&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb10&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh10&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 10&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;10&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;For further information, see the Migreurop press release, &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly9taWdyZXVyb3Aub3JnL2FydGljbGUzMjMwLmh0bWwjaHR0cHM6Ly9taWdyZXVyb3Aub3JnL2FydGljbGUzMjMwLmh0bWwiPuKAnEl0YWx5LUFsYmFuaWEgTWVtb3JhbmR1bSBvZiBVbmRlcnN0YW5kaW5nIG9uIE1pZ3JhdGlvbjogQ3Jvc3MtQm9yZGVyIENvb3BlcmF0aW9uIENvbnRyYXJ5IHRvIEludGVybmF0aW9uYWw8L2E+'&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Law&#8221;, 13 February 2024&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb11&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh11&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 11&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;11&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;See the statement by the Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights, &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='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'&gt;&lt;/span&gt; procedures&#8221;, 13 November 2023&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb12&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh12&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 12&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;12&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;See in particular Stop de Asielwetten, &#8220;&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly9zdG9wZGVhc2llbHdldHRlbi5ubC9hY3R1ZWVsL25pZXV3cy9zdHJhZmJhYXJzdGVsbGluZy12YW4tdGFmZWwjaHR0cHM6Ly9zdG9wZGVhc2llbHdldHRlbi5ubC9hY3R1ZWVsL25pZXV3cy9zdHJhZmJhYXJzdGVsbGluZy12YW4tdGFmZWwiIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX291dCIgcmVsPSJleHRlcm5hbCI+QSBiaXR0ZXJzd2VldCB2aWN0b3J5OiBDcmltaW5hbGlzYXRpb24gb2ZmIHRoZSB0YWJsZTwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&#8221;, 21 April 2026&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb13&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh13&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 13&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;13&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;The suspension of the right to asylum was subsequently extended four times in 2025 and once in 2026.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb14&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh14&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 14&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;14&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;See in particular the joint report &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iZmlsZTovLy9DOi9Vc2Vycy9hZG1pbi9Eb3dubG9hZHMvUHVzaGJhY2tzIFJlcG9ydCAyMDI1LnBkZiNmaWxlOi8vL0M6L1VzZXJzL2FkbWluL0Rvd25sb2Fkcy9QdXNoYmFja3MgUmVwb3J0IDIwMjUucGRmIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9vdXQiPuKAnEJlYXRlbiBiYWNrIGF0IEV1cm9wZeKAmXMgYm9yZGVycyDigJMgMjAyNSBhbm51YWwgcmVwb3J0IG9uPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; pushbacks&#8221;,February 2026, pages 11&#8211;13.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb15&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh15&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 15&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;15&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;According to the report by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudW5vZGMub3JnL2RvY3VtZW50cy9kYXRhLWFuZC1hbmFseXNpcy9nbG9zb20vR0xPU09NXzIwMThfd2ViX3NtYWxsLnBkZiNodHRwczovL3d3dy51bm9kYy5vcmcvZG9jdW1lbnRzL2RhdGEtYW5kLWFuYWx5c2lzL2dsb3NvbS9HTE9TT01fMjAxOF93ZWJfc21hbGwucGRmIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9vdXQiIHJlbD0iZXh0ZXJuYWwiPuKAnEdsb2JhbCBzdHVkeSBvbiBzbXVnZ2xpbmcgb2Y8L2E+'&gt;&lt;/span&gt; migrants&#8221;, June 2018, the demand for facilitation services is determined primarily by the limitation of so-called &#8220;legal&#8221; routes of access to certain territories.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb16&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh16&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 16&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;16&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;The Sandhurst Treaty provides that the United Kingdom shall fund part of the measures taken by France to &#8220;secure&#8221; French beaches, as the Franco-British border is situated on French soil. Since its signing in 2018 and to date, the United Kingdom has paid approximately &#8364;540 million to France.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb17&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh17&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 17&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;17&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;See on this subject InfoMigrants, &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='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'&gt;&lt;/span&gt; months&#8221;, 1 April 2026&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb18&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh18&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 18&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;18&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;Ibid.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb19&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh19&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 19&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;19&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;See The Guardian, &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudGhlZ3VhcmRpYW4uY29tL3VrLW5ld3MvMjAyNC9tYXIvMjMvdWstZnVuZGluZy1mcmVuY2gtbWlncmFudHMtc21hbGwtYm9hdC1ib3JkZXItZm9yY2VzI2h0dHBzOi8vd3d3LnRoZWd1YXJkaWFuLmNvbS91ay1uZXdzLzIwMjQvbWFyLzIzL3VrLWZ1bmRpbmctZnJlbmNoLW1pZ3JhbnRzLXNtYWxsLWJvYXQtYm9yZGVyLWZvcmNlcyIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfb3V0IiByZWw9ImV4dGVybmFsIj7igJxSZXZlYWxlZDogVUstZnVuZGVkIEZyZW5jaCBmb3JjZXMgcHV0dGluZyBtaWdyYW50c+KAmSBsaXZlcyBhdCByaXNrIHdpdGggc21hbGwtYm9hdDwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; tactics&#8221;, 23 March 2026&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb20&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh20&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 20&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;20&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;See the report by the Human Rights Network, &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuaHVtYW5zZm9ycmlnaHRzLm9yZy9zdGF0ZS12aW9sZW5jZSNodHRwczovL3d3dy5odW1hbnNmb3JyaWdodHMub3JnL3N0YXRlLXZpb2xlbmNlIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9vdXQiIHJlbD0iZXh0ZXJuYWwiPuKAnFlvdSBjYW7igJl0IHN0YXkgYnV0IHlvdSBjYW7igJl0IGdvIOKAkyBTdGF0ZSB2aW9sZW5jZSBhdCB0aGUgVUstRnJhbmNlPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; border&#8221;, December 2025&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb21&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh21&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 21&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;21&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;See InfoMigrants, &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='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'&gt;&lt;/span&gt; researchers&#8221;, 31 March 2026&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb22&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh22&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 22&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;22&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;See on this subject Euractiv, &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='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'&gt;&lt;/span&gt; underway&#8221;, 20 October 2025&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb23&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh23&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 23&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;23&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;See also InfoMigrants, &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuaW5mb21pZ3JhbnRzLm5ldC9mci9wb3N0LzcwMDkxL2xhbGxlbWFnbmUtZXhwdWxzZS0yMC1jcmltaW5lbHMtYWZnaGFucy12ZXJzLWthYm91bCNodHRwczovL3d3dy5pbmZvbWlncmFudHMubmV0L2ZyL3Bvc3QvNzAwOTEvbGFsbGVtYWduZS1leHB1bHNlLTIwLWNyaW1pbmVscy1hZmdoYW5zLXZlcnMta2Fib3VsIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9vdXQiIHJlbD0iZXh0ZXJuYWwiPuKAnEdlcm1hbnkgZGVwb3J0cyAyMCBBZmdoYW4gY3JpbWluYWxzIHRvIEthYnVsPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&#8221;, 27 February 2026&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb24&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh24&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 24&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;24&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;See in particular the European Council's &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuY29uc2lsaXVtLmV1cm9wYS5ldS9mci9wb2xpY2llcy9hZmdoYW5pc3Rhbi1ldS1yZXNwb25zZS8jaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuY29uc2lsaXVtLmV1cm9wYS5ldS9mci9wb2xpY2llcy9hZmdoYW5pc3Rhbi1ldS1yZXNwb25zZS8iIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX291dCIgcmVsPSJleHRlcm5hbCI+ZmFjdHNoZWV0IG9uIEFmZ2hhbmlzdGFuPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		</content:encoded>


		

	</item>
<item xml:lang="fr">
		<title>Revue de presse avril 2026</title>
		<link>https://migreurop.org/article3588.html</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://migreurop.org/article3588.html</guid>
		<dc:date>2026-05-11T08:33:35Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>fr</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Camille</dc:creator>


		<dc:subject>Belgique</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Tunisie</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Alg&#233;rie</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Gr&#232;ce</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Italie</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Albanie</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Pays-Bas</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Pologne</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Royaume-Uni</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>France</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Afghanistan</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Externalisation</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Surveillance et contr&#244;le</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>R&#233;voltes et mobilisations</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Renvois forc&#233;s</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Racisme</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>r&#232;glement retour</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Politiques migratoires</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Pays s&#251;rs</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Militarisation des fronti&#232;res</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Enfermement</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Asile</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Frontex</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Union Europ&#233;enne</dc:subject>

		<description>
&lt;p&gt;Tunisie Business News, &#171; La rue pour briser le silence : mobilisation citoyenne contre le racisme &#224; Tunis &#187;, le 11 avril 2026 &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
&#192; la suite d'une p&#233;tition citoyenne lanc&#233;e le 7 avril et diffus&#233;e sur les r&#233;seaux sociaux, une marche de solidarit&#233; contre le racisme s'est tenue &#224; Tunis le samedi 11 avril. Des slogans ont &#233;t&#233; scand&#233;s pour d&#233;noncer les discours racistes en ligne, les propos discriminatoires de certain&#183;e&#183;s d&#233;put&#233;&#183;e&#183;s tunisien&#183;ne&#183;s, ainsi que la r&#233;pression visant les migrant&#183;e&#183;s et (&#8230;)&lt;/p&gt;


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&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_0&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=47&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tunisie&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;Business News, &#171; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly9idXNpbmVzc25ld3MuY29tLnRuLzIwMjYvMDQvMTEvbGEtcnVlLXBvdXItYnJpc2VyLWxlLXNpbGVuY2UtbW9iaWxpc2F0aW9uLWNpdG95ZW5uZS1jb250cmUtbGUtcmFjaXNtZS1hLXR1bmlzLzEzOTYwODgvIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9vdXQiIHJlbD0iZXh0ZXJuYWwiPnsmbmJzcDt9e0xhIHJ1ZSBwb3VyIGJyaXNlciBsZSBzaWxlbmNlJm5ic3A7OiBtb2JpbGlzYXRpb24gY2l0b3llbm5lIGNvbnRyZSBsZSByYWNpc21lIMOgIFR1bmlzfTwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt; &#187;, le 11 avril 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&#192; la suite d'une &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly90dW5pc2lhbnNvbGlkYXJpdHkub3JnL2VuL3JhY2lzbWUvIyIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfb3V0IiByZWw9ImV4dGVybmFsIj5ww6l0aXRpb24gY2l0b3llbm5lPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; lanc&#233;e le 7 avril et diffus&#233;e sur les r&#233;seaux sociaux, une marche de solidarit&#233; contre le racisme s'est tenue &#224; Tunis le samedi 11 avril. Des slogans ont &#233;t&#233; scand&#233;s pour d&#233;noncer les discours racistes en ligne, les propos discriminatoires de certain&#183;e&#183;s d&#233;put&#233;&#183;e&#183;s tunisien&#183;ne&#183;s, ainsi que la r&#233;pression visant les migrant&#183;e&#183;s et les d&#233;fenseur&#183;e&#183;s des droits en Tunisie.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Le racisme envers les migrant&#183;e&#183;s d'Afrique subsaharienne et les Tunisien&#183;ne&#183;s noir&#183;e&#183;s s'intensifie dans le pays. Des campagnes de d&#233;sinformation et de haine orchestr&#233;es par le gouvernement de Ka&#239;s Sa&#239;ed, des arrestations arbitraires et des poursuites fond&#233;es sur de fausses accusations contre les militant&#183;e&#183;s antiracistes&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-1&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir &#224; ce sujet Migreurop, , 8 avril 2026&#034; id=&#034;nh2-1&#034;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;, ainsi que des pressions croissantes sur la soci&#233;t&#233; civile solidaire fa&#231;onnent aujourd'hui la r&#233;alit&#233; tunisienne. Cette situation s'inscrit en partie dans le r&#244;le de &#171; garde-fronti&#232;re &#187; que la Tunisie a endoss&#233; pour le compte de l'Italie et de l'Union europ&#233;enne, surtout depuis 2023, dans le cadre du &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly9lYy5ldXJvcGEuZXUvY29tbWlzc2lvbi9wcmVzc2Nvcm5lci9kZXRhaWwvcHQvaXBfMjNfMzg4NyIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfb3V0IiByZWw9ImV4dGVybmFsIj5tw6ltb3JhbmR1bSBk4oCZZW50ZW50ZSBVRS1UdW5pc2llPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, fortement soutenu par le gouvernement italien et visant &#224; dissuader et entraver les d&#233;parts vers l'Europe.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Malgr&#233; cette r&#233;pression g&#233;n&#233;ralis&#233;e, la mobilisation citoyenne d&#233;montre que la soci&#233;t&#233; civile ne faiblit pas, et continue de r&#233;sister et de se mobiliser pour la d&#233;fense des droits humains, dont les violations engagent la responsabilit&#233; de l'UE et de ses politiques d'externalisation.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_1&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=47&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Jugement du Tribunal Permanent des Peuples&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;Lebrief&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;.ma, &#171; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubGVicmllZi5tYS90cmlidW5hbC1wZXJtYW5lbnQtZGVzLXBldXBsZXMtbGVzLWV0YXRzLWR1LW1hZ2hyZWItZXQtbHVuaW9uLWV1cm9wZWVubmUtcmVzcG9uc2FibGVzLWRlLXZpb2xhdGlvbnMtc3lzdGVtYXRpcXVlcy1kZXMtZHJvaXRzLWRlcy1taWdyYW50cy0xMDAxNDcxNDIvIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9vdXQiIHJlbD0iZXh0ZXJuYWwiPntUcmlidW5hbCBwZXJtYW5lbnQgZGVzIHBldXBsZXMmbmJzcDs6IGxlcyDDiXRhdHMgZHUgTWFnaHJlYiBldCBs4oCZVW5pb24gZXVyb3DDqWVubmUgcmVzcG9uc2FibGVzIGRlIHZpb2xhdGlvbnMgc3lzdMOpbWF0aXF1ZXMgZGVzIGRyb2l0cyBkZXMgbWlncmFudHN9PC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt; &#187;, le 6 avril 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Le 31 mars &#224; Rabat, le jury de la 56e session du Tribunal permanent des peuples (TPP) a rendu son&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly9wZXJtYW5lbnRwZW9wbGVzdHJpYnVuYWwub3JnL3dwLWNvbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDI1LzExL1RQUF9NaWdyYXppb25lX01hZ2hyZWJfU2VudGVuemFfRlJfMzAtbWFyem8tMjAyNi5wZGYiIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX291dCIgcmVsPSJleHRlcm5hbCI+anVnZW1lbnQgZMOpZmluaXRpZjwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;. &#192; la suite d'un acte d'accusation r&#233;dig&#233; par une coalition d'organisations de la soci&#233;t&#233; civile, le TPP a reconnu les &#201;tats du Maghreb, l'UE et plusieurs de ses &#201;tats membres coupables de violations syst&#233;matiques et syst&#233;miques du droit international (non-assistance &#224; personnes en danger, d&#233;tentions arbitraires, torture, refoulements, discriminations raciales, violations des droits). Lors des audiences qui se sont tenues en octobre 2025 &#224; Palerme (Italie), des &#233;l&#233;ments de preuve ont &#233;t&#233; pr&#233;sent&#233;s tels que l'existence en Libye d'un syst&#232;me de refoulement, de d&#233;tention, de traite et d'exploitation ; des refoulements, abandons dans le d&#233;sert et des violences racistes en Tunisie ; un continuum de violences allant de la d&#233;tention arbitraire en Libye jusqu'&#224; la criminalisation des exil&#233;&#183;e&#183;s et de leurs soutiens en Europe ; des attaques incessantes contre les op&#233;rations civiles de sauvetage en mer...L'UE et ses &#201;tats membres ont &#233;t&#233; consid&#233;r&#233;s complices de ces violations des droits pour avoir financ&#233; et encourag&#233; ces crimes, notamment &#224; travers leurs politiques d'externalisation des fronti&#232;res.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Au-del&#224; des violations du droit international par les &#201;tats, le TPP mentionne &#233;galement la possible qualification de crimes contre l'Humanit&#233;, dans la mesure o&#249; les faits document&#233;s r&#233;sultent de choix d&#233;lib&#233;r&#233;s d'individus et d'actes effectu&#233;s en pleine conscience.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Ce jugement, qui n'a pas de valeur juridique contraignante, repr&#233;sente toutefois une avanc&#233;e symbolique permettant la reconnaissance, par une juridiction citoyenne, des crimes perp&#233;tr&#233;s contre les personnes migrantes. C'est une premi&#232;re &#233;tape visant &#224; mobiliser l'opinion publique et &#224; d&#233;passer les barri&#232;res du silence, de la haine et de la marginalisation qui entourent les questions migratoires&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-2&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir &#224; ce sujet Migreurop, &#171; &#187;, 7 avril 2026.&#034; id=&#034;nh2-2&#034;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_2&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=47&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Belgique&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;RTL info, &#171; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cucnRsLmJlL2FjdHUvYmVsZ2lxdWUvcG9saXRpcXVlL2lsLW5lLXBldXQtcGx1cy1zYWdpci1kdW4tc3VqZXQtdGFib3UtbGUtZ291dmVybmVtZW50LWRvbm5lLXNvbi1mZXUtdmVydC11bmUvMjAyNi0wNC0wMy9hcnRpY2xlLzc4NDcxMCIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfb3V0IiByZWw9ImV4dGVybmFsIj57SWwgbmUgcGV1dCBwbHVzIHPigJlhZ2lyIGTigJl1biBzdWpldCB0YWJvdSZuYnNwOyYjMTg3OyZuYnNwOzogbGUgZ291dmVybmVtZW50IGRvbm5lIHNvbiBmZXUgdmVydCDDoCB1bmUgbWVzdXJlIGNvbnRyb3ZlcnPDqWV9PC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt; &#187;, le 3 avril 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Le gouvernement belge a approuv&#233; en deuxi&#232;me lecture le projet de loi autorisant les &#171; visites domiciliaires &#187; (2025), qui permettrait &#224; la police, avec l'autorisation d'un juge, d'effectuer des perquisitions au domicile d'une personne sans titre de s&#233;jour, qui repr&#233;senterait &#171; un danger pour l'ordre public ou la s&#233;curit&#233; nationale &#187;, dans le but de proc&#233;der &#224; son arrestation et &#224; son expulsion.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Le projet suscite de graves inqui&#233;tudes au regard des droits fondamentaux, tels que le droit au respect de la vie priv&#233;e et familiale (art. 8 de la Convention europ&#233;enne des droits de l'Homme), ainsi que du principe de l'inviolabilit&#233; du domicile (art. 15 de la Constitution belge). Ces droits sont menac&#233;s par la notion non d&#233;finie de &#171; danger pour l'ordre public &#187;, qui ouvre la porte &#224; l'arbitraire. En outre, aucun recours n'est pr&#233;vu pour contester la l&#233;galit&#233; de la &#171; visite &#187;, ce qui viole le droit &#224; un recours effectif&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-3&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir &#224; ce sujet Myria, &#171; &#187; , 30 juillet 2025 et Cir&#233;, &#171; &#187;, 27 novembre 2025&#034; id=&#034;nh2-3&#034;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Plusieurs organisations de la soci&#233;t&#233; civile, et des institutions publiques, ont d&#233;nonc&#233; le projet de loi d&#232;s son d&#233;p&#244;t l'ann&#233;e derni&#232;re, en l'estimant non conforme aux crit&#232;res de n&#233;cessit&#233; et de proportionnalit&#233;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-4&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Ibidem&#034; id=&#034;nh2-4&#034;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;S'il est approuv&#233; par le Parlement, il constituerait une nouvelle pierre dans la construction d'un r&#233;gime de surveillance des personnes exil&#233;es que les gouvernements europ&#233;ens tentent de mettre en place en Europe&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-5&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir &#224; ce sujet Migreurop, &#171; &#187;, 10 mars 2026, sur le r&#232;glement &#171; retour &#187;&#034; id=&#034;nh2-5&#034;&gt;5&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_3&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=47&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Belgique/Alg&#233;rie&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;InfoMigrants&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;, &#171; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuaW5mb21pZ3JhbnRzLm5ldC9mci9wb3N0LzcwNzA3L2xhLWJlbGdpcXVlLWNvbmNsdXQtdW4tYWNjb3JkLWF2ZWMtbGFsZ2VyaWUtcG91ci1hY2NlbGVyZXItbGVzLWV4cHVsc2lvbnMtZGFsZ2VyaWVucy1lbi1zaXR1YXRpb24taXJyZWd1bGllcmUiIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX291dCIgcmVsPSJleHRlcm5hbCI+e0xhIEJlbGdpcXVlIGNvbmNsdXQgdW4gYWNjb3JkIGF2ZWMgbOKAmUFsZ8OpcmllIHBvdXIgYWNjw6lsw6lyZXIgbGVzIGV4cHVsc2lvbnMgZCYjODIxNztBbGfDqXJpZW5zIGVuIHNpdHVhdGlvbiBpcnLDqWd1bGnDqHJlfTwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt; &#187;, le 2 avril 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;La Belgique et l'Alg&#233;rie ont conclu un accord sur l'expulsion des ressortissant&#183;e&#183;s alg&#233;rien&#183;ne&#183;s. L'accord, qui doit encore &#234;tre approuv&#233; par le Parlement belge, pr&#233;voit que l'Alg&#233;rie s'engage &#224; identifier ses ressortissant&#183;e&#183;s faisant l'objet d'une mesure d'expulsion dans un d&#233;lai de 15 jours , ainsi qu'&#224; accepter la possibilit&#233; de pr&#233;voir leur expulsion group&#233;e dans des vols d&#233;di&#233;s,avec la participation d'escortes alg&#233;riennes. Pourtant, la l&#233;galit&#233; des renvois group&#233;s de personnes d'une m&#234;me nationalit&#233; est contestable au regard des textes prot&#233;geant les droits humains (Convention europ&#233;enne des droits de l'Homme, Charte europ&#233;enne des droits fondamentaux) qui prohibent les expulsions collectives. En contrepartie, la Belgique accorde un acc&#232;s sans visa &#224; son territoire aux titulaires de passeports diplomatiques alg&#233;riens.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Il s'agit de l'&#233;ni&#232;me exemple d'accords, formels ou informels, conclu afin d'acc&#233;l&#233;rer les expulsions de personnes &#233;trang&#232;res depuis l'Europe, en contrepartie d'avantages financiers, commerciaux ou politiques. Une diplomatie du renvoi, au m&#233;pris des droits fondamentaux. Nombreuses sont ainsi les voix qui s'&#233;l&#232;vent pour d&#233;noncer une violation syst&#233;matique des droits en Alg&#233;rie : r&#233;tr&#233;cissement de l'espace de la soci&#233;t&#233; civile, r&#233;pression s&#233;v&#232;re de la libert&#233; d'expression, atteintes au droit de r&#233;union pacifique et d'association, et all&#233;gations de torture et autres mauvais traitements en sont certaines des illustrations&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-6&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir notamment Amnesty International, &#171; &#187;, avril 2025, pages 91-94&#034; id=&#034;nh2-6&#034;&gt;6&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Par ailleurs, des sanctions s&#233;v&#232;res sont pr&#233;vues en cas de sortie et d'aide &#224; la sortie &#171; ill&#233;gale &#187; du territoire alg&#233;rien, pouvant aller jusqu'&#224; cinq ans d'emprisonnement&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-7&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Ibidem&#034; id=&#034;nh2-7&#034;&gt;7&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;, ce qui est contraire au droit international (art.12-2 Pacte international relatif aux droits civils et politiques &#171; Toute personne est libre de quitter n'importe quel pays, y compris le sien &#187;).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_4&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=47&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gr&#232;ce&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;BBC&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;, &#171; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYmJjLmNvbS9uZXdzL2FydGljbGVzL2M4NnZwcTQyZGwwbyIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfb3V0IiByZWw9ImV4dGVybmFsIj57R3JlZWsgcG9saWNlIHVzaW5nIG1hc2tlZCBtaWdyYW50cyB0byBmb3JjaWJseSBwdXNoIG90aGVyIG1pZ3JhbnRzIGJhY2sgYWNyb3NzIGJvcmRlcn17Jm5ic3A7fTwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt; &#187;, le 14 avril 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;De nouvelles preuves ont &#233;t&#233; recueillies concernant le recrutement, par les autorit&#233;s grecques, de personnes migrantes pour refouler d'autres exil&#233;&#183;e&#183;s &#224; la fronti&#232;re avec la Turquie (r&#233;gion du fleuve Evros). En contrepartie, celles-ci recevraient de l'argent, ainsi que des documents administratifs leur permettant de demeurer en Gr&#232;ce pendant 25 jours.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Cette pratique n'est pas in&#233;dite et est document&#233;e par plusieurs organisations et enqu&#234;tes depuis au moins 2020&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-8&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir &#224; ce sujet Lighthouse Reports, &#171; &#187;, 28 juin 2022 ; ou encore Human (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh2-8&#034;&gt;8&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. Le recrutement d'exil&#233;&#183;e&#183;s en tant que &#171; mercenaires &#187; se ferait sous la contrainte, apr&#232;s leur franchissement de la fronti&#232;re entre la Turquie et la Gr&#232;ce. Masqu&#233;es, ces personnes seraient charg&#233;es de proc&#233;der &#224; des refoulements et d'exercer d'autres formes de violences, telles que des d&#233;shabillages forc&#233;s, des passages &#224; tabac et des vols d'effets personnels. En &#233;change de documents leur permettant de se maintenir un temps sur le territoire europ&#233;en.Une forme d'exploitation des migrant&#183;e&#183;s pour le &#171; contr&#244;le &#187; des fronti&#232;res, &#224; qui les autorit&#233;s grecques et europ&#233;ennes tenteraient de transf&#233;rer la responsabilit&#233; de pratiques violentes et attentatoires aux droits humains. Dans un exercice bien connu de d&#233;ni, la Gr&#232;ce comme Frontex d&#233;clarent ne pas avoir connaissance de ces faits.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_5&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=47&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Italie&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;Il Post, &#171; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuaWxwb3N0Lml0LzIwMjYvMDQvMjMvY29zYS1zb25vLXJpbXBhdHJpLXZvbG9udGFyaS1hc3Npc3RpdGktcGF0cm9jaW5pby1ncmF0dWl0by1taWdyYW50aS1kZWNyZXRvLXNpY3VyZXp6YS8/dXRtX2NhbXBhaWduPWxlZ2dpX2FuY2hlJmFtcDt1dG1fbWVkaXVtPWxlZ2dpX2FuY2hlJmFtcDt1dG1fc291cmNlPWlscG9zdCIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfb3V0IiByZWw9ImV4dGVybmFsIj57Q2FwaXJlIG1lZ2xpbyBsZSBkdWUgcXVlc3Rpb25pIHN1aSBtaWdyYW50aSBkaSBjdWkgc2kgcGFybGEgZGEgZ2lvcm5pfTwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt; &#187;, le 23 avril 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;Il &lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;Post&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;, &#171; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuaWxwb3N0Lml0LzIwMjYvMDQvMjQvZ292ZXJuby1kZWNyZXRvLXNpY3VyZXp6YS1tb2RpZmljYS1pbmNlbnRpdmktcmltcGF0cmkvIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9vdXQiIGhyZWZsYW5nPSJmciIgcmVsPSJleHRlcm5hbCI+e0lsIGdvdmVybm8gaGEgbWVzc28gdW5hIHBlenphIGFsbGEgbm9ybWEgc3VpIHJpbXBhdHJpIHZvbG9udGFyaX08L2E+'&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt; &#187;, le 24 avril 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Le 24 avril, le gouvernement italien a approuv&#233; un projet de loi visant &#224; modifier une mesure relative aux migrations contenue dans le &#171; d&#233;cret s&#251;ret&#233; &#187;, adopt&#233; le m&#234;me jour par le Parlement . La mesure pr&#233;voyait l'octroi d'une prime de 615 euros aux avocat&#183;e&#183;s charg&#233;&#183;e&#183;s des proc&#233;dures de retour dit &#171; volontaire &#187; dans le cas o&#249; ce retour aboutirait, mais elle avait &#233;t&#233; bloqu&#233;e par le Pr&#233;sident de la R&#233;publique pour motif d'inconstitutionnalit&#233;. Dans cette modification pr&#233;cipit&#233;e, la prime sera d&#233;sormais vers&#233;e aux avocat&#183;e&#183;s et &#224; d'autres acteur&#183;rice&#183;s impliqu&#233;&#183;e&#183;s dans la mise en &#339;uvre des &#171; retours volontaires &#187;, ind&#233;pendamment de l'issue. Le projet de loi doit encore &#234;tre approuv&#233; par le Parlement italien.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Une deuxi&#232;me mesure, entr&#233;e en vigueur dans le cadre du &#171; d&#233;cret s&#251;ret&#233; &#187; adopt&#233;, supprime l'octroi automatique de l'aide juridictionnelle pour les personnes migrantes contestant une proc&#233;dure d'expulsion. Celles-ci devront d&#233;sormais prouver qu'elles remplissent les conditions de ressources en fournissant des documents (notamment une attestation consulaire) souvent tr&#232;s difficiles &#224; obtenir dans les d&#233;lais pr&#233;vus par la loi.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Au nom d'une pr&#233;tendue urgence &#224; expulser plus rapidement et plus efficacement, l'Italie porte atteinte &#224; ses obligations en mati&#232;re de garantie des droits, en tentant de fragiliser l'ind&#233;pendance et l'autonomie des avocat&#183;e&#183;s, et en introduisant des contraintes administratives qui rendent l'acc&#232;s &#224; l'aide juridictionnelle pour certaines personnes exil&#233;es quasiment impossible. M&#234;me si la version initiale de la premi&#232;re mesure n'a pas &#233;t&#233; adopt&#233;e, les &#233;volutions r&#233;centes t&#233;moignent d'une menace croissante et grave sur le droit &#224; la d&#233;fense des personnes migrantes, qui devrait pourtant &#234;tre &#171; plein, libre et concr&#232;tement accessible &#187;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-9&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir notamment le communiqu&#233; de presse de l'association nationale des (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh2-9&#034;&gt;9&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_6&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=47&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Italie/Albanie&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;Politico&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;, &#171; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cucG9saXRpY28uZXUvYXJ0aWNsZS9pdGFseS1taWdyYW50LWRldGVudGlvbi1odWJzLWFsYmFuaWEtbm90LWFnYWluc3QtZXUtbGF3LXNheXMtdG9wLWV1LWNvdXJ0LWFkdmlzZXIvIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9vdXQiIHJlbD0iZXh0ZXJuYWwiPntJdGFseeKAmXMgbWlncmFudCBkZXRlbnRpb24gaHVicyBpbiBBbGJhbmlhIG5vdCBhZ2FpbnN0IEVVIGxhdywgc2F5cyB0b3AgRVUgY291cnQgYWR2aXNlciZuYnNwOyYjMTg3OyB9PC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;, le 23 avril 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Un avocat g&#233;n&#233;ral &#224; la Cour de justice de l'Union europ&#233;enne (CJUE) a estim&#233; que le protocole d'accord Italie-Albanie (2023)&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-10&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Pour en savoir plus, lire le communiqu&#233; de Migreurop, &#171; &#187;, 13 f&#233;vrier 2024&#034; id=&#034;nh2-10&#034;&gt;10&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; est, en principe, conforme au droit europ&#233;en. Ce dernier n'emp&#234;cherait pas les &#201;tats membres de mettre en place, en dehors de leur territoire, des camps de d&#233;tention d&#233;di&#233;s aux proc&#233;dures d'expulsion et/ou au traitement des demandes d'asile, &#224; condition que l'&#201;tat tiers concern&#233; respecte le droit de l'Union, et les droits des migrant&#183;e&#183;s.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Il s'agit d'un avis non contraignant, qui contribue pourtant &#224; la l&#233;gitimation politique du nouvel avatar de la politique d'externalisation europ&#233;enne , initi&#233; par l'Italie, et qui a inspir&#233; les nouvelles r&#233;glementations europ&#233;ennes (cf. r&#232;glement &#171; retour &#187;2026).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;La Commissaire aux droits de l'Homme du Conseil de l'Europe a dans ce sens rappel&#233; en 2023 que &#171; la possibilit&#233; de d&#233;poser une demande d'asile et de la faire examiner sur le territoire des &#201;tats membres reste une composante indispensable d'un syst&#232;me fiable et respectueux des droits humains &#187;, ajoutant que &#171; le protocole d'accord cr&#233;e un r&#233;gime d'asile extraterritorial ad hoc, caract&#233;ris&#233; par de nombreuses ambigu&#239;t&#233;s juridiques&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-11&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir la d&#233;claration du Commissaire aux droits de l'Homme du Conseil de (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh2-11&#034;&gt;11&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. Il reste d&#233;sormais &#224; attendre la d&#233;cision d&#233;finitive de la CJUE.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_7&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=47&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pays-Bas&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;DutchNews, &#171; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZHV0Y2huZXdzLm5sLzIwMjYvMDQvc2VuYXRlLXJlamVjdHMtbGF3LXRvLWNyaW1pbmFsaXNlLWxpdmluZy1pbi1ubC13aXRob3V0LXBhcGVycy8iIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX291dCIgaHJlZmxhbmc9ImZyIiByZWw9ImV4dGVybmFsIj57Jm5ic3A7U2VuYXRlIH17cmVqZWN0cyBiaWxsIHRvIGNyaW1pbmFsaXNlIGxpdmluZyBpbiBOTCB3aXRob3V0IHBhcGVyc308L2E+'&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt; &#187;, le 21 avril 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;InfoMigrants, &#171; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuaW5mb21pZ3JhbnRzLm5ldC9mci9wb3N0LzYxODgxL2xlcy1wYXlzYmFzLWFkb3B0ZW50LWxlLWRvdWJsZS1zdGF0dXQtcG91ci1sZXMtZGVtYW5kZXVycy1kYXNpbGUiIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX291dCIgaHJlZmxhbmc9ImZyIiByZWw9ImV4dGVybmFsIj57TGVzIFBheXMtQmFzIGFkb3B0ZW50IGxlIGRvdWJsZSBzdGF0dXQgcG91ciBsZXMgZGVtYW5kZXVycyBkJiM4MjE3O2FzaWxlfTwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt; &#187;, le 23 avril 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Le 21 avril, le S&#233;nat a rejet&#233; une proposition de loi visant &#224; criminaliser le s&#233;jour dit &#171; irr&#233;gulier &#187;, qui aurait entra&#238;n&#233; un risque accru d'exclusion sociale des personnes exil&#233;es, ainsi que l'exposition &#224; des risques juridiques pour les personnes apportant une aide humanitaire, notamment en fournissant de la nourriture, un abri ou toute autre forme de soutien.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Ce rejet arrive suite &#224; une large mobilisation de la soci&#233;t&#233; civile n&#233;erlandaise. Environ 120 organisations ont rejoint la campagne &#171; &lt;i&gt;Stop de asielwetten&lt;/i&gt; &#187; (Halte aux lois sur l'asile), en soulignant les effets n&#233;gatifs potentiels de la loi sur l'acc&#232;s effectif aux droits fondamentaux tels que l'&#233;ducation, les soins de sant&#233; et l'assistance juridique, qui doivent &#234;tre garantis ind&#233;pendamment du statut administratif des personnes. Des municipalit&#233;s, dont Amsterdam, ont &#233;galement manifest&#233; leur opposition, montrant que l'&#233;chelon local peut constituer un contre-pouvoir face &#224; l'&#201;tat.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Cependant, cette victoire a &#233;t&#233; qualifi&#233;e de &#171; douce-am&#232;re &#187; par la coalition de la campagne&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-12&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir notamment Stop de Asielwetten, &#171; &#187;, 21 avril 2026&#034; id=&#034;nh2-12&#034;&gt;12&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;, car le S&#233;nat a approuv&#233; un syst&#232;me de &#171; double statut &#187; pour les migrant&#183;e&#183;s demandeur&#183;euses d'asile, qui accordera des droits diff&#233;rents &#224; celles et ceux qui fuient des pers&#233;cutions individuelles &#8211; qui b&#233;n&#233;ficieraient d'une protection dite &#171; compl&#232;te &#187; en tant que r&#233;fugi&#233;&#183;es &#8211; et celles et ceux qui fuient des guerres ou des catastrophes naturelles, qui auraient des droits limit&#233;s, notamment en mati&#232;re de regroupement familial. Cette distinction existe d&#233;j&#224; dans de nombreux pays europ&#233;ens (statut de r&#233;fugi&#233;&#183;e et protection subsidiaire). Son introduction aux Pays-Bas, o&#249; jusqu'ici les droits des deux cat&#233;gories de demandeur&#183;euse&#183;s d'asile &#233;taient les m&#234;mes&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-13&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir &#224; ce sujet Refugee Help, &#171; &#187;, 23 d&#233;cembre 2025&#034; id=&#034;nh2-13&#034;&gt;13&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;, suscite des pr&#233;occupations au sein de la soci&#233;t&#233; civile quant au respect de la dignit&#233; humaine. La coalition se dit donc pr&#234;te &#224; poursuivre sa bataille contre les politiques migratoires r&#233;pressives du gouvernement n&#233;erlandais. Une lutte qui appara&#238;t de plus en plus urgente dans le contexte europ&#233;en actuel, domin&#233; par les id&#233;ologies racistes et les l&#233;gislations attentatoires aux droits des personnes migrantes.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_8&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=47&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pologne&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;InfoMigrants&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;, &#171; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuaW5mb21pZ3JhbnRzLm5ldC9mci9wb3N0LzcwNzY0L2JhaXNzZS1kZXMtcGFzc2FnZXMtYS1sYS1mcm9udGllcmUtZW50cmUtcG9sb2duZS1ldC1iaWVsb3J1c3NpZS0tbGVzLWl0aW5lcmFpcmVzLWRhbmdlcmV1eC1zZXJvbnQtcGx1cy1mcmVxdWVudGVzIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9vdXQiIHJlbD0iZXh0ZXJuYWwiPntCYWlzc2UgZGVzIHBhc3NhZ2VzIMOgIGxhIGZyb250acOocmUgZW50cmUgUG9sb2duZSBldCBCacOpbG9ydXNzaWUmbmJzcDs6ICYjODIxNztMZXMgaXRpbsOpcmFpcmVzIGRhbmdlcmV1eCBzZXJvbnQgcGx1cyBmcsOpcXVlbnTDqXN9PC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt; &#187;, le 10 avril 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Le gouvernement polonais a r&#233;cemment communiqu&#233; une forte baisse des tentatives de franchissement de la fronti&#232;re entre la Pologne et la Bi&#233;lorussie en quatre ans, qu'il attribue au renforcement de la militarisation de la fronti&#232;re et &#224; la suspension temporaire de l'enregistrement des demandes d'asile. Les organisations d'aide aux personnes exil&#233;es alertent sur le fait qu'en r&#233;alit&#233;, ces politiques n'ont fait que contraindre les personnes exil&#233;es &#224; traverser la fronti&#232;re via des tunnels souterrains dans des conditions tr&#232;s risqu&#233;es.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;La Pologne &#8211; comme d'autres pays europ&#233;ens, arguant d'une hausse des demandes d'asile et des arriv&#233;es sur leurs territoire &#8211; a d&#233;cid&#233; de suspendre l'enregistrement des demandes d'asile &#224; ses fronti&#232;res en 2024. Cette violation de ses obligations internationales a &#233;t&#233; faite avec l'aval de l'UE, qui permet de limiter l'enregistrement des demandes d'asile dans des circonstances dites &#171; exceptionnelles &#187;, notamment pour les &#201;tats membres confront&#233;s &#224; une &#171; situation de crise &#187;, d'&#171; afflux massif &#187; ou &#224; une &#171; instrumentalisation des mouvements migratoires &#187;. Depuis 2021, Varsovie accuse en effet Minsk de coorganiser avec Moscou l'arriv&#233;e de personnes migrantes afin de &#171; d&#233;stabiliser &#187; le territoire de l'UE&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-14&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;La suspension du droit d'asile a ensuite &#233;t&#233; prolong&#233;e quatre fois en 2025 e (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh2-14&#034;&gt;14&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Parmi les effets de cette suspension, figurent les 14 754 refoulements vers la Bi&#233;lorussie op&#233;r&#233;s de fa&#231;on ill&#233;galepar les autorit&#233;s polonaises entre janvier et d&#233;cembre 2025, violant leurs droits et exposant les personnes exil&#233;es &#224; des conditions inhumaines et d&#233;gradantes&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-15&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir notamment le rapport conjoint &#171; &#187;,f&#233;vrier 2026, pages 11-13.&#034; id=&#034;nh2-15&#034;&gt;15&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;La multiplication des franchissements de la fronti&#232;re par des tunnels et autres voies alternatives d&#233;montre une fois de plus que les politiques migratoires r&#233;pressives et s&#233;curitaires ne mettent pas fin aux mouvements migratoires : elles rendent les itin&#233;raires plus dangereux et plus longs, et poussent les personnes exil&#233;es &#224; recourir &#224; des facilitateurs devenus n&#233;cessaires dans le contexte de fermeture des fronti&#232;res&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-16&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Selon le rapport de l'Office des Nations Unies contre la drogue et le (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh2-16&#034;&gt;16&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_9&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=47&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Royaume-Uni/France&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;Le Monde, &#171; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubGVtb25kZS5mci9pbnRlcm5hdGlvbmFsL2FydGljbGUvMjAyNi8wNC8yMy9ub3V2ZWwtYWNjb3JkLWZyYW5jby1icml0YW5uaXF1ZS1wb3VyLWVuZGlndWVyLWxlcy10cmF2ZXJzZWVzLWRlLW1pZ3JhbnRzLWVuLW1hbmNoZV82NjgyNDY0XzMyMTAuaHRtbD9zZWFyY2gtdHlwZT1jbGFzc2ljJmFtcDtpc2VfY2xpY2tfcmFuaz0yIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9vdXQiIHJlbD0iZXh0ZXJuYWwiPntOb3V2ZWwgYWNjb3JkIGZyYW5jby1icml0YW5uaXF1ZSBwb3VyIGVuZGlndWVyIGxlcyB0cmF2ZXJzw6llcyBkZSBtaWdyYW50cyBlbiBNYW5jaGV9PC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt; &#187;, le 23 avril 2025&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;La France et le Royaume-Uni ont trouv&#233; un terrain d'entente pour prolonger l'accord de coop&#233;ration visant &#224; emp&#234;cher les travers&#233;es dites &#171; irr&#233;guli&#232;res &#187; de la Manche (&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ2lzdGkub3JnL0lNRy9wZGYvYWNjb3JkX2ZyYW5jZS1yb3lhdW1ldW5pXzIwMTgucGRmIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9vdXQiIHJlbD0iZXh0ZXJuYWwiPnRyYWl0w6kgZGUgU2FuZGh1cnN0PC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, 2018)&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-17&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Le trait&#233; de Sandhurst pr&#233;voit que le Royaume-Uni finance une partie des (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh2-17&#034;&gt;17&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. Le Royaume-Uni fournira un financement qui pourra aller jusqu'&#224; 766 millions d'euros sur trois ans et qui comprend &#171; une partie flexible &#187;(186 millions d'euros), conditionn&#233;e &#224; l'efficacit&#233; des dispositions prises pour &#171; pr&#233;venir les tentatives de travers&#233;es &#187;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Cette d&#233;cision intervient apr&#232;s des mois de tensions, durant lesquels le Royaume-Uni avait insist&#233; pour que la France augmente les interceptions en mer des &#171; &lt;i&gt;small boats&lt;/i&gt; &#187; (petites embarcations utilis&#233;es pour les travers&#233;es de la Manche), faute de quoi il n'aurait pas renouvel&#233; ses financements&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-18&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir &#224; ce sujet InfoMigrants, &#171; &#187;, 1 avril 2026&#034; id=&#034;nh2-18&#034;&gt;18&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;La France s'y &#233;tait oppos&#233;e au d&#233;part,le Secr&#233;taire d'&#201;tat charg&#233; de la Mer, Xavier Ducept ayant soulign&#233; que les pratiques d'interception exig&#233;es par le Royaume-Uni risqueraient de violer le droit international et de mettre &#171; en danger la vie des personnes exil&#233;es et des agents fran&#231;ais &#187;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-19&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Ibidem&#034; id=&#034;nh2-19&#034;&gt;19&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;En effet, les interceptions par les forces de l'ordre fran&#231;aises pour ramener les exil&#233;.e.s vers le littoral fran&#231;ais (&lt;i&gt;pullback&lt;/i&gt;) - pour le compte du Royaume-Uni - constituent une forme de refoulement, une pratique contraire au droit international et attentatoire au droit d'asile. Mais de nombreux et violents &lt;i&gt;pullba&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;ck&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;s&lt;/i&gt; ont d&#233;j&#224; &#233;t&#233; document&#233;sdans le cadre des op&#233;rations fran&#231;aises de &#171; surveillance &#187; dans la Manche financ&#233;es par le Royaume-Uni&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-20&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir &#224; ce sujet The Guardian, &#171; &#187;, 23 mars 2026&#034; id=&#034;nh2-20&#034;&gt;20&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. De plus, les op&#233;rations polici&#232;res men&#233;es &#224; l'encontre des exil&#233;&#183;e&#183;s sur les c&#244;tes fran&#231;aises, dans le but d'entraver les d&#233;parts vers le R.U. (d&#233;mant&#232;lement violent de campements, utilisation de gaz lacrymog&#232;ne, saisie de biens personnels, agressions physiques), mettent en danger constant la s&#233;curit&#233;, les droits et la vie des exil&#233;&#183;e&#183;s&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-21&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir le report de Humans for Rights Network, &#171; &#187;, d&#233;cembre 2025&#034; id=&#034;nh2-21&#034;&gt;21&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;La France met donc de cot&#233; ses &#171; pr&#233;occupations &#187; concernant la vie des migrant&#183;e&#183;s et le respect du droit, au profit d'une coop&#233;ration meurtri&#232;re&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-22&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir &#224; ce sujet InfoMigrants, &#171; &#187;, 31 mars 2026&#034; id=&#034;nh2-22&#034;&gt;22&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; qui n'a cess&#233; de se renforcer au cours des vingt derni&#232;res ann&#233;es (accords du Touquet, accord &#171; One In, One Out &#187;).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_10&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=47&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;N&#233;gociations entre l'UE et les talibans&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;Euractiv, &#171; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly9ldXJhY3Rpdi5mci9uZXdzL2V4Y2x1c2lmLWJydXhlbGxlcy1kZXZyYWl0LWFjY3VlaWxsaXItbGVzLXRhbGliYW5zLXBvdXItZGVzLWRpc2N1c3Npb25zLXN1ci1sZXMtZXhwdWxzaW9ucy1kYWZnaGFucy8iIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX291dCIgcmVsPSJleHRlcm5hbCI+e0JydXhlbGxlcyBkZXZyYWl0IGFjY3VlaWxsaXIgbGVzIHRhbGliYW5zIHBvdXIgZGVzIGRpc2N1c3Npb25zIHN1ciBsZXMgZXhwdWxzaW9ucyBkJiM4MjE3O0FmZ2hhbnN9PC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt; &#187; , le 21 avril 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;L'Union europ&#233;enne s'appr&#234;te &#224; accueillir une d&#233;l&#233;gation de talibans afin de poursuivre les discussions sur l'expulsion de ressortissant&#183;e&#183;s afghan&#183;e&#183;s depuis le territoire europ&#233;en (janvier 2026)&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-23&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir &#224; ce sujet Euractiv, &#171; &#187;, 20 octobre 2025&#034; id=&#034;nh2-23&#034;&gt;23&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;, notamment en ce qui concerne la coop&#233;ration des autorit&#233;s afghanes dans le processus d'identification et la d&#233;livrance de documents de voyage.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Ces &#233;changes s'inscrivent dans un contexte de pressions croissantes de la part des gouvernements des &#201;tats membres en faveur de la mise en place d'un m&#233;canisme europ&#233;en visant &#224; coordonner les expulsions des Afghan&#183;e&#183;s d&#233;pourvu&#183;e&#183;s de droit au s&#233;jour ou condamn&#233;&#183;e&#183;s par la justice. En octobre 2025, 20 &#201;tats membres, &#224; l'initiative de la Belgique, avaient demand&#233; &#224; la Commission europ&#233;enne d'instaurer ce m&#233;canisme, et en f&#233;vrier 2026 l'Allemagne a &#233;t&#233; le premier pays europ&#233;en, depuis la prise de pouvoir des talibans (2021), &#224; proc&#233;der &#224; une expulsion directe vers l'Afghanistan&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-24&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir &#224; ce sujet InfoMigrants, &#171; &#187;,27 f&#233;vrier 2026&#034; id=&#034;nh2-24&#034;&gt;24&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Si l'UE s'&#233;tait jusqu'ici abrit&#233;e derri&#232;re la fiction des &#171; pays d'origine ou tiers s&#251;rs &#187; pour proc&#233;der &#224; des expulsions de personnes exil&#233;es, elle franchit aujourd'hui une &#233;tape suppl&#233;mentaire avec la proposition de r&#232;glement &#171; retour &#187;, pr&#233;voyant des expulsions vers tout pays tiers ayant conclu un accord formel ou informel avec un &#201;tat membre ou avec l'Union. Mais le texte de compromis adopt&#233; par le Parlement europ&#233;en le 26 mars 2026 pr&#233;voit en outre que&#171; toute communication [&lt;i&gt;a&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;vec les &#201;tats tiers &#224; des fins de r&#233;admission&lt;/i&gt;] ne pr&#233;juge en rien de la position de l'Union sur le statut des territoires ou des entit&#233;s concern&#233;s et ne saurait &#234;tre consid&#233;r&#233;e comme une reconnaissance, un soutien ou une validation de leur autorit&#233; ou de leur l&#233;gitimit&#233; &#187; (art. 37).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Pr&#233;sent&#233;es sous un angle pr&#233;tendument &#171; technique &#187;, ces discussions avec les talibans, dont l'UE reconna&#238;t elle-m&#234;me que le r&#233;gime a entra&#238;n&#233; une &#171; d&#233;gradation sensible (&#8230;) des droits de l'Homme pour la population afghane &#187;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-25&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir notamment la du Conseil de l'Union europ&#233;enne&#034; id=&#034;nh2-25&#034;&gt;25&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;, pourraient conduire &#224; une institutionnalisation de la violation du principe de non-refoulement et exposer les personnes concern&#233;es &#224; la torture, &#224; des traitements inhumains et d&#233;gradants, &#224; des ex&#233;cutions arbitraires, et &#224; d'autres graves violations de droits en Afghanistan.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class='spip_document_6037 spip_document spip_documents spip_document_file spip_documents_center spip_document_center spip_document_avec_legende' data-legende-len=&#034;28&#034; data-legende-lenx=&#034;&#034;
&gt;
&lt;figure class=&#034;spip_doc_inner&#034;&gt;
&lt;a href='https://migreurop.org/IMG/pdf/draft_revue_de_presse_avril_2026.pdf' class=&#034; spip_doc_lien&#034; title='PDF - 260.1 kio' type=&#034;application/pdf&#034;&gt;&lt;img src='https://migreurop.org/local/cache-vignettes/L500xH500/4-6-66386.png?1778488618' width='500' height='500' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;figcaption class='spip_doc_legende'&gt; &lt;div class='spip_doc_titre '&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Revue de presse avril 2026
&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/figcaption&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;hr /&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_notes'&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-1&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-1&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-1&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;Voir &#224; ce sujet Migreurop, &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly9taWdyZXVyb3Aub3JnL2FydGljbGUzNTcxLmh0bWw/bGFuZ19hcnRpY2xlPWZyIj4mIzE3MTsmbmJzcDtSZXZ1ZSBkZSBwcmVzc2UgbWFycyAyMDI2Jm5ic3A7JiMxODc7PC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, 8 avril 2026&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-2&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-2&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-2&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;Voir &#224; ce sujet Migreurop, &#171; &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly9taWdyZXVyb3Aub3JnL2FydGljbGUzNTY1Lmh0bWw/bGFuZ19hcnRpY2xlPWZyIj4mbmJzcDtMZXMgw4l0YXRzIGR1IE1hZ2hyZWIgZXQgZGUgbOKAmVVuaW9uIGV1cm9ww6llbm5lIGNvdXBhYmxlcyBkZSB2aW9sYXRpb25zIHN5c3TDqW1hdGlxdWVzIGR1IGRyb2l0IGludGVybmF0aW9uYWwgZXQgZGUgY3JpbWVzIGNvbnRyZSBs4oCZaHVtYW5pdMOpPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &#187;, 7 avril 2026.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-3&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-3&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-3&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;Voir &#224; ce sujet Myria, &#171; &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubXlyaWEuYmUvZnIvcHVibGljYXRpb25zL2xvaS1zdXItbGVzLXZpc2l0ZXMtZG9taWNpbGlhaXJlcy1kZXMtY29uZGl0aW9ucy12YWd1ZXMtZXQtcGV1LWRlLWdhcmFudGllcyIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfb3V0IiByZWw9ImV4dGVybmFsIj4mbmJzcDtMb2kgc3VyIGxlcyB2aXNpdGVzIGRvbWljaWxpYWlyZXPigK8mbmJzcDs6IGRlcyBjb25kaXRpb25zIHZhZ3VlcyBldCBwZXUgZGUgZ2FyYW50aWU8L2E+'&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &#187; , 30 juillet 2025 et Cir&#233;, &#171; &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuY2lyZS5iZS9jZWNpLW5lc3QtcGFzLXVuZS1maWN0aW9uLyIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfb3V0IiByZWw9ImV4dGVybmFsIj4mbmJzcDtDZWNpIG4mIzgyMTc7ZXN0IHBhcyB1bmUgZmljdGlvbiwgYyYjODIxNztlc3QgdW4gcHJvamV0IGRlIGxvaSZuYnNwOyE8L2E+'&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &#187;, 27 novembre 2025&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-4&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-4&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-4&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;Ibidem&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-5&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-5&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-5&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;5&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;Voir &#224; ce sujet Migreurop, &#171; &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly9taWdyZXVyb3Aub3JnL2FydGljbGUzNTUxLmh0bWw/bGFuZ19hcnRpY2xlPWZyI291dGlsX3NvbW1haXJlXzkiPlJldnVlIGRlIHByZXNzZSBmw6l2cmllciAyMDI2PC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &#187;, 10 mars 2026, sur le r&#232;glement &#171; retour &#187;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-6&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-6&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-6&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;6&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;Voir notamment Amnesty International, &#171; &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYW1uZXN0eS5mci93cC1jb250ZW50L3VwbG9hZHMvMjAyNS8wNi9hQTgzRHZJcVJMZGFCcUl4X1JhcHBvcnRBbm51ZWxBSTIwMjQtMjAyNS5wZGYiIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX291dCIgcmVsPSJleHRlcm5hbCI+Jm5ic3A7TGEgc2l0dWF0aW9uIGRlcyBkcm9pdHMgaHVtYWlucyBkYW5zIGxlIG1vbmRlJm5ic3A7PC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &#187;, avril 2025, pages 91-94&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-7&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-7&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-7&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;7&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;Ibidem&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-8&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-8&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-8&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;8&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;Voir &#224; ce sujet Lighthouse Reports, &#171; &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubGlnaHRob3VzZXJlcG9ydHMuY29tL2ludmVzdGlnYXRpb24vd2Utd2VyZS1zbGF2ZXMvIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9vdXQiIHJlbD0iZXh0ZXJuYWwiPiYjODIyMDtXZSB3ZXJlIHNsYXZlcyYjODIyMTs8L2E+'&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &#187;, 28 juin 2022 ; ou encore Human Rights Watch, &#171; &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuaHJ3Lm9yZy9yZXBvcnQvMjAyMi8wNC8wNy90aGVpci1mYWNlcy13ZXJlLWNvdmVyZWQvZ3JlZWNlcy11c2UtbWlncmFudHMtcG9saWNlLWF1eGlsaWFyaWVzLXB1c2hiYWNrcyIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfb3V0IiByZWw9ImV4dGVybmFsIj4mbmJzcDsmIzgyMjA7VGhlaXIgRmFjZXMgV2VyZSBDb3ZlcmVkJiM4MjIxOy4gR3JlZWNl4oCZcyBVc2Ugb2YgTWlncmFudHMgYXMgUG9saWNlIEF1eGlsaWFyaWVzIGluIFB1c2hiYWNrczwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &#187;, 7 avril 2022&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-9&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-9&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-9&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;9&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;Voir notamment le communiqu&#233; de presse de l'association nationale des magistrat&#183;e&#183;s italien&#183;ne&#183;s (ANM) , &#171; &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYXNzb2NpYXppb25lbWFnaXN0cmF0aS5pdC9kb2MvNTA3Ny9zaWN1cmV6emEtc2NvbmNlcnRvLXBlci1hdHRhY2NvLWEtZGlyaXR0by1kaS1kaWZlc2EuaHRtIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9vdXQiIHJlbD0iZXh0ZXJuYWwiPkRlY3JldG8gU2ljdXJlenphJm5ic3A7OiBzY29uY2VydG8gcGVyIGF0dGFjY28gYSBkaXJpdHRvIGRpIGRpZmVzYTwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &#187;, 18 avril 2026&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-10&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-10&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-10&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;10&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;Pour en savoir plus, lire le communiqu&#233; de Migreurop, &#171; &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly9taWdyZXVyb3Aub3JnL2FydGljbGUzMjMwLmh0bWwiPlByb3RvY29sZSBk4oCZYWNjb3JkIEl0YWxpZS9BbGJhbmllIHN1ciBsZXMgbWlncmF0aW9ucyZuYnNwOzogdW5lIGNvb3DDqXJhdGlvbiB0cmFuc2Zyb250acOocmUgY29udHJhaXJlIGF1IGRyb2l0IGludGVybmF0aW9uYWw8L2E+'&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &#187;, 13 f&#233;vrier 2024&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-11&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-11&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-11&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;11&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;Voir la d&#233;claration du Commissaire aux droits de l'Homme du Conseil de l'Europe, &#171; &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuY29lLmludC9mci93ZWIvY29tbWlzc2lvbmVyLy0vaXRhbHktYWxiYW5pYS1hZ3JlZW1lbnQtYWRkcy10by13b3JyeWluZy1ldXJvcGVhbi10cmVuZC10b3dhcmRzLWV4dGVybmFsaXNpbmctYXN5bHVtLXByb2NlZHVyZXMiIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX291dCIgcmVsPSJleHRlcm5hbCI+TCYjODIxNzthY2NvcmQgZW50cmUgbCYjODIxNztJdGFsaWUgZXQgbCYjODIxNztBbGJhbmllIGNvbmZpcm1lIGzigJlpbnF1acOpdGFudGUgdGVuZGFuY2UgZXVyb3DDqWVubmUgw6AgZXh0ZXJuYWxpc2VyIGxlcyBwcm9jw6lkdXJlcyBkJiM4MjE3O2FzaWxlPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &#187;, 13 novembre 2023&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-12&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-12&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-12&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;12&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;Voir notamment Stop de Asielwetten, &#171; &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly9zdG9wZGVhc2llbHdldHRlbi5ubC9hY3R1ZWVsL25pZXV3cy9zdHJhZmJhYXJzdGVsbGluZy12YW4tdGFmZWwiIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX291dCIgcmVsPSJleHRlcm5hbCI+Jm5ic3A7RWVuIGJpdHRlcnpvZXRlIG92ZXJ3aW5uaW5nJm5ic3A7OiBTdHJhZmJhYXJzdGVsbGluZyB2YW4gdGFmZWwmbmJzcDs8L2E+'&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &#187;, 21 avril 2026&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-13&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-13&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-13&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;13&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;Voir &#224; ce sujet Refugee Help, &#171; &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cucmVmdWdlZWhlbHAubmwvZW4vYXN5bHVtLXNlZWtlci9uZXdzLzEwMDUxNy1ob3VzZS1vZi1yZXByZXNlbnRhdGl2ZXMtYWdyZWVzLXRvLXN0cmljdGVyLWxhd3Mtb24tYXN5bHVtLW5vdy10aGUtc2VuYXRlLW11c3QtZGVjaWRlIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9vdXQiIHJlbD0iZXh0ZXJuYWwiPkhvdXNlIG9mIFJlcHJlc2VudGF0aXZlcyBhZ3JlZXMgdG8gc3RyaWN0ZXIgbGF3cyBvbiBhc3lsdW0mbmJzcDs6IG5vdyB0aGUgU2VuYXRlIG11c3QgZGVjaWRlPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &#187;, 23 d&#233;cembre 2025&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-14&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-14&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-14&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;14&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;La suspension du droit d'asile a ensuite &#233;t&#233; prolong&#233;e quatre fois en 2025 e une fois en 2026.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-15&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-15&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-15&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;15&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;Voir notamment le rapport conjoint &#171; &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iZmlsZTovLy9DOi9Vc2Vycy9hZG1pbi9Eb3dubG9hZHMvUHVzaGJhY2tzIFJlcG9ydCAyMDI1LnBkZiIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfb3V0Ij5CZWF0ZW4gYmFjayBhdCBFdXJvcGXigJlzIGJvcmRlcnMgLSAyMDI1IGFubnVhbCByZXBvcnQgb24gcHVzaGJhY2tzJm5ic3A7PC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &#187;,f&#233;vrier 2026, pages 11-13.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-16&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-16&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-16&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;16&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;Selon le rapport de l'Office des Nations Unies contre la drogue et le crime, &#171; &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudW5vZGMub3JnL2RvY3VtZW50cy9kYXRhLWFuZC1hbmFseXNpcy9nbG9zb20vR0xPU09NXzIwMThfd2ViX3NtYWxsLnBkZiIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfb3V0IiByZWw9ImV4dGVybmFsIj5HbG9iYWwgc3R1ZHkgb24gc211Z2dsaW5nIG9mIG1pZ3JhbnRzPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &#187;, juin 2018, la demande de services de facilitation est d&#233;termin&#233;e surtout par la limitation des voies dites &#171; l&#233;gales &#187; d'acc&#232;s &#224; certaines territoires.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-17&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-17&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-17&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;17&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;Le trait&#233; de Sandhurst pr&#233;voit que le Royaume-Uni finance une partie des actions men&#233;es par la France pour &#171; s&#233;curiser &#187; les plages fran&#231;aises, la fronti&#232;re franco-britannique &#233;tant situ&#233;e sur le sol fran&#231;ais. Depuis sa signature en 2018 et jusqu'ici, le Royaume-Uni a vers&#233; environ 540 millions d'euros &#224; la France.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-18&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-18&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-18&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;18&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;Voir &#224; ce sujet InfoMigrants, &#171; &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuaW5mb21pZ3JhbnRzLm5ldC9mci9wb3N0LzcwNjY1L3RyYXZlcnNlZXMtZGUtbGEtbWFuY2hlLS1sb25kcmVzLWV0LXBhcmlzLXByb2xvbmdlbnQtZGUtZGV1eC1tb2lzLXNldWxlbWVudC1sZXVyLWFjY29yZC1wb3VyLXNlY3VyaXNlci1sYS1mcm9udGllcmUiIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX291dCIgcmVsPSJleHRlcm5hbCI+VHJhdmVyc8OpZXMgZGUgbGEgTWFuY2hlJm5ic3A7OiBMb25kcmVzIGV0IFBhcmlzIHByb2xvbmdlbnQgZGUgZGV1eCBtb2lzIHNldWxlbWVudCBsZXVyIGFjY29yZCBwb3VyIHPDqWN1cmlzZXIgbGEgZnJvbnRpw6hyZTwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &#187;, 1 avril 2026&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-19&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-19&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-19&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;19&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;Ibidem&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-20&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-20&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-20&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;20&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;Voir &#224; ce sujet The Guardian, &#171; &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudGhlZ3VhcmRpYW4uY29tL3VrLW5ld3MvMjAyNC9tYXIvMjMvdWstZnVuZGluZy1mcmVuY2gtbWlncmFudHMtc21hbGwtYm9hdC1ib3JkZXItZm9yY2VzIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9vdXQiIHJlbD0iZXh0ZXJuYWwiPiZuYnNwO1JldmVhbGVkJm5ic3A7OiBVSy1mdW5kZWQgRnJlbmNoIGZvcmNlcyBwdXR0aW5nIG1pZ3JhbnRz4oCZIGxpdmVzIGF0IHJpc2sgd2l0aCBzbWFsbC1ib2F0IHRhY3RpY3M8L2E+'&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &#187;, 23 mars 2026&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-21&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-21&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-21&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;21&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;Voir le report de Humans for Rights Network, &#171; &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuaHVtYW5zZm9ycmlnaHRzLm9yZy9zdGF0ZS12aW9sZW5jZSIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfb3V0IiByZWw9ImV4dGVybmFsIj5Zb3UgY2Fu4oCZdCBzdGF5IGJ1dCB5b3UgY2Fu4oCZdCBnbyAtIFN0YXRlIHZpb2xlbmNlIGF0IHRoZSBVSy1GcmFuY2UgYm9yZGVyPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &#187;, d&#233;cembre 2025&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-22&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-22&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-22&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;22&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;Voir &#224; ce sujet InfoMigrants, &#171; &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuaW5mb21pZ3JhbnRzLm5ldC9mci9wb3N0LzcwNjE2L2xlLXJlbmZvcmNlbWVudC1kZXMtY29udHJvbGVzLXBvbGljaWVycy1yZW5kLWxhLXRyYXZlcnNlZS1kZS1sYS1tYW5jaGUtcGx1cy1tb3J0ZWxsZS1zZWxvbi1kZXMtY2hlcmNoZXVycyIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfb3V0IiByZWw9ImV4dGVybmFsIj5MZSByZW5mb3JjZW1lbnQgZGVzIGNvbnRyw7RsZXMgcG9saWNpZXJzIHJlbmQgbGEgdHJhdmVyc8OpZSBkZSBsYSBNYW5jaGUgcGx1cyBtb3J0ZWxsZSwgc2Vsb24gZGVzIGNoZXJjaGV1cnM8L2E+'&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &#187;, 31 mars 2026&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-23&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-23&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-23&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;23&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;Voir &#224; ce sujet Euractiv, &#171; &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly9ldXJhY3Rpdi5mci9uZXdzL21pZ3JhdGlvbnMtbGEtY29tbWlzc2lvbi1ldXJvcGVlbm5lLWFubm9uY2UtcXVlLWRlcy1kaXNjdXNzaW9ucy1hdmVjLWxlcy10YWxpYmFucy1zdXItbGVzLXJldG91cnMtc29udC1lbi1jb3Vycy8iIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX291dCIgcmVsPSJleHRlcm5hbCI+TWlncmF0aW9ucyZuYnNwOzogbGEgQ29tbWlzc2lvbiBldXJvcMOpZW5uZSBhbm5vbmNlIHF1ZSBkZXMgZGlzY3Vzc2lvbnMgYXZlYyBsZXMgdGFsaWJhbnMgc3VyIGxlcyByZXRvdXJzIHNvbnQgZW4gY291cnM8L2E+'&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &#187;, 20 octobre 2025&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-24&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-24&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-24&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;24&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;Voir &#224; ce sujet InfoMigrants, &#171; &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuaW5mb21pZ3JhbnRzLm5ldC9mci9wb3N0LzcwMDkxL2xhbGxlbWFnbmUtZXhwdWxzZS0yMC1jcmltaW5lbHMtYWZnaGFucy12ZXJzLWthYm91bCIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfb3V0IiByZWw9ImV4dGVybmFsIj5M4oCZQWxsZW1hZ25lIGV4cHVsc2UgMjAgY3JpbWluZWxzIGFmZ2hhbnMgdmVycyBLYWJvdWwmbmJzcDs8L2E+'&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &#187;,27 f&#233;vrier 2026&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-25&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-25&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-25&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;25&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;Voir notamment la &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuY29uc2lsaXVtLmV1cm9wYS5ldS9mci9wb2xpY2llcy9hZmdoYW5pc3Rhbi1ldS1yZXNwb25zZS8iIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX291dCIgcmVsPSJleHRlcm5hbCI+ZmljaGUgZGUgbOKAmUFmZ2hhbmlzdGFuPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; du Conseil de l'Union europ&#233;enne&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		</content:encoded>


		

	</item>
<item xml:lang="en">
		<title>Poland</title>
		<link>https://migreurop.org/article1987.html</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://migreurop.org/article1987.html</guid>
		<dc:date>2011-07-05T08:12:46Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>en</dc:language>
		


		<dc:subject>Pologne</dc:subject>

		<description>
&lt;p&gt;Generalities &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Poland has extensive borders that are difficult to control. As a result, it has had to make real efforts in terms of border controls in order to become a member of the European Union (1st May 2004) and Schengen (31st December 2007). &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Migrants that enter Poland are largely seasonal migrants from ex-Soviet countries (Ukraine, Bielorussia) who are searching for work in the agriculture and building sectors or asylum seekers from the Russian federation (Chechnya, Ingushy). For (&#8230;)&lt;/p&gt;


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&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot47.html" rel="tag"&gt;Pologne&lt;/a&gt;

		</description>


 <content:encoded>&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Generalities&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Poland has extensive borders that are difficult to control. As a result, it has had to make real efforts in terms of border controls in order to become a member of the European Union (1st May 2004) and Schengen (31st December 2007).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Migrants that enter Poland are largely seasonal migrants from ex-Soviet countries (Ukraine, Bielorussia) who are searching for work in the agriculture and building sectors or asylum seekers from the Russian federation (Chechnya, Ingushy). For these asylum seekers, Poland is considered as a transit country on their way to countries further West. However, it could become a host country as a result of the consequences of the implementation of Dublin II and of the increasing needs of workforce in some sectors of Polish economy.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Law on Foreigners&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;As part of its EU accession process, Poland has been changing its national legislation in compliance with EU requirements. The main laws about foreigners are the following laws, ratified on 13 June 2003:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt; Law on Foreigners&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3-1&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Act on Aliens of 13 June 2003 (Journal of Laws of 2003, No 128, it. 1175)&#034; id=&#034;nh3-1&#034;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt; Asylum Law&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3-2&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Act of 13 June 2003 on granting protection to aliens within the territory of (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh3-2&#034;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;These laws were recently modified by a law that entered into force on 29 May 2008&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3-3&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; id=&#034;nh3-3&#034;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; (the changes made were not added to the English version of the 2003 Laws). The authority in charge of entry and sojourn of foreigners and asylum is the Foreigners' Office&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3-4&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; id=&#034;nh3-4&#034;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;, placed under the authority of the Ministry of Interior. Figures are available on the Foreigners' Office website (&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy51ZHNjLmdvdi5wbC9TdGF0aXN0aWNzLDI3NS5odG1sIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9vdXQiIHJlbD0iZXh0ZXJuYWwiPmh0dHA6Ly93d3cudWRzYy5nb3YucGwvU3RhdGlzdGljcywyNzUuaHRtbDwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;) and on the government's website: &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuc2cuZ292LnBsIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9vdXQiIHJlbD0iZXh0ZXJuYWwiPnd3dy5zZy5nb3YucGw8L2E+'&gt;&lt;/span&gt; (statistics on removals).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Asylum&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;There are currently two types of protection in Poland&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3-5&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;About the procedure and social aid delivered to asylum seekers:&#034; id=&#034;nh3-5&#034;&gt;5&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;: refugee status and &#8220;tolerated stay&#8221; (pobyt tolerowany) which was renamed &#8220;complementary protection&#8221; under the 2008 law. Before that, most asylum seekers were granted a &#8220;tolerated stay&#8221; valid for a year which did not allow them to have access to integration programmes benefiting only status refugees. The 2008 law was supposed to respond to these shortcomings by transforming &#8220;tolerated stay&#8221; into &#8220;complementary protection&#8221;, enabling asylum seekers to have access to these integration programmes. However, Polish organisations assisting asylum seekers have expressed their doubts regarding this right to access in practice.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Asylum seekers are usually accommodated in open centres specifically designed for this purpose&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3-6&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;for more information please se Annexe 1 : Name, typology and capacity of the (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh3-6&#034;&gt;6&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. However, they are sometimes detained, particularly those who have been sent back to Poland in application of Dublin II. Single men are often detained, but families can be too, and the opening of four guarded foreigners' centres with family facilities in 2008 will most likely increase the use of detention of asylum seekers.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Detention, confinement&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;According to articles 40 to 42 of the Foreigners Law (articles 87 to 89 since the implementation of the new law)&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3-7&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; id=&#034;nh3-7&#034;&gt;7&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;, anyone illegally crossing the border shall be detained. The maximum length of detention is 12 months.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;There are two types of detention centres for foreigners&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3-8&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;For more information, see Annexe 1 : Name, typology centres capacity ; (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh3-8&#034;&gt;8&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt; &#8220;Guarded Centres for Aliens&#8221; which are under the authority of the Border Police. Until 2008, there was only one centre of this type, the Lezslowola centre, which can hold 132 people and has facilities for families. Recently, Polish authorities built four new centres of this kind with the financial support of the European Union.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt; Removal centres that are under the authority of the police or the border police.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;These centres are usually used for detaining foreigners under certain conditions (if there is a fear for example that the foreigner will not respect the rules that apply in guarded centres. In practice, foreigners are detained in removal centres or guarded centers without distinction, on the basis of where there is space.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Living conditions in these detention centres are very poor, especially in removal centres where migrants are kept in very small cells. Their liberty is seriously restricted and the rules applied are identical to those applied in prisons: access to outside facilities and right of visit limited, risk of solitary confinement, absence of recreational activities&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3-9&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;For more information, See Country report-Poland-December 2007 : &#171; Conditions (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh3-9&#034;&gt;9&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Detainees are very isolated and their access to the outside world is very limited. Access to information on their rights and right to legal assistance are insufficient, especially in centres that are not visited by Polish NGOs providing legal assistance.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The organisations Halina Niec Human Rights Association&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3-10&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Halina Niec Human Rights Association. Krak&#243;w 31-136, ul. Sobieskiego 7/3 - (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh3-10&#034;&gt;10&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;and Helsinki Foundation for Human Rights Helsinki Foundation for Human Rights.&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3-11&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Warszawa 00-018, ul. Zgoda 11 - tel : (22) 828 69 96, 828 10 08, 556 44 40 - (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh3-11&#034;&gt;11&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;conduct visits in some detention centres for migrants but they don't have the capacity to go to every centre.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In theory, detainees should have the right to have access to telephone but because this access can only be guaranteed upon purchase of telephone cards, it is in practice limited.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;There is some medical assistance in these centres but it is considered by Polish NGOs as seriously insufficient. There is no mental health counselling.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Situation of minors&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Minors can be detained with their family in guarded centres for foreigners. Unaccompanied minors are not usually detained but accommodated in open centres (in two orphanages based in Warsaw) in a special unit for unaccompanied minors.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Readmission agreements&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Poland signed the following readmission agreements&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3-12&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See list of readmission agreement signed by Poland on Mirem website:&#034; id=&#034;nh3-12&#034;&gt;12&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; :&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
With EU countries: Germany (01/05/1991); Austria (30/05/2005); Belgium (01/05/1991); Bulgaria (04/02/1994); Spain (23/06/2004); Greece (05/05/1996); Hungary (05/08/1995); Ireland (12/05/2001).&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Signed agreement but not implement yet: Lithuania (08/01/2000); Luxemburg (01/05/1991); Holland (01/05/1991); Czech Republic (30/10/1993); Romania (19/01/1994); Slovakia (12/11/1993); Slovenia (06/04/1998); Sweden (09/04/1999); Switzerland (31/03/2006);&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
With Central and Eastern European countries: Russia (15/02/1961: ex-USSR); Ukraine (10/04/1994); Croatia (27/05/1995); Macedonia, Moldova (28/05/1995).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bibliography&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;On Right to Asylum : &#171; Les gens de Dublin II &#187; - Cimade 2008 &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy5jaW1hZGUub3JnL3B1YmxpY2F0aW9ucy8yNCIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfb3V0IiByZWw9ImV4dGVybmFsIj5odHRwOi8vd3d3LmNpbWFkZS5vcmcvcHVibGljYXRpb25zLzI0PC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Etude pour le Parlement europ&#233;en sur les &#171; Conditions des ressortissants de pays tiers retenus dans des centres (camps de d&#233;tention, centres ouverts, ainsi que des zones de transit), d&#233;cembre 2007.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Country Report Poland: &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy5jaW1hZGUub3JnL3VwbG9hZHMvRmlsZS9hZG1pbi9SYXBwb3J0XyUyMFBvbG9nbmUucGRmIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9vdXQiIHJlbD0iZXh0ZXJuYWwiPmh0dHA6Ly93d3cuY2ltYWRlLm9yZy91cGxvYWRzL0ZpbGUvYWRtaW4vUmFwcG9ydF8lMjBQb2xvZ25lLnBkZjwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Projet de rapport de la d&#233;l&#233;gation de la Commission des libert&#233;s civiles, de la justice et des affaires int&#233;rieures du Parlement Europ&#233;en concernant sa visite en Pologne - RAPPORTEUR: Wolfgang KREISSL-D&#214;RFLER - Avril 2008.&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
DAKIN, Lloyd, Etre r&#233;fugi&#233; (Byc uchodzca), UNHCR Europe Centrale - Budapest ao&#251;t 2007.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Detention country profile Poland: &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy5nbG9iYWxkZXRlbnRpb25wcm9qZWN0Lm9yZy9jb3VudHJpZXMvZXVyb3BlL3BvbGFuZC9pbnRyb2R1Y3Rpb24uaHRtbCIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfb3V0IiByZWw9ImV4dGVybmFsIj5odHRwOi8vd3d3Lmdsb2JhbGRldGVudGlvbnByb2plY3Qub3JnL2NvdW50cmllcy9ldXJvcGUvcG9sYW5kL2ludHJvZHVjdGlvbi5odG1sPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Contacts&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;UNHCR Representation in Poland&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Warszawa 00-556, Al. R&#243;&#380; 2 &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
tel: (22) 628 69 30, 625 61 46; fax: (22) 625 61 24 &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
e-mail: &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0ibWFpbHRvOnBvbHdhQHVuaGNyLm9yZyIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfbWFpbCI+cG9sd2FAdW5oY3Iub3JnPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy51bmhjci1ycmJwLm9yZy9wb2xhbmQvaW5kZXgucGhwIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9vdXQiIHJlbD0iZXh0ZXJuYWwiPmh0dHA6Ly93d3cudW5oY3ItcnJicC5vcmcvcG9sYW5kL2luZGV4LnBocDwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Polish Authorities&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Office for Repatriation and Aliens &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Warszawa 00-564, ul. Koszykowa 16 &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
tel: 601 74 01/02/03; fax: (22) 601 74 13&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudXJpYy5nb3YucGwiIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX291dCIgcmVsPSJleHRlcm5hbCI+d3d3LnVyaWMuZ292LnBsPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Refugee Board &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Warszawa 00-556, Aleja R&#243;&#380; 2,&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
tel. (22) 52 00 421, fax: (22) 520 04 22&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iZS1tYWlsOiByZWZib2FyZEBrcHJtLmdvdi5wbCI+ZS1tYWlsOiByZWZib2FyZEBrcHJtLmdvdi5wbDwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Ombudsman&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Al. Solidarnosci 77, 00-090 Warszawa &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
(22) 827 42 02, 55 17 700; fax: (22) 827 64 53 &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
e-mail: &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0ibWFpbHRvOmJycG9pbmZAYnJwby5nb3YucGwiIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX21haWwiPmJycG9pbmZAYnJwby5nb3YucGw8L2E+'&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYnJwby5nb3YucGwiIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX291dCIgcmVsPSJleHRlcm5hbCI+d3d3LmJycG8uZ292LnBsPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The Commanding Officer in Chief of Borderguards&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Warszawa 00-562, ul.Koszykowa 16 &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuc2cuZ292LnBsIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9vdXQiIHJlbD0iZXh0ZXJuYWwiPnd3dy5zZy5nb3YucGw8L2E+'&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
International Organizations &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
International Organization for Migration (IOM)&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Warszawa 00-831, ul. Twarda 44/24&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
tel: 652 03 57; fax: 620 67 82&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Non-governmental Organizations assisting refugees&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Polish Humanitarian Organization&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Counseling Center for Refugees&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Warszawa 00-031, ul. Szpitalna 5/3&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
tel: (22) 828 88 82; &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
fax: (22) 831 99 38, 828 88 82 w.217 &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
e-mail: &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0ibWFpbHRvOnVjaG9AcGFoLm9yZy5wbCIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfbWFpbCI+dWNob0BwYWgub3JnLnBsPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; This email address is being protected from spam bots, you need Javascript enabled to view it &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cucGFoLm9yZy5wbC91Y2hvZHpjeSIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfb3V0IiByZWw9ImV4dGVybmFsIj53d3cucGFoLm9yZy5wbC91Y2hvZHpjeTwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Halina Niec Human Rights Association&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Krak&#243;w 31-136, ul. Sobieskiego 7/3&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
tel/fax: (12) 633 72 23&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
e-mail: &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0ibWFpbHRvOm9mZmljZUBuaWVjYXNzb2NpYXRpb24ub3JnIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9tYWlsIj5vZmZpY2VAbmllY2Fzc29jaWF0aW9uLm9yZzwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubmllY2Fzc29jaWF0aW9uLm9yZyIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfb3V0IiByZWw9ImV4dGVybmFsIj53d3cubmllY2Fzc29jaWF0aW9uLm9yZzwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Helsinki Foundation for Human Rights&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Warszawa 00-018, ul. Zgoda 11&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
tel: (22) 828 69 96, 828 10 08, 556 44 40&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
dzia&#322; uchod&#378;c&#243;w: (22) 556 44 66&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
fax: (22) 828 69 96, 556 44 50 lub 51&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
e-mail:&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0ibWFpbHRvOnNla3JldGFyaWF0QGhmaHJwb2wud2F3LnBsIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9tYWlsIj5zZWtyZXRhcmlhdEBoZmhycG9sLndhdy5wbDwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuaGZocnBvbC53YXcucGwiIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX291dCIgcmVsPSJleHRlcm5hbCI+d3d3LmhmaHJwb2wud2F3LnBsPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Caritas Polska - Centers for Migrants and Refugees&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Bia&#322;ystok 43-200, ul. Warszawska 32&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
tel/fax: (85) 732 55 53&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
e-mail: &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0ibWFpbHRvOm1pZ3JhbnRAb3Bva2Eub3JnLnBsIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9tYWlsIj5taWdyYW50QG9wb2thLm9yZy5wbDwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Lublin 20-950, ul. Prymasa Stefana Wyszy&#324;skiego 2 tel: (81) 743 71 86 &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
e-mail: &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0ibWFpbHRvOm1pZ3JhbmNpQGt1cmlhLmx1Ymxpbi5wbCIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfbWFpbCI+bWlncmFuY2lAa3VyaWEubHVibGluLnBsPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Wroc&#322;aw 50-329, pl. Katedralny 7&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
tel/fax: (71) 322 17 15 &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
e-mail: &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0ibWFpbHRvOndyb2NsYXdAY2FyaXRhcy5wbCIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfbWFpbCI+d3JvY2xhd0BjYXJpdGFzLnBsPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Zgorzelec 59-900, ul. Ksi&#281;dza Doma&#324;skiego 12&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
tel: (75) 771 65 61&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
e-mail: &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0ibWFpbHRvOm1pZ3JhbnRAYWxwaGEubmV0LnBsIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9tYWlsIj5taWdyYW50QGFscGhhLm5ldC5wbDwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuY2FyaXRhcy5wbCIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfb3V0IiByZWw9ImV4dGVybmFsIj53d3cuY2FyaXRhcy5wbDwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Refugee Association in Poland&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Tel. (22) 839 09 27, 825 54 26&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
e-mail: &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0ibWFpbHRvOmFzc3JlZkBob3RtYWlsLmNvbSIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfbWFpbCI+YXNzcmVmQGhvdG1haWwuY29tPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Polish Red Cross&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Warszawa 00-561, ul. Mokotowska 14 &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
tel: (22) 628 55 75, fax: (22) 628 41 68 &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
e-mail: &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0ibWFpbHRvOmluZm9AcGNrLm9yZy5wbCIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfbWFpbCI+aW5mb0BwY2sub3JnLnBsPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cucGNrLm9yZy5wbCIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfb3V0IiByZWw9ImV4dGVybmFsIj53d3cucGNrLm9yZy5wbDwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Human Rights Center at the Jagiellonian University's Legal Clinic &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Krak&#243;w 30-033, Al. Zygmunta Krasi&#324;skiego 18&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
tel/fax: (12) 633 37 96&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
tel./fax (12) 430 19 97&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
e-mail: &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0ibWFpbHRvOnBvcmFkbmlhX3ByYXduYUBpbnRlcmlhLnBsIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9tYWlsIj5wb3JhZG5pYV9wcmF3bmFAaW50ZXJpYS5wbDwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; or &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0ibWFpbHRvOmJpdXJvQGp1aHJjLm9yZyIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfbWFpbCI+Yml1cm9AanVocmMub3JnPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Human Rights Center of the Jagiellonian University&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
30-101 Krak&#243;w, Al. Zygmunta Krasi&#324;skiego 18&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
tel./fax 012 427 24 80&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
e-mail: &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0ibWFpbHRvOmJpdXJvQGp1aHJjLm9yZyIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfbWFpbCI+Yml1cm9AanVocmMub3JnPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cub3BjLnVqLmVkdS5wbCIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfb3V0IiByZWw9ImV4dGVybmFsIj53d3cub3BjLnVqLmVkdS5wbDwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Legal Clinic &#183; Faculty of Law at Warsaw University&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Warszawa 00-071, Krakowskie Przedmie&#347;cie 26/28&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Tel.: (22) 552 08 11 tel./fax: (22) 552 43 18&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
e-mail: &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0ibWFpbHRvOmtsaW5pa2FAd3BpYS51dy5lZHUucGwiIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX21haWwiPmtsaW5pa2FAd3BpYS51dy5lZHUucGw8L2E+'&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&#034;One World&#034; Association&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Pozna&#324; 60-830, ul. Krasi&#324;skiego 3a/1&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
tel: (61) 848 43 38 fax: (61) 848 43 37&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
e-mail: &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0ibWFpbHRvOmluZm9AamVkZW5zd2lhdC5vcmcucGwiIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX21haWwiPmluZm9AamVkZW5zd2lhdC5vcmcucGw8L2E+'&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuamVkZW5zd2lhdC5vcmcucGwiIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX291dCIgcmVsPSJleHRlcm5hbCI+d3d3LmplZGVuc3dpYXQub3JnLnBsPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Amnesty International&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
ul. Pi&#281;kna 66A, 00-672 Warszawa &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Tel/fax (22) 827 60 00&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
e-mail: &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0ibWFpbHRvOmFtbmVzdHlAYW1uZXN0eS5vcmcucGwiIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX21haWwiPmFtbmVzdHlAYW1uZXN0eS5vcmcucGw8L2E+'&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYW1uZXN0eS5vcmcucGwiIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX291dCIgcmVsPSJleHRlcm5hbCI+d3d3LmFtbmVzdHkub3JnLnBsPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Polish Medical Mission&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Ul. Rejtana 2, 30-510 Krak&#243;w&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
tel. (12) 293 40 50, fax (12) 293 40 55&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Nobody's Children Foundation&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Ul. Walecznych 59, 03-926 Warszawa&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Tel. (22) 616 02 68, fax: (22) 616 03 14&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
e-mail: &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0ibWFpbHRvOmZkbkBmZG4ucGwiIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX21haWwiPmZkbkBmZG4ucGw8L2E+'&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZmRuLnBsIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9vdXQiIHJlbD0iZXh0ZXJuYWwiPnd3dy5mZG4ucGw8L2E+'&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Migrant's Centre&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Ul. Ostrobramska 98, 04-118 Warszawa&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Tel. (22) 610 02 52 &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0ibWFpbHRvOm9zcm9kZWtAbWlncmFudC5wbCIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfbWFpbCI+b3Nyb2Rla0BtaWdyYW50LnBsPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sophie Baylac - 2009&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Translated by Isabelle Caillol-2011&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;hr /&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_notes'&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3-1&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3-1&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 3-1&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;Act on Aliens of 13 June 2003 (Journal of Laws of 2003, No 128, it. 1175)&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3-2&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3-2&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 3-2&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;Act of 13 June 2003 on granting protection to aliens within the territory of the Republic of Poland (Journal of Laws of 2003, No 128, item 1176)&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3-3&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3-3&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 3-3&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy51ZHNjLmdvdi5wbC9maWxlcy9vbGRfZmlsZS80NGU5YmRkMDdkMWI4XzEtNDQwNDMzNzJkOTM1OV9jdWR6b3ppZW1jeS5wZGYiIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX291dCIgcmVsPSJleHRlcm5hbCI+aHR0cDovL3d3dy51ZHNjLmdvdi5wbC9maWxlcy9vbGRfZmlsZS80NGU5YmRkMDdkMWI4XzEtNDQwNDMzNzJkOTM1OV9jdWR6b3ppZW1jeS5wZGY8L2E+'&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3-4&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3-4&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 3-4&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy51ZHNjLmdvdi5wbC9IRUFELE9GLFRIRSxPRkZJQ0UsRk9SLEZPUkVJR05FUlMsMzM5Lmh0bWwiIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX291dCIgcmVsPSJleHRlcm5hbCI+aHR0cDovL3d3dy51ZHNjLmdvdi5wbC9IRUFELE9GLFRIRSxPRkZJQ0UsRk9SLEZPUkVJR05FUlMsMzM5Lmh0bWw8L2E+'&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3-5&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3-5&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 3-5&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;5&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;About the procedure and social aid delivered to asylum seekers: &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy51ZHNjLmdvdi5wbC9QUk9DRURVUkUsRk9SLEdSQU5USU5HLFRIRSxSRUZVR0VFLFNUQVRVUywyNjYuaHRtbCIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfb3V0IiByZWw9ImV4dGVybmFsIj5odHRwOi8vd3d3LnVkc2MuZ292LnBsL1BST0NFRFVSRSxGT1IsR1JBTlRJTkcsVEhFLFJFRlVHRUUsU1RBVFVTLDI2Ni5odG1sPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3-6&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3-6&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 3-6&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;6&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;for more information please se Annexe 1 : Name, typology and capacity of the centres ; Annexe 2 : maps of open camps&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3-7&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3-7&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 3-7&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;7&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy51ZHNjLmd2by5wbC9maWxlcy9vbGRfZmlsZS80NGU5YmRkMDdkMWI4XzEtNDQwNDMzNzJkOTM1OV9jdWR6b3ppZW1jeS5wZGYiIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX291dCIgcmVsPSJleHRlcm5hbCI+aHR0cDovL3d3dy51ZHNjLmd2by5wbC9maWxlcy9vbGRfZmlsZS80NGU5YmRkMDdkMWI4XzEtNDQwNDMzNzJkOTM1OV9jdWR6b3ppZW1jeS5wZGY8L2E+'&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3-8&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3-8&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 3-8&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;8&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;For more information, see Annexe 1 : Name, typology centres capacity ; Annexe 3 : detention centres map)&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3-9&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3-9&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 3-9&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;9&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;For more information, See Country report-Poland-December 2007 : &#171; Conditions des ressortissants de pays tiers retenus dans des centres : &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy5jaW1hZGUub3JnL3VwbG9hZHMvRmlsZS9hZG1pbi9SYXBwb3J0XyUyMFBvbG9nbmUucGRmIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9vdXQiIHJlbD0iZXh0ZXJuYWwiPmh0dHA6Ly93d3cuY2ltYWRlLm9yZy91cGxvYWRzL0ZpbGUvYWRtaW4vUmFwcG9ydF8lMjBQb2xvZ25lLnBkZjwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3-10&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3-10&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 3-10&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;10&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;Halina Niec Human Rights Association. Krak&#243;w 31-136, ul. Sobieskiego 7/3 - tel/fax : (12) 633 72 23 - e-mail : &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0ibWFpbHRvOm9mZmljZUBuaWVjYXNzb2NpYXRpb24ub3JnIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9tYWlsIj5vZmZpY2VAbmllY2Fzc29jaWF0aW9uLm9yZzwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;; &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubmllY2Fzc29jaWF0aW9uLm9yZyIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfb3V0IiByZWw9ImV4dGVybmFsIj53d3cubmllY2Fzc29jaWF0aW9uLm9yZzwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3-11&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3-11&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 3-11&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;11&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;Warszawa 00-018, ul. Zgoda 11 - tel : (22) 828 69 96, 828 10 08, 556 44 40 - dzia&#322; uchod&#378;c&#243;w : (22) 556 44 66 - fax : (22) 828 69 96, 556 44 50 lub 51 e-mail :&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0ibWFpbHRvOmhmaHJAaGZocnBvbC53YXcucGwiIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX21haWwiPmhmaHJAaGZocnBvbC53YXcucGw8L2E+'&gt;&lt;/span&gt; ; &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0ibWFpbHRvOnNla3JldGFyaWF0QGhmaHJwb2wud2F3LnBsIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9tYWlsIj5zZWtyZXRhcmlhdEBoZmhycG9sLndhdy5wbDwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;; &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuaGZocnBvbC53YXcucGwiIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX291dCIgcmVsPSJleHRlcm5hbCI+d3d3LmhmaHJwb2wud2F3LnBsPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3-12&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3-12&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 3-12&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;12&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;See list of readmission agreement signed by Poland on Mirem website: &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy5taXJlbS5ldS9kb25uZWVzL2FjY29yZHMvcG9sb2duZSIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfb3V0IiByZWw9ImV4dGVybmFsIj5odHRwOi8vd3d3Lm1pcmVtLmV1L2Rvbm5lZXMvYWNjb3Jkcy9wb2xvZ25lPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		</content:encoded>


		

	</item>
<item xml:lang="fr">
		<title>Pologne</title>
		<link>https://migreurop.org/article1595.html</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://migreurop.org/article1595.html</guid>
		<dc:date>2009-12-11T17:06:00Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>fr</dc:language>
		


		<dc:subject>Pologne</dc:subject>

		<description>
&lt;p&gt;POLOGNE &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
G&#233;n&#233;ralit&#233;s &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
La Pologne poss&#232;de des fronti&#232;res &#233;tendues et difficilement contr&#244;lables ce qui l'a conduit &#224; consentir un effort important en mati&#232;re de surveillance de ses fronti&#232;res ext&#233;rieures en vue de son entr&#233;e dans l'Union Europ&#233;enne (1er mai 2004) et dans l'espace Schengen (31 d&#233;cembre 2007). &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
En Pologne, les principales arriv&#233;es de migrants sont le fait d'une part, de migrants saisonniers ressortissants des pays de l'ex URSS (Ukraine, Bi&#233;lorussie) partis &#224; la recherche (&#8230;)&lt;/p&gt;


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/ 
&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot47.html" rel="tag"&gt;Pologne&lt;/a&gt;

		</description>


 <content:encoded>&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;POLOGNE&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;G&#233;n&#233;ralit&#233;s&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;La Pologne poss&#232;de des fronti&#232;res &#233;tendues et difficilement contr&#244;lables ce qui l'a conduit &#224; consentir un effort important en mati&#232;re de surveillance de ses fronti&#232;res ext&#233;rieures en vue de son entr&#233;e dans l'Union Europ&#233;enne (1er mai 2004) et dans l'espace Schengen (31 d&#233;cembre 2007).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;En Pologne, les principales arriv&#233;es de migrants sont le fait d'une part, de migrants saisonniers ressortissants des pays de l'ex URSS (Ukraine, Bi&#233;lorussie) partis &#224; la recherche d'emplois dans l'agriculture et la construction et, d'autre part, de demandeurs d'asile provenant essentiellement de la F&#233;d&#233;ration de Russie (Tch&#233;tch&#233;nie, Ingouchie). Consid&#233;r&#233;e par ces demandeurs d'asile comme un pays de transit alors qu'ils cherchent &#224; rejoindre des pays situ&#233;s plus &#224; l'Ouest, la Pologne pourrait cependant devenir un pays de destination du fait des effets combin&#233;s de la mise en &#339;uvre du r&#232;glement Dublin II et des besoins croissants de main d'&#339;uvre de certains secteurs de l'&#233;conomie polonaise.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;L&#233;gislation sur les &#233;trangers&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;En vue de son entr&#233;e dans l'UE en mai 2004, la Pologne a d&#251; adapter sa l&#233;gislation nationale. Les principaux instruments l&#233;gislatifs en mati&#232;re de droit des &#233;trangers sont les lois du 13 juin 2003 :&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt; La loi sur les &#233;trangers&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4-1&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; id=&#034;nh4-1&#034;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt; La loi sur l'asile&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4-2&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; id=&#034;nh4-2&#034;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Ces lois ont &#233;t&#233; r&#233;cemment modifi&#233;es par une loi entr&#233;e en vigueur le 29 mai 2008&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4-3&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; id=&#034;nh4-3&#034;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; (les modifications apport&#233;es n'ont pas &#233;t&#233; int&#233;gr&#233;es &#224; la version anglaise des lois de 2003) &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
L'office des &#233;trangers&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4-4&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; id=&#034;nh4-4&#034;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;, sous la tutelle du Minist&#232;re de l'Int&#233;rieur, constitue l'autorit&#233; centrale comp&#233;tente en mati&#232;re d'entr&#233;e et de s&#233;jour des &#233;trangers, ainsi que d'asile.&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Des donn&#233;es chiffr&#233;es sont disponibles sur les sites officiels de l'office des &#233;trangers : &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy51ZHNjLmdvdi5wbC9TdGF0aXN0aWNzLDI3NS5odG1sIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9vdXQiIHJlbD0iZXh0ZXJuYWwiPmh0dHA6Ly93d3cudWRzYy5nb3YucGwvU3RhdGlzdGljcywyNzUuaHRtbDwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; et du gouvernement : &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuc2cuZ292LnBsIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9vdXQiIHJlbD0iZXh0ZXJuYWwiPnd3dy5zZy5nb3YucGw8L2E+'&gt;&lt;/span&gt; (Statistiques sur l'&#233;loignement).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Asile&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Il existe essentiellement deux types de protection en Pologne&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4-5&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Sur la proc&#233;dure et les aides accord&#233;es aux demandeurs d'asile :&#034; id=&#034;nh4-5&#034;&gt;5&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; : le statut de r&#233;fugi&#233; et le &#171; s&#233;jour tol&#233;r&#233; &#187; (Pobyt tolerowany) devenu &#171; protection compl&#233;mentaire &#187; depuis l'entr&#233;e en vigueur de la loi de 2008. Jusque l&#224;, la plupart des demandeurs d'asile ne se voyaient accorder que le &#171; s&#233;jour tol&#233;r&#233; &#187; valable 1 an qui ne permettait pas d'acc&#233;der aux programmes d'int&#233;gration dont b&#233;n&#233;ficiaient les r&#233;fugi&#233;s statutaires. La loi de 2008 devait corriger ces carences en transformant le &#171; s&#233;jour tol&#233;r&#233; &#187; en &#171; protection compl&#233;mentaire &#187; ouvrant droit &#224; ces programmes d'int&#233;gration. Les associations polonaises d'aide aux demandeurs d'asile ont n&#233;anmoins exprim&#233; leurs doutes quant aux possibilit&#233;s r&#233;elles d'y acc&#233;der.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Les demandeurs d'asile sont normalement h&#233;berg&#233;s dans des centres ouverts qui leur sont destin&#233;s&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4-6&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Pour des informations compl&#233;mentaires voir Annexe 1 : Nom, typologie et (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh4-6&#034;&gt;6&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. Cependant, ils sont parfois d&#233;tenus, c'est le cas notamment des demandeurs d'asile renvoy&#233;s en Pologne en application de Dublin II. C'est souvent le cas, &#233;galement, des hommes seuls. Les familles peuvent &#233;galement &#234;tre d&#233;tenues et l'ouverture, en 2008, de quatre nouveaux centres gard&#233;s pour &#233;trangers permettant de d&#233;tenir des familles risque de conduire &#224; la d&#233;tention d'un nombre plus important encore de demandeurs d'asile.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;D&#233;tention, enfermement&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;En application des articles 40 &#224; 42 de la loi sur les &#233;trangers (devenus art. 87 &#224; 89 depuis l'entr&#233;e en vigueur de la nouvelle loi)&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4-7&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; id=&#034;nh4-7&#034;&gt;7&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;, toute personne ayant franchis irr&#233;guli&#232;rement la fronti&#232;re peut &#234;tre d&#233;tenue. La dur&#233;e maximale de d&#233;tention des &#233;trangers est de 12 mois.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Il existe deux types de centres de d&#233;tention pour &#233;trangers&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4-8&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Pour des informations compl&#233;mentaires voir Annexe 1 : Nom, typologie et (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh4-8&#034;&gt;8&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt; &#171; Les centres gard&#233;s pour &#233;trangers &#187; (Guarded center for Aliens) qui sont plac&#233;s sous la responsabilit&#233; de la Police des fronti&#232;res. Il n'existait qu'un seul centre de ce type jusqu'en 2008, celui de Lezslowola, d'une capacit&#233; d'accueil de 132 places et qui permet de d&#233;tenir des familles. Les autorit&#233;s ont r&#233;cemment construit quatre nouveaux centres de ce type, avec l'aide financi&#232;re du Fond Europ&#233;en.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt; Les centres de d&#233;tention &#224; des fins d'expulsion (Deportation Arrest) qui sont plac&#233;s sous la responsabilit&#233; de la police (Police deportation arrests) ou de la police des fronti&#232;res (Border police deportation arrests).&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Ils sont th&#233;oriquement destin&#233;s &#224; la d&#233;tention des &#233;trangers sous certaines conditions (notamment qu'il existe une crainte que l'&#233;tranger ne respecte pas les r&#232;gles en vigueur dans les &#171; garded center &#187;). En pratique, les &#233;trangers sont indiff&#233;remment d&#233;tenus dans des centres d'expulsion ou dans des &#171; centres gard&#233;s &#187; pour &#233;trangers, en fonction des places disponibles.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Les conditions de vie, dans les centres de d&#233;tention, sont tr&#232;s difficiles, encore plus que dans les centres d'expulsion o&#249; les &#233;trangers sont confin&#233;s dans d'&#233;troites cellules. Les restrictions faites &#224; la libert&#233; sont tr&#232;s importantes, un r&#233;gime de d&#233;tention de type au moins carc&#233;ral est appliqu&#233; : limitation des heures de promenade &#224; l'air libre, du droit de visite, possibilit&#233; de placement en cellule d'isolement, absence totale d'activit&#233;s sociales&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4-9&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Pour plus de pr&#233;cisions : Rapport pays Pologne - d&#233;cembre 2007&#171; Conditions (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh4-9&#034;&gt;9&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Les d&#233;tenus ainsi isol&#233;s et ont un acc&#232;s tr&#232;s r&#233;duit au monde ext&#233;rieur avec lequel les contacts sont fort limit&#233;s. L'acc&#232;s &#224; l'information sur les droits et &#224; l'assistance juridique est insuffisant, notamment dans les centres qui ne sont pas visit&#233;s par les ONG polonaises d'assistance juridique.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Les associations &#171; Halina Niec Human Rights Association &#187;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4-10&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Halina Niec Human Rights Association. Krak&#243;w 31-136, ul. Sobieskiego 7/3 - (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh4-10&#034;&gt;10&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; et &#171; Helsinki Foundation for Human Rights &#187;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4-11&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Helsinki Foundation for Human Rights. Warszawa 00-018, ul. Zgoda 11 - tel : (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh4-11&#034;&gt;11&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; organisent des visites ponctuelles dans certains centres de d&#233;tention pour &#233;trangers, mais elles n'ont pas la possibilit&#233; de couvrir l'ensemble des centres.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Th&#233;oriquement, les d&#233;tenus devraient avoir acc&#232;s au t&#233;l&#233;phone mais, notamment quand l'acc&#232;s au t&#233;l&#233;phone est conditionn&#233; par la n&#233;cessit&#233; d'acheter des cartes t&#233;l&#233;phoniques, cet acc&#232;s est loin d'&#234;tre toujours r&#233;el.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Une pr&#233;sence m&#233;dicale existe dans les centres, mais les associations polonaises d&#233;noncent une r&#233;elle insuffisance de possibilit&#233;s d'acc&#232;s aux soins. Il n'exise, par ailleurs, aucune consultation possible avec des psychologues ou avec des psychiatres.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Situation des mineurs&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Les mineurs accompagn&#233;s peuvent &#234;tres d&#233;tenus avec leur famille dans les centres gard&#233;s pour &#233;trangers. Les mineurs non accompagn&#233;s ne sont en principe pas d&#233;tenus, mais h&#233;berg&#233;s dans des centres ouverts (deux orphelinats situ&#233;s &#224; Varsovie) qui comportent un d&#233;partement sp&#233;cial pour les &#233;trangers isol&#233;s.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Accords de r&#233;admission&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;La Pologne a sign&#233; des accords bilat&#233;raux de r&#233;admission&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4-12&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir liste des accords de r&#233;admission sign&#233;s avec la Pologne sur le site du (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh4-12&#034;&gt;12&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; :&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Avec des pays de l'UE : Allemagne (01/05/1991) ; Autriche (30/05/2005) ; Belgique (01/05/1991) ; Bulgarie (04/02/1994) ; Espagne (23/06/2004) ; Gr&#232;ce (05/05/1996) ; Hongrie (05/08/1995) ; Irlande (12/05/2001).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Sign&#233; mais non entr&#233;s en vigueur : Lituanie (08/01/2000) ; Luxembourg (01/05/1991) ; Pays-Bas (01/05/1991) ; R&#233;publique Tch&#232;que (30/10/1993) ; Roumanie (19/01/1994) ; Slovaquie (12/11/1993) ; Slov&#233;nie (06/04/1998) ; Su&#232;de (09/04/1999) ; Suisse (31/03/2006) ;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Avec des pays d'Europe centrale et orientale : notamment Russie (15/02/1961 : ex URSS) ; Ukraine (10/04/1994) ; Croatie (27/05/1995) ; Mac&#233;doine, Moldavie (28/05/1995).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bibliographie&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Droit d'asile : &#171; Les gens de Dublin II &#187; - Cimade 2008 &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy5jaW1hZGUub3JnL3B1YmxpY2F0aW9ucy8yNCIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfb3V0IiByZWw9ImV4dGVybmFsIj5odHRwOi8vd3d3LmNpbWFkZS5vcmcvcHVibGljYXRpb25zLzI0PC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Etude pour le Parlement europ&#233;en sur les &#171; Conditions des ressortissants de pays tiers retenus dans des centres (camps de d&#233;tention, centres ouverts, ainsi que des zones de transit), d&#233;cembre 2007.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Rapport pays Pologne : &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy5jaW1hZGUub3JnL3VwbG9hZHMvRmlsZS9hZG1pbi9SYXBwb3J0XyUyMFBvbG9nbmUucGRmIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9vdXQiIHJlbD0iZXh0ZXJuYWwiPmh0dHA6Ly93d3cuY2ltYWRlLm9yZy91cGxvYWRzL0ZpbGUvYWRtaW4vUmFwcG9ydF8lMjBQb2xvZ25lLnBkZjwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Projet de rapport de la d&#233;l&#233;gation de la Commission des libert&#233;s civiles, de la justice et des affaires int&#233;rieures du Parlement Europ&#233;en concernant sa visite en Pologne - RAPPORTEUR : Wolfgang KREISSL-D&#214;RFLER - Avril 2008.&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
DAKIN, Lloyd, Etre r&#233;fugi&#233; (Byc uchodzca), UNHCR Europe Centrale - Budapest ao&#251;t 2007.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Liste de contacts&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;UNHCR Representation in Poland&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Warszawa 00-556, Al. R&#243;&#380; 2 &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
tel : (22) 628 69 30, 625 61 46 ; fax : (22) 625 61 24 &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
e-mail : &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0ibWFpbHRvOnBvbHdhQHVuaGNyLm9yZyIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfbWFpbCI+cG9sd2FAdW5oY3Iub3JnPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy51bmhjci1ycmJwLm9yZy9wb2xhbmQvaW5kZXgucGhwIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9vdXQiIHJlbD0iZXh0ZXJuYWwiPmh0dHA6Ly93d3cudW5oY3ItcnJicC5vcmcvcG9sYW5kL2luZGV4LnBocDwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Polish Authorities&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Office for Repatriation and Aliens &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Warszawa 00-564, ul. Koszykowa 16 &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
tel : 601 74 01/02/03 ; fax : (22) 601 74 13&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudXJpYy5nb3YucGwiIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX291dCIgcmVsPSJleHRlcm5hbCI+d3d3LnVyaWMuZ292LnBsPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Refugee Board &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Warszawa 00-556, Aleja R&#243;&#380; 2,&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
tel. (22) 52 00 421, fax : (22) 520 04 22&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iZS1tYWlsOiByZWZib2FyZEBrcHJtLmdvdi5wbCI+ZS1tYWlsJm5ic3A7OiByZWZib2FyZEBrcHJtLmdvdi5wbDwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Ombudsman&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Al. Solidarnosci 77, 00-090 Warszawa &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
(22) 827 42 02, 55 17 700 ; fax : (22) 827 64 53 &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
e-mail : &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0ibWFpbHRvOmJycG9pbmZAYnJwby5nb3YucGwiIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX21haWwiPmJycG9pbmZAYnJwby5nb3YucGw8L2E+'&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYnJwby5nb3YucGwiIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX291dCIgcmVsPSJleHRlcm5hbCI+d3d3LmJycG8uZ292LnBsPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The Commanding Officer in Chief of Borderguards&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Warszawa 00-562, ul.Koszykowa 16 &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuc2cuZ292LnBsIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9vdXQiIHJlbD0iZXh0ZXJuYWwiPnd3dy5zZy5nb3YucGw8L2E+'&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
International Organizations &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
International Organization for Migration (IOM)&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Warszawa 00-831, ul. Twarda 44/24&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
tel : 652 03 57 ; fax : 620 67 82&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Non-governmental Organizations assisting refugees&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Polish Humanitarian Organization&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Counseling Center for Refugees&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Warszawa 00-031, ul. Szpitalna 5/3&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
tel : (22) 828 88 82 ; &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
fax : (22) 831 99 38, 828 88 82 w.217 &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
e-mail : &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0ibWFpbHRvOnVjaG9AcGFoLm9yZy5wbCIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfbWFpbCI+dWNob0BwYWgub3JnLnBsPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; This email address is being protected from spam bots, you need Javascript enabled to view it &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cucGFoLm9yZy5wbC91Y2hvZHpjeSIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfb3V0IiByZWw9ImV4dGVybmFsIj53d3cucGFoLm9yZy5wbC91Y2hvZHpjeTwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Halina Niec Human Rights Association&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Krak&#243;w 31-136, ul. Sobieskiego 7/3&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
tel/fax : (12) 633 72 23&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
e-mail : &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0ibWFpbHRvOm9mZmljZUBuaWVjYXNzb2NpYXRpb24ub3JnIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9tYWlsIj5vZmZpY2VAbmllY2Fzc29jaWF0aW9uLm9yZzwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubmllY2Fzc29jaWF0aW9uLm9yZyIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfb3V0IiByZWw9ImV4dGVybmFsIj53d3cubmllY2Fzc29jaWF0aW9uLm9yZzwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Helsinki Foundation for Human Rights&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Warszawa 00-018, ul. Zgoda 11&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
tel : (22) 828 69 96, 828 10 08, 556 44 40&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
dzia&#322; uchod&#378;c&#243;w : (22) 556 44 66&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
fax : (22) 828 69 96, 556 44 50 lub 51&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
e-mail :&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0ibWFpbHRvOnNla3JldGFyaWF0QGhmaHJwb2wud2F3LnBsIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9tYWlsIj5zZWtyZXRhcmlhdEBoZmhycG9sLndhdy5wbDwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuaGZocnBvbC53YXcucGwiIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX291dCIgcmVsPSJleHRlcm5hbCI+d3d3LmhmaHJwb2wud2F3LnBsPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Caritas Polska - Centers for Migrants and Refugees&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Bia&#322;ystok 43-200, ul. Warszawska 32&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
tel/fax : (85) 732 55 53&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
e-mail : &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0ibWFpbHRvOm1pZ3JhbnRAb3Bva2Eub3JnLnBsIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9tYWlsIj5taWdyYW50QG9wb2thLm9yZy5wbDwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Lublin 20-950, ul. Prymasa Stefana Wyszy&#324;skiego 2 tel : (81) 743 71 86 &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
e-mail : &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0ibWFpbHRvOm1pZ3JhbmNpQGt1cmlhLmx1Ymxpbi5wbCIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfbWFpbCI+bWlncmFuY2lAa3VyaWEubHVibGluLnBsPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Wroc&#322;aw 50-329, pl. Katedralny 7&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
tel/fax : (71) 322 17 15 &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
e-mail : &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0ibWFpbHRvOndyb2NsYXdAY2FyaXRhcy5wbCIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfbWFpbCI+d3JvY2xhd0BjYXJpdGFzLnBsPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Zgorzelec 59-900, ul. Ksi&#281;dza Doma&#324;skiego 12&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
tel : (75) 771 65 61&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
e-mail : &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0ibWFpbHRvOm1pZ3JhbnRAYWxwaGEubmV0LnBsIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9tYWlsIj5taWdyYW50QGFscGhhLm5ldC5wbDwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuY2FyaXRhcy5wbCIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfb3V0IiByZWw9ImV4dGVybmFsIj53d3cuY2FyaXRhcy5wbDwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Refugee Association in Poland&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Tel. (22) 839 09 27, 825 54 26&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
e-mail : &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0ibWFpbHRvOmFzc3JlZkBob3RtYWlsLmNvbSIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfbWFpbCI+YXNzcmVmQGhvdG1haWwuY29tPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Polish Red Cross&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Warszawa 00-561, ul. Mokotowska 14 &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
tel : (22) 628 55 75, fax : (22) 628 41 68 &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
e-mail : &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0ibWFpbHRvOmluZm9AcGNrLm9yZy5wbCIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfbWFpbCI+aW5mb0BwY2sub3JnLnBsPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cucGNrLm9yZy5wbCIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfb3V0IiByZWw9ImV4dGVybmFsIj53d3cucGNrLm9yZy5wbDwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Human Rights Center at the Jagiellonian University's Legal Clinic &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Krak&#243;w 30-033, Al. Zygmunta Krasi&#324;skiego 18&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
tel/fax : (12) 633 37 96&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
tel./fax (12) 430 19 97&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
e-mail : &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0ibWFpbHRvOnBvcmFkbmlhX3ByYXduYUBpbnRlcmlhLnBsIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9tYWlsIj5wb3JhZG5pYV9wcmF3bmFAaW50ZXJpYS5wbDwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; or &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0ibWFpbHRvOmJpdXJvQGp1aHJjLm9yZyIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfbWFpbCI+Yml1cm9AanVocmMub3JnPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Human Rights Center of the Jagiellonian University&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
30-101 Krak&#243;w, Al. Zygmunta Krasi&#324;skiego 18&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
tel./fax 012 427 24 80&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
e-mail : &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0ibWFpbHRvOmJpdXJvQGp1aHJjLm9yZyIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfbWFpbCI+Yml1cm9AanVocmMub3JnPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cub3BjLnVqLmVkdS5wbCIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfb3V0IiByZWw9ImV4dGVybmFsIj53d3cub3BjLnVqLmVkdS5wbDwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Legal Clinic &#183; Faculty of Law at Warsaw University&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Warszawa 00-071, Krakowskie Przedmie&#347;cie 26/28&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Tel. : (22) 552 08 11 tel./fax : (22) 552 43 18&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
e-mail : &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0ibWFpbHRvOmtsaW5pa2FAd3BpYS51dy5lZHUucGwiIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX21haWwiPmtsaW5pa2FAd3BpYS51dy5lZHUucGw8L2E+'&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&#034;One World&#034; Association&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Pozna&#324; 60-830, ul. Krasi&#324;skiego 3a/1&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
tel : (61) 848 43 38 fax : (61) 848 43 37&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
e-mail : &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0ibWFpbHRvOmluZm9AamVkZW5zd2lhdC5vcmcucGwiIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX21haWwiPmluZm9AamVkZW5zd2lhdC5vcmcucGw8L2E+'&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuamVkZW5zd2lhdC5vcmcucGwiIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX291dCIgcmVsPSJleHRlcm5hbCI+d3d3LmplZGVuc3dpYXQub3JnLnBsPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Amnesty International&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
ul. Pi&#281;kna 66A, 00-672 Warszawa &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Tel/fax (22) 827 60 00&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
e-mail : &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0ibWFpbHRvOmFtbmVzdHlAYW1uZXN0eS5vcmcucGwiIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX21haWwiPmFtbmVzdHlAYW1uZXN0eS5vcmcucGw8L2E+'&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYW1uZXN0eS5vcmcucGwiIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX291dCIgcmVsPSJleHRlcm5hbCI+d3d3LmFtbmVzdHkub3JnLnBsPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Polish Medical Mission&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Ul. Rejtana 2, 30-510 Krak&#243;w&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
tel. (12) 293 40 50, fax (12) 293 40 55&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Nobody's Children Foundation&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Ul. Walecznych 59, 03-926 Warszawa&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Tel. (22) 616 02 68, fax : (22) 616 03 14&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
e-mail : &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0ibWFpbHRvOmZkbkBmZG4ucGwiIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX21haWwiPmZkbkBmZG4ucGw8L2E+'&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZmRuLnBsIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9vdXQiIHJlbD0iZXh0ZXJuYWwiPnd3dy5mZG4ucGw8L2E+'&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Migrant's Centre&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Ul. Ostrobramska 98, 04-118 Warszawa&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Tel. (22) 610 02 52 &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0ibWFpbHRvOm9zcm9kZWtAbWlncmFudC5wbCIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfbWFpbCI+b3Nyb2Rla0BtaWdyYW50LnBsPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sophie Baylac - 2009&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;hr /&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_notes'&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4-1&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4-1&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 4-1&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iQWN0IG9uIEFsaWVucyBvZiAxMyBKdW5lIDIwMDMgKEpvdXJuYWwgb2YgTGF3cyBvZiAyMDAzLCBObyAxMjgsIGl0LiAxMTc1KS0mZ3Q7aHR0cDovL3d3dy51ZHNjLmdvdi5wbC9maWxlcy9vbGRfZmlsZS80NGU5YmRkMDdkMWI4XzEtNDQwNDMzNzJkOTM1OV9jdWR6b3ppZW1jeS5wZGYiPkFjdCBvbiBBbGllbnMgb2YgMTMgSnVuZSAyMDAzIChKb3VybmFsIG9mIExhd3Mgb2YgMjAwMywgTm8gMTI4LCBpdC4gMTE3NSk8L2E+'&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4-2&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4-2&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 4-2&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy51ZHNjLmdvdi5wbC8iIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX291dCIgcmVsPSJleHRlcm5hbCI+QWN0IG9mIDEzIEp1bmUgMjAwMyBvbiBncmFudGluZyBwcm90ZWN0aW9uIHRvIGFsaWVucyB3aXRoaW4gdGhlIHRlcnJpdG9yeSBvZiB0aGUgUmVwdWJsaWMgb2YgUG9sYW5kIChKb3VybmFsIG9mIExhd3Mgb2YgMjAwMywgTm8gMTI4LCBpdGVtIDExNzYpPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4-3&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4-3&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 4-3&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy51ZHNjLmdvdi5wbC9maWxlcy9vbGRfZmlsZS80NGU5YmRkMDdkMWI4XzEtNDQwNDMzNzJkOTM1OV9jdWR6b3ppZW1jeS5wZGYiIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX291dCIgcmVsPSJleHRlcm5hbCI+aHR0cDovL3d3dy51ZHNjLmdvdi5wbC9maWxlcy9vbGRfZmlsZS80NGU5YmRkMDdkMWI4XzEtNDQwNDMzNzJkOTM1OV9jdWR6b3ppZW1jeS5wZGY8L2E+'&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4-4&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4-4&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 4-4&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy51ZHNjLmdvdi5wbC9IRUFELE9GLFRIRSxPRkZJQ0UsRk9SLEZPUkVJR05FUlMsMzM5Lmh0bWwiIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX291dCIgcmVsPSJleHRlcm5hbCI+aHR0cDovL3d3dy51ZHNjLmdvdi5wbC9IRUFELE9GLFRIRSxPRkZJQ0UsRk9SLEZPUkVJR05FUlMsMzM5Lmh0bWw8L2E+'&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4-5&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4-5&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 4-5&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;5&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;Sur la proc&#233;dure et les aides accord&#233;es aux demandeurs d'asile :&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy51ZHNjLmdvdi5wbC9QUk9DRURVUkUsRk9SLEdSQU5USU5HLFRIRSxSRUZVR0VFLFNUQVRVUywyNjYuaHRtbCIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfb3V0IiByZWw9ImV4dGVybmFsIj5odHRwOi8vd3d3LnVkc2MuZ292LnBsL1BST0NFRFVSRSxGT1IsR1JBTlRJTkcsVEhFLFJFRlVHRUUsU1RBVFVTLDI2Ni5odG1sPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4-6&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4-6&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 4-6&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;6&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;Pour des informations compl&#233;mentaires voir Annexe 1 : Nom, typologie et capacit&#233; des centres ; Annexe 2 : Carte des centres ouverts&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4-7&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4-7&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 4-7&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;7&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy51ZHNjLmd2by5wbC9maWxlcy9vbGRfZmlsZS80NGU5YmRkMDdkMWI4XzEtNDQwNDMzNzJkOTM1OV9jdWR6b3ppZW1jeS5wZGYiIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX291dCIgcmVsPSJleHRlcm5hbCI+aHR0cDovL3d3dy51ZHNjLmd2by5wbC9maWxlcy9vbGRfZmlsZS80NGU5YmRkMDdkMWI4XzEtNDQwNDMzNzJkOTM1OV9jdWR6b3ppZW1jeS5wZGY8L2E+'&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4-8&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4-8&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 4-8&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;8&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;Pour des informations compl&#233;mentaires voir Annexe 1 : Nom, typologie et capacit&#233; des centres ; Annexe 3 : carte des centres de d&#233;tention pour &#233;trangers)&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4-9&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4-9&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 4-9&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;9&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;Pour plus de pr&#233;cisions : Rapport pays Pologne - d&#233;cembre 2007&#171; Conditions des ressortissants de pays tiers retenus dans des centres : &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy5jaW1hZGUub3JnL3VwbG9hZHMvRmlsZS9hZG1pbi9SYXBwb3J0XyUyMFBvbG9nbmUucGRmIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9vdXQiIHJlbD0iZXh0ZXJuYWwiPmh0dHA6Ly93d3cuY2ltYWRlLm9yZy91cGxvYWRzL0ZpbGUvYWRtaW4vUmFwcG9ydF8lMjBQb2xvZ25lLnBkZjwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4-10&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4-10&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 4-10&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;10&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;Halina Niec Human Rights Association. Krak&#243;w 31-136, ul. Sobieskiego 7/3 - tel/fax : (12) 633 72 23 - e-mail : &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0ibWFpbHRvOm9mZmljZUBuaWVjYXNzb2NpYXRpb24ub3JnIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9tYWlsIj5vZmZpY2VAbmllY2Fzc29jaWF0aW9uLm9yZzwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; ; &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubmllY2Fzc29jaWF0aW9uLm9yZyIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfb3V0IiByZWw9ImV4dGVybmFsIj53d3cubmllY2Fzc29jaWF0aW9uLm9yZzwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4-11&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4-11&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 4-11&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;11&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;Helsinki Foundation for Human Rights. Warszawa 00-018, ul. Zgoda 11 - tel : (22) 828 69 96, 828 10 08, 556 44 40 - dzia&#322; uchod&#378;c&#243;w : (22) 556 44 66 - fax : (22) 828 69 96, 556 44 50 lub 51&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
e-mail : &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0ibWFpbHRvOmhmaHJAaGZocnBvbC53YXcucGwiIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX21haWwiPmhmaHJAaGZocnBvbC53YXcucGwmbmJzcDs8L2E+'&gt;&lt;/span&gt; ; &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0ibWFpbHRvOnNla3JldGFyaWF0QGhmaHJwb2wud2F3LnBsIiBjbGFzcz0ic3BpcF9tYWlsIj5zZWtyZXRhcmlhdEBoZmhycG9sLndhdy5wbDwvYT4='&gt;&lt;/span&gt; ; &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuaGZocnBvbC53YXcucGwiIGNsYXNzPSJzcGlwX291dCIgcmVsPSJleHRlcm5hbCI+d3d3LmhmaHJwb2wud2F3LnBsPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4-12&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4-12&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 4-12&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;12&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;Voir liste des accords de r&#233;admission sign&#233;s avec la Pologne sur le site du Mirem &lt;span class='base64LIENS' title='PGEgaHJlZj0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy5taXJlbS5ldS9kb25uZWVzL2FjY29yZHMvcG9sb2duZSIgY2xhc3M9InNwaXBfb3V0IiByZWw9ImV4dGVybmFsIj5odHRwOi8vd3d3Lm1pcmVtLmV1L2Rvbm5lZXMvYWNjb3Jkcy9wb2xvZ25lPC9hPg=='&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		</content:encoded>


		

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