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	<title>MIGREUROP</title>
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<item xml:lang="en">
		<title>Press Review March 2026</title>
		<link>https://migreurop.org/article3572.html</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://migreurop.org/article3572.html</guid>
		<dc:date>2026-04-08T15:12:53Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>en</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Camille</dc:creator>


		<dc:subject>Libya</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Tunisia</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>German</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Belgium</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Croatia</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Bosnia and Herzegovina</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Spain</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Portugal</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Su&#232;de</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Royaume-Uni</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Nigeria</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Union Europ&#233;enne</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Asile</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Criminalisation of solidarities</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Detention</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Externalisation</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Frontex</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Migration policies </dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Racisme</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Forced returns</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Monitoring and control </dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>r&#232;glement retour</dc:subject>

		<description>
&lt;p&gt;Libya InfoMigrants, &#8216;Mediterranean: 2,500 migrants intercepted at sea and forcibly returned to Libya since the start of 2026', 12 March 2026 &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Since the beginning of 2026, more than 2,500 migrants have been intercepted in the Mediterranean by the Libyan coastguard and forcibly returned to Libya. These interceptions are carried out on the basis of an agreement concluded in 2017 between Italy and Libya, which provides for logistical and financial support from Italy and the European Union to (&#8230;)&lt;/p&gt;


-
&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/rubrique461.html" rel="directory"&gt;Press review&lt;/a&gt;

/ 
&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot39.html" rel="tag"&gt;Libya&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot187.html" rel="tag"&gt;Tunisia&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot16.html" rel="tag"&gt;German&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot22.html" rel="tag"&gt;Belgium&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot180.html" rel="tag"&gt;Croatia&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot31.html" rel="tag"&gt;Bosnia and Herzegovina&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot19.html" rel="tag"&gt;Spain&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot27.html" rel="tag"&gt;Portugal&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot55.html" rel="tag"&gt;Su&#232;de&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot202.html" rel="tag"&gt;Royaume-Uni&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot229.html" rel="tag"&gt;Nigeria&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot208.html" rel="tag"&gt;Union Europ&#233;enne&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot203.html" rel="tag"&gt;Asile&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot172.html" rel="tag"&gt;Criminalisation of solidarities&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot169.html" rel="tag"&gt;Detention&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot168.html" rel="tag"&gt;Externalisation&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot173.html" rel="tag"&gt;Frontex&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot194.html" rel="tag"&gt;Migration policies &lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot206.html" rel="tag"&gt;Racisme&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot176.html" rel="tag"&gt;Forced returns&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot195.html" rel="tag"&gt;Monitoring and control &lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot227.html" rel="tag"&gt;r&#232;glement retour&lt;/a&gt;

		</description>


 <content:encoded>&lt;img src='https://migreurop.org/local/cache-vignettes/L150xH150/visuel_rp_1_-2-df049.png?1775661276' class='spip_logo spip_logo_right' width='150' height='150' alt=&#034;&#034; /&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;div class=&#034;cs_sommaire cs_sommaire_avec_fond&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire&#034;&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;cs_sommaire_inner&#034;&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;cs_sommaire_titre_avec_fond&#034;&gt; Sommaire &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;cs_sommaire_corps&#034;&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Libya&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_0'&gt;Libya&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Tunisia&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_1'&gt;Tunisia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Germany&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_2'&gt;Germany&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Belgium&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_3'&gt;Belgium&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Croatia/Bosnia and Herzegovina&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_4'&gt;Croatia/Bosnia and Herzegovina&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Spain&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_5'&gt;Spain&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Portugal&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_6'&gt;Portugal&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sweden&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_7'&gt;Sweden&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;United Kingdom&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_8'&gt;United Kingdom&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;United Kingdom/Nigeria&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_9'&gt;United Kingdom/Nigeria&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Adoption of the Return Regulation&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_10'&gt;Adoption of the Return Regulat&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;EU/Nigeria agreement&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_11'&gt;EU/Nigeria agreement&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Frontex&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_12'&gt;Frontex&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_0&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Libya&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;InfoMigrants, &lt;/i&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.infomigrants.net/fr/post/70330/mediterranee--2-500-migrants-interceptes-en-mer-et-ramenes-de-force-en-libye-depuis-le-debut-de-lannee-2026&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#8216;Mediterranean: 2,500 migrants intercepted at sea and forcibly returned to Libya since the start of&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;i&gt; 2026', 12 March 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Since the beginning of 2026, more than 2,500 migrants have been intercepted in the Mediterranean by the Libyan coastguard and forcibly returned to Libya. These interceptions are carried out on the basis of an agreement concluded in 2017 between Italy and Libya, which provides for logistical and financial support from Italy and the European Union to the Libyan authorities in order to prevent departures to Europe. An informal agreement that has effectively established a mechanism of systematic &#8216;pullbacks'&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb1&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;These operations aim to &#8220;physically prevent migrants from leaving the (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh1&#034;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; : interceptions at sea, coordinated by the European agency Frontex, followed by the forced return of people to the Libyan coast by local authorities, who are formally responsible for the search and rescue (SAR) zone. Migrants are then detained in Libyan camps. It is against this backdrop that the European Commission's recent decision to fund the construction of a Maritime Rescue Coordination Centre (MRCC) in Benghazi&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See on this subject InfoMigrants, &#8220;Mediterranean: EU to fund opening of (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh2&#034;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; has been taken. The project, promoted by the Italian government, extends the &#8216;pullback' mechanism to eastern Libya, complementing the centre already operational in Tripoli. Furthermore, the management of the new centre could be linked to the Tareq Ben Zayed militia, which controls the territory and is suspected of being involved in the attack on the humanitarian vessel Ocean Viking in August 2025&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See on this subject Migreurop, &#8220;European Union News &#8211; December 2025/February (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh3&#034;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; .&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Over the years, the cooperation between the European Union and Libya has facilitated the refoulement, arbitrary detention and torture of thousands of people&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See in particular the press release from Mediterranea, &#8220;More millions of (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh4&#034;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. A confidential European Union report from 2022&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb5&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See in particular AP, &#8220;Migrant abuses continue in Libya. So does EU border (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh5&#034;&gt;5&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; also notes &#8220;excessive use of force, disproportionate acts and armed violence&#8221; during interceptions at sea by the Libyan authorities. Furthermore, the conditions of detention for migrants in Libya have been the subject of numerous alerts due to serious human rights violations&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb6&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See, for example, the latest report by the OHCHR and UNSMIL, &#8220;Business as (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh6&#034;&gt;6&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; . Libya offers no guarantee of protection in line with international standards on protection and asylum. Despite this, European and Italian funding, aimed at outsourcing the management of migration to this unsafe country, continues to pour in.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_1&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tunisia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;BBC N&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;ews &lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;Africa&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;, &lt;/i&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.bbc.com/afrique/articles/czexg1nklkwo&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#8216;Prominent anti-racism activist in Tunisia sentenced to eight years in prison'&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;i&gt;, 21 March 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The Tunis Court of First Instance has sentenced anti-racism activist Saadia Mosbah to eight years in prison and a heavy fine for &#8220;money laundering&#8221; and &#8220;illicit enrichment&#8221;. This verdict comes against a backdrop of increasing criminalisation of migrant rights defenders in Tunisia. In recent years, Mosbah, president of the Mn&#232;mty association, has been at the forefront of defending the rights of migrants from sub-Saharan Africa, against President Ka&#239;s Sa&#239;ed's racist rhetoric and policies. For the past two years, Mn&#232;mty and many other organisations supporting migrants have been targeted by a wave of repression: government-orchestrated smear campaigns on social media, and the arrest and prosecution of activists. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The criminalisation of Tunisian civil society continues with the tacit consent of the European Union, which has granted over &#8364;100 million in funding to Tunisia under a migration deal concluded in 2023, aimed at preventing migrants from crossing the Mediterranean. Mosbah and the convicted activists are now paying the price for this arrangement&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb7&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See in particular the joint statement &#8220;For the release of activist Saadia (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh7&#034;&gt;7&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; : by supporting Sa&#239;ed's migration policy with the aim of deterring departures, the EU bears responsibility for the arbitrary arrests of human rights defenders in Tunisia and for the violations of their fundamental rights.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_2&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Germany&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;Info&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;Migrants&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;,&lt;/i&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.infomigrants.net/fr/post/70638/allemagne--apres-la-visite-dalcharaa-merz-espere-un-retour-massif-des-refugies-syriens&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#8216;Germany: following al-Charaa's visit, Merz hopes for a mass return of Syrian refugees'&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;i&gt;', 31 March 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;During a visit by Syrian President Ahmed al-Charaa to Berlin on Monday 30 March, German Chancellor Friedrich Merz stated his intention to deport, in the medium term, 80% of Syrian refugees currently in Germany. According to him, there would no longer be any reason for these people to remain on German soil following the fall of the Assad regime.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The idea of deporting such a large number of people reveals a xenophobic and racist approach, aimed at getting rid of those considered &#8216;undesirable' on German soil as quickly as possible and at any cost&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb8&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;As demonstrated by recent agreements with the Taliban in Afghanistan (2025) (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh8&#034;&gt;8&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; . Furthermore, Syria remains a deeply unstable country, marked by the destruction of essential infrastructure. In October 2025, the German Foreign Minister stated during a visit to the country that it was &#8220;practically impossible for people to live there with dignity in the short term&#8221;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb9&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See on this subject Migreurop, Press Review December 2025, 5 January 2025&#034; id=&#034;nh9&#034;&gt;9&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; . Serious human rights violations also continue to be documented in the country. On 12 March, the Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Syrian Arab Republic presented its latest report to the United Nations Human Rights Council, revealing that the political transition remains undermined by human rights violations such as extrajudicial executions, acts of torture and ill-treatment, as well as enforced disappearances&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb10&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;United Nations Human Rights Council, &#8216;Report of the Independent (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh10&#034;&gt;10&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. Under these circumstances, the safety of the deported nationals cannot be guaranteed, and Germany risks becoming complicit in such human rights violations.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_3&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Belgium&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;Politi&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;co&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;, &lt;/i&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.politico.eu/article/belgium-migration-asylum-seeker-court-suspension-anneleen-van-bossuyt/&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#8216;Belgium to press ahead with restriction on asylum-seekers despite court decision'&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;i&gt;, 4 March 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The Belgian Constitutional Court has temporarily suspended a measure aimed at restricting access to material reception conditions for migrants who have already been granted protection in another EU Member State. The Court emphasised that this provision could cause &#8220;serious and difficult-to-repair harm&#8221; by exposing people to precarious circumstances&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb11&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Constitutional Court, Judgment No. 23/2026, 26 February 2026&#034; id=&#034;nh11&#034;&gt;11&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. Despite this suspension, the Belgian government has stated its intention to continue applying this measure in order to &#8220;avoid overburdeningthe reception system&#8221;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Since 2021, the Belgian authorities have refused to adapt this system to the increase in asylum applications, exposing many migrants to undignified living conditions, without access to healthcare or appropriate accommodation. More than 12,000 rulings by national and international courts have ordered Belgium to provide dignified reception. Yet these rulings have been systematically ignored and circumvented, particularly since the new government came to power in 2023, adopting a more restrictive migration policy&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb12&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See on this subject Amnesty International &#8220;Belgium. Persistent shortcomings (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh12&#034;&gt;12&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. This disregard for Belgian court rulings is part of a broader context of challenges to national, European and international law on migration: it comes as no surprise that the country features on the list of states that signed an open letter in 2025 calling for a more flexible interpretation of the European Convention on Human Rights, in particular Article 3 (prohibition of inhuman or degrading treatment) and Article 8 (protection of private and family life)&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb13&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See the open letter signed by the Heads of State of Italy, Denmark, Austria, (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh13&#034;&gt;13&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. Belgium has thus chosen to protect its borders from an imagined migration threat, in defiance of human rights.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_4&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Croatia/Bosnia and Herzegovina&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;In&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;foM&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;igrants&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;,&lt;/i&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.infomigrants.net/en/post/70231/migration-management-measures-reinforced-in-bosnia-herzegovina-and-croatia residents'&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#8216;On the border between Croatia and Bosnia, the construction of a reception centre divides&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;i&gt;, 13 March 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Croatia recently announced the construction of a new &#8220;reception centre&#8221; for migrants on its border with Bosnia and Herzegovina. At the same time, the European agency Frontex plans to increase the presence of its officers in Bosnia, which the EU considers a major &#8220;geopolitical investment&#8221; in the management of migration flows. The stated aim is to achieve a &#8220;high level&#8221; of cooperation with the Bosni an border police in the &#8220;fight against illegal immigration and the prevention of cross-border crime&#8221;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Bosnia and Herzegovina is a candidate for accession to the European Union and constitutes a stop on the Balkan migration route: a key location for the consolidation of &#8216;Fortress Europe'. Its border with Croatia is notoriously marked by impunity for human rights violations committed by Croatian and Bosnian authorities&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb14&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See in this regard the report by the Border Violence Monitoring Network, (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh14&#034;&gt;14&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. The pushbacks of migrants attempting to reach European soil are rife, and asylum seekers who manage to reach Croatia are placed in asylum seeker centres (currently two in the country) under appalling conditions. Access to healthcare is limited, hygiene conditions are poor, and cases of arbitrary rejection of certain applications for protection have been documented&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb15&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See in particular the Asylum Information Database (AIDA) and the European (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh15&#034;&gt;15&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; . Reports have also highlighted that the Croatian authorities have been implicated in the arbitrary detention and torture of people in so-called &#8216;irregular' situations in ad hoc facilities&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb16&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See the Global Detention Project's overview of Croatia, n.d.&#034; id=&#034;nh16&#034;&gt;16&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; . The construction of a centre on the border risks leading to an increase in such situations.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In this context, the increased presence of Frontex (which operates in Bosnia under a status agreementsigned in 2025 between the EU and Sarajevo&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb17&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;SeeCouncil Decision (EU) 2025/1348, 27 January 2025&#034; id=&#034;nh17&#034;&gt;17&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; ) risks contributing to the human rights violations described above. All the more so given that, under this agreement (Article 12), the agency enjoys immunity for all acts carried out as part of a joint operation in Bosnia and Herzegovina, before any criminal, civil or administrative court in the country&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb18&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See on this subject Migreurop, Press Review June 2025, 7 July 2025&#034; id=&#034;nh18&#034;&gt;18&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; .&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_5&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Spain&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;La &lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;Vanguardia&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;, &lt;/i&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.lavanguardia.com/vida/20260310/11486000/gobierno-garantiza-sanidad-publica-personas-inmigrantes-situacion-irregular.html&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#8216;Undocumented migrants will be able to access healthcare by making a sworn statement&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;i&gt;', 10 March 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Since 10 March 2026, the Spanish healthcare system has been open to people without the necessary documents to reside in the country. This measure removes administrative barriers that previously prevented many people from accessing medical care. Under the new rules, anyone able to prove their residence in Spain can apply for healthcare coverage at their local health centre and immediately benefit from temporary cover whilst their application is being processed. As the Spanish Minister of Health emphasised, this measure &#8220;aims to ensure fairness and prevent inequalities&#8221;, whilst enabling &#8220;better monitoring of illnesses in primary care and a more efficient use of public resources&#8221;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;This decision follows an &#8216;extraordinary' regularisation measure for migrants (2026) and the Spanish government's explicit refusal to support the European &lt;i&gt;&#8216;&lt;/i&gt;returnhubs' project (countries outside Europe to which people without the right to stay in Europe would be deported), established by the Return Regulation, the negotiating mandate for which was confirmed on 26 March by the European Parliament. It should nevertheless be noted that Spain continues to outsource the management of migration, particularly to Morocco and Mauritania, which makes it complicit in the human rights violations committed against people on the move in these countries&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb19&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See on this subject: Human Rights Watch, &#8220;Mauritania: Years of abuses linked (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh19&#034;&gt;19&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; .&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_6&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Portugal&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;The &lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;Po&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;rtug&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;al &lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;Post, &lt;/i&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://theportugalpost.com/posts/portugal-tightens-immigration-laws-detention-extended-to-18-months-and-deportation-rules-transformed&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#8216;Portugal Tightens Immigration Laws: Detention Extended to 18 Months and Deportation Rules Transformed&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;i&gt; ', 19 March 2025&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The Portuguese government has approved a bill marking a further step in the repressive shift in its policy towards migrants. The maximum period of administrative detention for people without the right to stay has been extended (from 60 to 540 days) and those who apply for protection after entering the country outside authorised border posts will be subject to stricter coercive measures, including detention, while their case is being examined. The text also introduces an entry ban in the event of forced expulsion for up to five years, a period which may be extended in the event of a criminal conviction or a threat to national security. Furthermore, lodging an application for protection will no longer suspend the deportation procedure, and finally, any person without the right to reside is subject to an &#8216;obligation to leave voluntarily' (!) : those concerned must leave the country without waiting for formal notification, on pain of forced deportation and therefore a ban on entry. This reform removes the interim period between formal notification and the actual loss of the right to reside, a period which until now allowed individuals to regularise their administrative status or consult a lawyer. It should be noted that, according to the text, these forced removal measures will not apply to minors under the age of 16. The draft bill is currently under parliamentary scrutiny.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Several organisations defending the rights of migrants have condemned this as a political manoeuvre by the centre-right coalition aimed at appealing to a more conservative electorate in the run-up to future elections. This strategy is part of a broader trend observed in other European states where migrants are being exploited for electoral purposes, with a populist agenda.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;With the adoption of a new European regulation on the return of persons without the right to reside in the EU, which is directly applicable in Member States, measures against migrants awaiting deportation are set to become even harsher.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_7&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sweden&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;Le &lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;Mon&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;de&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;, &lt;/i&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.lemonde.fr/international/article/2026/03/24/la-suede-presente-un-projet-de-loi-qui-prevoit-d-expulser-les-migrants-qui-ne-menent-pas-une-vie-honnete_6674072_3210.html&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#8216;Sweden presents a bill to deport migrants who do not lead an &#8216;honest life'&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;i&gt;', 24 March 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;R&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;F&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;I&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;, &lt;/i&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.rfi.fr/fr/europe/20260325-su%C3%A8de-le-gouvernement-poursuit-un-projet-de-loi-visant-%C3%A0-d%C3%A9noncer-les-migrants-sans-titre-de-s%C3%A9jour&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#8216;Sweden: government pushes ahead with bill to report migrants without residence&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;i&gt; permits'&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;, 25 March 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;At the end of March, the Swedish government presented two bills aimed at stepping up the deportation of migrants. The first provides for the deportation of migrants who do not lead an &#8216;honest life'. The second would oblige six public administrations (the employment agency, social security, the prison service, the debt collection agency, the pensions authority and the tax authority) to report to the police those suspected of so-called &#8220;irregular&#8221; residence. It also introduces new grounds for revoking residence permits when a person is considered a &#8216;threat' to public order or national security, or when they have provided inaccurate information in their application.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The first measure causes serious concern due to its vague and discretionary nature. What criteria would be used to define an &#8216;honest life'? What methods would be employed to assess an individual's alleged moral character? This measure, which relies on deeply subjective assessments, would pave the way for the establishment of two parallel normative systems. Statements that are not criminally punishable could thus lead to the deportation of migrants, whereas they would have no legal consequences for Swedish citizens. Furthermore, there is a risk of creating a chilling effect on freedom of expression and of reinforcing self-censorship among migrants.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The second bill is part of a broader, Europe-wide drive to strengthen widespread surveillance of private and public spaces in order to &#8216;flush out' those without the right to reside. It would accentuate the role of government agencies as tools of control, threatening the right to privacy due to the potential sharing of sensitive data, encouraging racial profiling and discrimination based on appearance, and creating ethical dilemmas for public sector professionals&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb20&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;The same concerns have been raised regarding the &#8216;Return' Regulation, (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh20&#034;&gt;20&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; .&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_8&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;United Kingdom&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;The &lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;Gu&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;ardian&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;, &lt;/i&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2026/mar/05/what-are-shabana-mahmoods-changes-to-the-asylum-system&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#8216;What are Shabana Mahmood's changes to the asylum system?&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;i&gt; ', 5 March 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;On 5 March, the British Home Secretary Shabana Mahmood announced the implementation of new measures on migration and asylum. Refugee status is now reduced from five years to 30 months (renewable). At the end of this period, if the third country is considered safe, its nationals may be deported there. Furthermore, the period required to obtain permanent resident status has been extended from 10 to 20 years, the obligation to provide public financial support to asylum seekers has been suspended, and up to &#163;40,000 will be offered to families whose asylum applications have been rejected to return voluntarily to their country: if they refuse, the authorities will be able to use force, including against minors.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The latest in a long line of tightening measures in UK immigration policy, this new set of repressive measures strays from the spirit, if not the letter, of the human rights conventions to which the United Kingdom is a State part. Firstly, migrant people will be kept in a state of constant uncertainty, preventing them from rebuilding their lives and exposing them to a constant threat of deportation&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb21&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See, on this subject, The Guardian, &#8216;Mahmood's new rules will leave refugees (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh21&#034;&gt;21&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; . Furthermore, the possibility of forcibly returning families whose asylum applications have been or will be rejected risks violating the right to respect for private and family life, protected by Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights, as well as the principle of the best interests of the child, enshrined in the Convention on the Rights of the Child and recognised by all European human rights instruments. Finally, the forced return of nationals from countries considered safe could constitute a form of discrimination based on nationality.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Several British civil society organisations have condemned these developments in a joint statement. They are calling on the government to suspend the reduction in the duration of refugee status, describing the UK policy as &#8216;performative cruelty', a source of instability, injustice and inefficiency&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb22&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See in particular Scottish Refugee Council, &#8220;Charities urge UK government to (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh22&#034;&gt;22&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; .&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_9&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;United Kingdom/Nigeria&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;B&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;B&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;C&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;, &lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#8220;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/crm1w24p8p7o&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&lt;i&gt;UK agrees deal to ease migrant returns to Nigeria&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;i&gt; &#8221;, 19 March 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;On 19 March, the UK and Nigeria reached an agreement aimed at speeding up the deportation of Nigerian nationals who do not have the right to remain, have been convicted by the courts, or whose asylum applications have been rejected. From now on, the British authorities will no longer have to wait for Nigeria to issue consular laissez-passer to proceed with a deportation: the Nigerian authorities will accept identification documents issued by the United Kingdom (the &lt;i&gt;&#8216;UK &lt;/i&gt;letters'). The agreement also provides for enhanced cooperation in the fight against &#8220;smuggling networks&#8221;. In this regard, Nigeria has committed to reviewing its national legislation to ensure harsher penalties for &#8220;migration-related offences&#8221;, which risks leading to increased criminalisation of migrants, as well as solidarity organisations.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The use of informal documents such as &lt;i&gt;UK letters &lt;/i&gt;could lead to arbitrary deportations, due to unilateral identification (identity and nationality) of the person forcibly returned by the UK. This measure could also infringe upon the right to private and family life of Nigerians residing in the UK.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;This agreement marks a new stage in the &#8216;return diplomacy'&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb23&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See in particular Migreurop, Press review October 2025, 15 November 2025&#034; id=&#034;nh23&#034;&gt;23&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; pursued by the UK since Keir Starmer's government came to power. As early as September 2025, Home Secretary Shabana Mahmood had implemented a strategy to suspend the issuance of visas for nationals of certain African countries (Democratic Republic of the Congo, Namibia, Angola) as a means of pressure to secure more &#8216;effective' cooperation from these countries in the readmission of deported individuals&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb24&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See InfoMigrants, &#8220;UK uses visa restrictions to pressure African countries (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh24&#034;&gt;24&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; .&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_10&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Adoption of the Return Regulation&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;Lib&#233;ration&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;,&lt;/i&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.liberation.fr/international/europe/le-parlement-europeen-en-passe-dapprouver-des-hubs-de-retour-pour-migrants-20260326_2ORGECM5GVEDHKBQ4HXLG7FVFM/&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#8220;European Parliament approves creation of &#8216;return hubs' for migrants outside the EU&#8221;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;i&gt;, 26 March 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;On 26 March 2026, the European Parliament confirmed in plenary the negotiating mandate adopted by the LIBE Committee for a new common system regarding the expulsion of third-country nationals without the right to reside in the Union (known as the &#8216;Return Regulation'), resulting from an alliance between the right and the far right. Among the measures envisaged: systematic detention for all migrants (extension of the grounds for detention, maximum detention period increased to 24 months and cumulative across Member States, possibility of detention in prisons); deportations to third countries (&lt;i&gt;return hubs&lt;/i&gt;), without effective oversight by European institutions and without a suspension clause in the event of rights violations; an acceleration of forced returns through the mutual recognition of deportation measures between Member States, potentially without individual review, and which may be enforced prior to any final decision; in certain cases, permanent entry bans into EU territory are envisaged.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The umpteenth milestone in the war on migrants that began 30 years ago, this regulation consolidates the long-standing erosion of rights, crossing new red lines. It risks leading, in very concrete terms, to dangerous returns, violations of the right to an effective remedy and the principle of non-refoulement, and exposing people on the move to inhuman and degrading treatment&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb25&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See in particular the Migreurop press release,&#8220;Adoption of the European (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh25&#034;&gt;25&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; . The speed of this vote is also worrying, as the proposed text was adopted by the European Parliament barely a year after the Commission's proposal. This reveals that the far-right agenda is now taking hold at the highest levels of the European institutions: in the wake of the European Pact, the Return Regulation enshrines a reshaping of EU law to adapt it to a racist, anti-migration and anti-democratic ideology&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb26&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Ibid.&#034; id=&#034;nh26&#034;&gt;26&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; .&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_11&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;EU/Nigeria agreement&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;Euobserv&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;er&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;,&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#8220;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://euobserver.com/208101/eu-offers-cash-and-defence-deal-as-it-inks-migrant-returns-pact-with-nigeria/&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; hreflang=&#034;en&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&lt;i&gt;EU offers cash and defence deal as it links migrant returns pact with Nigeria&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#8221;, 23 March 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Nigeria and the European Union have concluded an agreement for the return of Nigerian nationals without the right to reside in the EU, in exchange for &#8364;288 million in funding for digitalisation, the modernisation of the health sector and agricultural value chains in Nigeria.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The agreement illustrates the European trend of linking cooperation on deportations to promises of economic and diplomatic benefits (the &#8216;cash-for-migrants' approach), to the detriment of the fundamental rights of displaced persons. Nigeria is indeed facing growing insecurity, high inflation, violence by local armed groups, allegations of torture and deep-seated exclusion of young people, exacerbated by a decline in civil and political freedoms. In this context, the deportation of Nigerian nationals from the EU could expose some individuals to inhuman and degrading treatment and social exclusion, due to limited prospects for reintegration. Furthermore, similar informal agreements in the Sahel region have coincided with harsh anti-migration laws, the criminalisation of civil society, and the militarisation of borders, contributing to the normalisation of repression under the guise of ensuring &#8216;stability' and &#8216;order'&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb27&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;In particular the 2022 EU-Niger partnership&#034; id=&#034;nh27&#034;&gt;27&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; at the national level.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_12&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Frontex&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;Le Monde,&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.lemonde.fr/societe/article/2026/03/24/fabrice-leggeri-ex-directeur-de-frontex-et-eurodepute-rn-vise-par-une-enquete-pour-complicite-de-crimes-contre-l-humanite_6674028_3224.html&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&#8220;Fabrice Leggeri, former director of Frontex and RN MEP, under investigation for complicity in crimes against humanity'&lt;/a&gt;&#8221;, 24 March 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Following a complaint lodged by NGOs (the Human Rights League and Utopia 56) in April 2024, anU e investigation was opened in France against Fabrice Leggeri, former director of Frontex (2015&#8211;2022) and far-right MEP (Patriots for Europe group). He is accused of complicity in crimes against humanity and the crime of torture, in connection with acts of , pushbacks and failure to assist refugees at sea, linked to the deterrence practices implemented by Member States and their enforcement arm, Frontex.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Whilst the opening of an investigation into Leggeri, who sits in the European Parliament as an MEP for the National Rally, represents an important symbolic step, it should be noted that Frontex's mandate and activities have, since the agency's creation, been fundamentally incompatible with respect for fundamental rights. The rights violations committed with impunity and with the complicity of Frontex &#8211; denounced by NGOs since 2004 &#8211; took place before Leggeri's appointment and continued after his resignation in 2022.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Frontex is the instrument of a repressive policy of mobility restriction that has proven to be incompatible with respect for rights. Within the framework of the agency's mandate, numerous illegal operations have been carried out and extensively documented: collective expulsions, obstruction of the right to asylum, mass pushbacks on the high seas, failure to assist persons in danger, and collaboration with Libyan militias to intercept boats before they reach European territorial waters.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Since its creation in 2004, its mandate, powers and resources have been continually strengthened, and its budget has multiplied in recent years (rising from &#8364;6 million in 2005 to over &#8364;1 billion in 2026). In June 2026, the European Commission will present to Parliament a fifth revision of the agency's mandate, aimed at further expanding its activities and resources (increased use of surveillance technologies, third-country removals, and an increase in staff from 10,000 to 30,000).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Whilst Frontex had hitherto enjoyed structural impunity, in December 2025 the Court of Justice of the EU ruled that EU law imposed obligations on Frontex regarding the protection of fundamental rights&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb28&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See on this subject Migreurop, Press review December 2025, 5 January 2026&#034; id=&#034;nh28&#034;&gt;28&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; . It was about time.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;hr /&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_notes'&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb1&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh1&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 1&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;These operations aim to &#8220;physically prevent migrants from leaving the territory of their country of origin or a transit country, or to forcibly return them to that territory, before they can reach the jurisdiction of their country of destination. This means that, unlike &#8216;pushbacks', which are carried out when a person actually crosses the border, &#8216;pullbacks' take place before that.&#8221; &#8221;, Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, May 2021.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 2&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;See on this subject InfoMigrants, &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.infomigrants.net/fr/post/69469/mediterranee--lue-va-financer-louverture-dun-centre-de-sauvetage-dans-lest-libyen-pour-intercepter-les-migrants-en-mer&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&#8220;Mediterranean: EU to fund opening of rescue centre in eastern Libya to intercept migrants at&lt;/a&gt; sea&#8221;, 27 January 2026&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 3&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;See on this subject Migreurop, &lt;a href=&#034;https://migreurop.org/article3548.html?lang_article=fr&#034;&gt;&#8220;European Union News &#8211; December 2025/February&lt;/a&gt; 2026&#8221;, 4 March 2026&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 4&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;See in particular the press release from Mediterranea, &lt;a href=&#034;https://mediterranearescue.org/it/news/ancora-milioni-di-euro-per-la-collaborazione-con-criminali-di-guerra-in-libia&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&#8220;More millions of euros for collaboration with war criminals in Libya&lt;/a&gt;&#8221;, 9 January 2026&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb5&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh5&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 5&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;5&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;See in particular AP, &lt;a href=&#034;https://apnews.com/article/coronavirus-pandemic-business-health-libya-migration-a30dd342513aeeede5a7558de4c3089d&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&#8220;Migrant abuses continue in Libya. So does EU border&lt;/a&gt; training&#8221;, 25 January 2022, and the report by the Council of the European Union &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/21185907-libyan-coast-guard-and-navy-monitoring-four-months-report-august-november-2021/%20du%20Co&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&#8220;Four monthly Libyan coast guard and navy monitoring&lt;/a&gt; report&#8221;, August&#8211;November 2021&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb6&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh6&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 6&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;6&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;See, for example, the latest report by the OHCHR and UNSMIL, &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.ohchr.org/en/documents/reports/business-usual-human-rights-violations-and-abuses-against-migrants-asylum-seekers&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&#8220;Business as Usual: Human Rights Violations and Abuses against Migrants, Asylum-Seekers, and Refugees in&lt;/a&gt; Libya&#8221;, 17 February 2026&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb7&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh7&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 7&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;7&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;See in particular the joint statement &#8220;&lt;a href=&#034;https://tunisiansolidarity.org/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A3%D8%AC%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AC-%D8%B9%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%A9-%D8%B3%D8%B9%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9/&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;For the release of activist Saadia&lt;/a&gt; Mosbah&#8221;, 10 March 2026&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb8&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh8&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 8&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;8&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;As demonstrated by recent agreements with the Taliban in &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.infomigrants.net/fr/post/70091/lallemagne-expulse-20-criminels-afghans-vers-kaboul&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Afghanistan&lt;/a&gt; (2025) and with &lt;a href=&#034;https://turkishminute.com/2024/09/28/germany-turkey-odd-over-migrant-deportation-deal/?utm_source=chatgpt.com&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Turkey&lt;/a&gt; (2024), aimed at speeding up the deportation of their nationals, Afghans and Turks make up a large proportion of the migrant populations living in Germany.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb9&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh9&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 9&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;9&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;See on this subject Migreurop, &lt;a href=&#034;https://migreurop.org/article3516.html?lang_article=fr#outil_sommaire_2&#034;&gt;Press Review December 2025&lt;/a&gt;, 5 January 2025&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb10&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh10&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 10&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;10&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;United Nations Human Rights Council, &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/hrbodies/hrcouncil/sessions-regular/session61/advance-version/a-hrc-61-62-auv.pdf&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&#8216;Report of the Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Syrian Arab&lt;/a&gt; Republic', 12 March 2026&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb11&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh11&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 11&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;11&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Constitutional Court, &lt;a href=&#034;https://fr.const-court.be/public/f/2026/2026-023f.pdf&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Judgment No. 23/2026&lt;/a&gt;, 26 February 2026&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb12&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh12&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 12&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;12&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt; See on this subject Amnesty International &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.amnesty.org/fr/latest/news/2025/04/belgium-persistent-failure-to-provide-reception-violates-rights-and-dignity-of-people-seeking-asylum/&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&#8220;Belgium. Persistent shortcomings in reception violate the rights and dignity of asylum&lt;/a&gt; seekers&#8221;, 3 April 2025&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb13&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh13&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 13&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;13&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;See the &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.governo.it/sites/governo.it/files/Lettera_aperta_22052025.pdf&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;open letter&lt;/a&gt; signed by the Heads of State of Italy, Denmark, Austria, Belgium, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland, 22 May 2025&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb14&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh14&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 14&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;14&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;See in this regard the report by the Border Violence Monitoring Network, &lt;a href=&#034;https://borderviolence.eu/blog/clothes-in-rivers-backpacks-on-fire-the-visibility-of-border-crossings-and-illegal-pushbacks-at-the-croatian-bosnian-border&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&#8220;Clothes in the river, backpacks on fire: The (in)visibility of pushbacks at the Croatian-Bosnian&lt;/a&gt; border&#8221;, 11 June 2024&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb15&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh15&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 15&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;15&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;See in particular the Asylum Information Database (AIDA) and the European Council on Refugees and Migrants (ECRE), &lt;a href=&#034;https://asylumineurope.org/reports/country/croatia/reception-conditions/housing/conditions-reception-facilities/&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&#8220;Conditions in reception facilities:&lt;/a&gt; Croatia&#8221;, last updated 20 January&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb16&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh16&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 16&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;16&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;See &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.globaldetentionproject.org/countries/europe/croatia&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;the&lt;/a&gt; Global Detention Project's &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.globaldetentionproject.org/countries/europe/croatia&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;overview of Croatia&lt;/a&gt;, n.d.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb17&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh17&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 17&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;17&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;See&lt;a href=&#034;https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dec/2025/1348/oj/fra&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Council Decision (EU) 2025/1348&lt;/a&gt;, 27 January 2025 &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb18&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh18&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 18&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;18&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;See on this subject Migreurop, &lt;a href=&#034;https://migreurop.org/article3434.html&#034;&gt;Press Review June 2025&lt;/a&gt;, 7 July 2025&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb19&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh19&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 19&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;19&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;See on this subject: Human Rights Watch, &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.hrw.org/fr/news/2025/08/27/mauritanie-des-annees-dabus-lies-aux-controles-des-migrations&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&#8220;Mauritania: Years of abuses linked to migration&lt;/a&gt; controls&#8221;, 27 August 2025; ASGI &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.asgi.it/en/publication/morocco-border-policies-at-the-root-of-forced-disappearances-and-human-rights-violations/&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&#8220;Morocco: Border policies at the root of forced disappearances and human rights&lt;/a&gt; violations&#8221;, 14 April 2025&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb20&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh20&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 20&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;20&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;The same concerns have been raised regarding the &#8216;Return' Regulation, adopted on 26 March by the European Parliament. See on this subject the joint press release &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.gisti.org/spip.php?article7685&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&#8216;Return Regulation: no to a European law that authorises home searches, police in public services and racial&lt;/a&gt; profiling', 23 February 2026&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb21&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh21&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 21&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;21&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;See, on this subject, The Guardian, &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2026/mar/08/mahmoods-new-rules-will-leave-refugees-in-cruel-state-of-uncertainty&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&#8216;Mahmood's new rules will leave refugees in a cruel state of&lt;/a&gt; uncertainty', 8 March 2026&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb22&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh22&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 22&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;22&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;See in particular Scottish Refugee Council, &lt;a href=&#034;https://scottishrefugeecouncil.org.uk/refugee-asylum-labour-changes-shabanamahmood/&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&#8220;Charities urge UK government to &#8216;step up' and be honest about realities of&lt;/a&gt; migration&#8221;, 5 March 2026&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb23&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh23&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 23&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;23&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;See in particular Migreurop, &lt;a href=&#034;https://migreurop.org/article3482.html&#034;&gt;Press review October 2025&lt;/a&gt;, 15 November 2025&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb24&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh24&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 24&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;24&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;See InfoMigrants, &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.infomigrants.net/en/post/68956/uk-uses-visa-restrictions-to-pressure-african-countries-on-deportation-deals&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&#8220;UK uses visa restrictions to pressure African countries on deportation&lt;/a&gt; deals&#8221;, 30 December 2025&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb25&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh25&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 25&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;25&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;See in particular the Migreurop press release,&lt;a href=&#034;https://migreurop.org/article3560.html?lang_article=fr&#034;&gt;&#8220;Adoption of the European &#8216;return' regulation: the death of international law&lt;/a&gt;&#8221;, 26 March 2026&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb26&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh26&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 26&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;26&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Ibid.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb27&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh27&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 27&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;27&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;In particular the 2022 &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.eeas.europa.eu/niger/lunion-europeenne-et-le-niger_fr&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;EU-Niger partnership&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb28&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh28&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 28&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;28&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;See on this subject Migreurop, &lt;a href=&#034;https://migreurop.org/article3516.html?lang_article=fr&#034;&gt;Press review December 2025&lt;/a&gt;, 5 January 2026&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		</content:encoded>


		
		<enclosure url="https://migreurop.org/IMG/pdf/draft_press_review_march_2026.pdf" length="266346" type="application/pdf" />
		

	</item>
<item xml:lang="fr">
		<title>Revue de presse mars 2026</title>
		<link>https://migreurop.org/article3571.html</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://migreurop.org/article3571.html</guid>
		<dc:date>2026-04-08T13:22:39Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>fr</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Camille</dc:creator>


		<dc:subject>Libye</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Tunisie</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Allemagne</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Belgique</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Croatie</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Bosnie-Herz&#233;govine</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Espagne</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Portugal</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Su&#232;de</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Royaume-Uni</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Nigeria</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Union Europ&#233;enne</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Asile</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Criminalisation des solidarit&#233;s</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Enfermement</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Externalisation</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Frontex</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Politiques migratoires</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Racisme</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Renvois forc&#233;s</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Surveillance et contr&#244;le</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>r&#232;glement retour</dc:subject>

		<description>
&lt;p&gt;Libye InfoMigrants, &#171; M&#233;diterran&#233;e : 2 500 migrants intercept&#233;s en mer et ramen&#233;s de force en Libye depuis le d&#233;but de l'ann&#233;e 2026 &#187;, 12 mars 2026 &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Depuis d&#233;but 2026, plus de 2 500 migrant&#183;e&#183;s ont &#233;t&#233; intercept&#233;&#183;e&#183;s en M&#233;diterran&#233;e par les garde-c&#244;tes libyens et renvoy&#233;&#183;e&#183;s de force en Libye. Ces interceptions s'inscrivent dans le cadre d'un arrangement conclu en 2017 entre l'Italie et la Libye, qui pr&#233;voit un soutien logistique et financier de l'Italie et de l'Union europ&#233;enne aux (&#8230;)&lt;/p&gt;


-
&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/rubrique461.html" rel="directory"&gt;Revues de presse&lt;/a&gt;

/ 
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&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot31.html" rel="tag"&gt;Bosnie-Herz&#233;govine&lt;/a&gt;, 
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&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot208.html" rel="tag"&gt;Union Europ&#233;enne&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot203.html" rel="tag"&gt;Asile&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot172.html" rel="tag"&gt;Criminalisation des solidarit&#233;s&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot169.html" rel="tag"&gt;Enfermement&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot168.html" rel="tag"&gt;Externalisation&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot173.html" rel="tag"&gt;Frontex&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot194.html" rel="tag"&gt;Politiques migratoires&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot206.html" rel="tag"&gt;Racisme&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot176.html" rel="tag"&gt;Renvois forc&#233;s&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot195.html" rel="tag"&gt;Surveillance et contr&#244;le&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot227.html" rel="tag"&gt;r&#232;glement retour&lt;/a&gt;

		</description>


 <content:encoded>&lt;img src='https://migreurop.org/local/cache-vignettes/L150xH150/visuel_rp-2-38691.png?1775654589' class='spip_logo spip_logo_right' width='150' height='150' alt=&#034;&#034; /&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;div class=&#034;cs_sommaire cs_sommaire_avec_fond&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire&#034;&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;cs_sommaire_inner&#034;&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;cs_sommaire_titre_avec_fond&#034;&gt; Sommaire &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;cs_sommaire_corps&#034;&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Libye&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_0'&gt;Libye&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Tunisie&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_1'&gt;Tunisie&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Allemagne&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_2'&gt;Allemagne&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Belgique&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_3'&gt;Belgique&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Croatie/Bosnie-Herz&#233;govine&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_4'&gt;Croatie/Bosnie-Herz&#233;govine&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Espagne&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_5'&gt;Espagne&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Portugal&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_6'&gt;Portugal&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Su&#232;de&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_7'&gt;Su&#232;de&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Royaume-Uni&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_8'&gt;Royaume-Uni&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Royaume-Uni/Nigeria&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_9'&gt;Royaume-Uni/Nigeria&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Adoption du r&#232;glement retour&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_10'&gt;Adoption du r&#232;glement retour&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Arrangement UE / Nigeria&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_11'&gt;Arrangement UE / Nigeria&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Frontex&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_12'&gt;Frontex&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_0&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Libye&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;InfoMigrants, &#171; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.infomigrants.net/fr/post/70330/mediterranee--2-500-migrants-interceptes-en-mer-et-ramenes-de-force-en-libye-depuis-le-debut-de-lannee-2026&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&lt;i&gt;M&#233;diterran&#233;e : 2 500 migrants intercept&#233;s en mer et ramen&#233;s de force en Libye depuis le d&#233;but de l'ann&#233;e 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;i&gt; &#187;, 12 mars 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Depuis d&#233;but 2026, plus de 2 500 migrant&#183;e&#183;s ont &#233;t&#233; intercept&#233;&#183;e&#183;s en M&#233;diterran&#233;e par les garde-c&#244;tes libyens et renvoy&#233;&#183;e&#183;s de force en Libye. Ces interceptions s'inscrivent dans le cadre d'un arrangement conclu en 2017 entre l'Italie et la Libye, qui pr&#233;voit un soutien logistique et financier de l'Italie et de l'Union europ&#233;enne aux autorit&#233;s libyennes afin d'emp&#234;cher les d&#233;parts vers l'Europe. Un accord informel qui a de fait mis en place un m&#233;canisme de &#171; pullbacks &#187;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-1&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Ces op&#233;rations visent &#224; &#171; emp&#234;cher physiquement les migrant&#183;e&#183;s de quitter (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh2-1&#034;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; syst&#233;matiques : des interceptions en mer, coordonn&#233;es par l'agence europ&#233;enne Frontex, suivies du renvoi forc&#233; des personnes vers les c&#244;tes libyennes par les autorit&#233;s locales, formellement responsables de la zone de recherche et de sauvetage (SAR). Les personnes migrantes sont ensuite enferm&#233;es dans des camps libyens. C'est dans ce contexte que s'inscrit la d&#233;cision r&#233;cente de la Commission europ&#233;enne de financer la construction d'un centre de coordination des secours maritimes (MRCC) &#224; Benghazi&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-2&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir &#224; ce sujet InfoMigrants, &#171; M&#233;diterran&#233;e : l'UE va financer l'ouverture (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh2-2&#034;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. Le projet, port&#233; par le gouvernement italien, &#233;tend le m&#233;canisme de &#171; pullback &#187; &#224; l'est de la Libye, en compl&#233;ment du centre d&#233;j&#224; op&#233;rationnel &#224; Tripoli. Par ailleurs, la gestion du nouveau centre pourrait &#234;tre li&#233;e &#224; la milice Tareq Ben Zayed, qui contr&#244;le le territoire et est soup&#231;onn&#233;e d'&#234;tre impliqu&#233;e dans l'attaque du navire humanitaire Ocean Viking en ao&#251;t 2025&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-3&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir &#224; ce sujet Migreurop, &#171; Actualit&#233;s de l'Union europ&#233;enne - d&#233;cembre (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh2-3&#034;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Cette coop&#233;ration entre l'Union europ&#233;enne et la Libye a permis, au fil des ann&#233;es, le refoulement, la d&#233;tention arbitraire et la torture de milliers de personnes&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-4&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir notamment le communiqu&#233; de Mediterranea, &#171; Ancora milioni di euro per (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh2-4&#034;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. Un rapport confidentiel de l'Union europ&#233;enne datant de 2022&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-5&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir notamment AP, &#171; Migrant abuses continue in Libya. So does EU border (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh2-5&#034;&gt;5&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; fait d'ailleurs &#233;tat &#171; d'un usage excessif de la force, d'actes disproportionn&#233;s et de violence arm&#233;e &#187; lors des interceptions en mer par les autorit&#233;s libyennes. Par ailleurs, les conditions de d&#233;tention des migrant&#183;e&#183;s en Libye ont fait l'objet de nombreuses alertes en raison de graves violations des droits humains&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-6&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir, par exemple, le dernier rapport de l'OHCHR et de l'UNSMIL &#171; Business (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh2-6&#034;&gt;6&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. La Libye n'offre aucune garantie de protection conforme aux standards internationaux en mati&#232;re de protection et d'asile. Malgr&#233; cela, les financements europ&#233;ens et italiens, visant &#224; externaliser la gestion des mouvements migratoiresvers ce pays non s&#251;r, continuent d'affluer.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_1&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tunisie&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;BBC News Afrique, &#171; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.bbc.com/afrique/articles/czexg1nklkwo&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Une militante antiraciste de premier plan en Tunisie condamn&#233;e &#224; huit ans de prison&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;i&gt; &#187;, le 21 mars 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Le tribunal de premi&#232;re instance de Tunis a condamn&#233; la militante antiraciste Saadia Mosbah, &#224; huit ans de prison et &#224; une lourde amende pour &#171; blanchiment d'argent &#187; et &#171; enrichissement illicite &#187;. Ce verdict s'inscrit dans un contexte de criminalisation croissante des d&#233;fenseur&#183;e&#183;s des droits des migrant&#183;e&#183;s en Tunisie. Ces derni&#232;res ann&#233;es, Mosbah, pr&#233;sidente de l'association Mn&#232;mty, s'est retrouv&#233;e en premi&#232;re ligne dans la d&#233;fense des droits des migrant&#183;e&#183;s originaires d'Afrique subsaharienne, face &#224; la rh&#233;torique et aux politiques racistes du pr&#233;sident Ka&#239;s Sa&#239;ed. Depuis deux ans, Mn&#232;mty et de nombreuses autres organisations de solidarit&#233; avec les migrant&#183;e&#183;s sont particuli&#232;rement cibl&#233;es par une vague r&#233;pressive : campagnes de diffamation sur les r&#233;seaux sociaux orchestr&#233;s par le gouvernement, militant&#183;e&#183;s arr&#234;t&#233;&#183;e&#183;s et poursuivi&#183;e&#183;s.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;La criminalisation de la soci&#233;t&#233; civile tunisienne se poursuit avec l'assentiment tacite de l'Union europ&#233;enne, qui a accord&#233; un financement de plus de 100 millions d'euros &#224; la Tunisie dans le cadre d'un arrangement migratoire conclu en 2023, visant &#224; emp&#234;cher les migrant&#183;e&#183;s de traverser la M&#233;diterran&#233;e. Mosbah et les activistes condamn&#233;&#183;e&#183;s paient aujourd'hui le prix de cet arrangement&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-7&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir notamment le communiqu&#233; conjoint &#171; Pour la lib&#233;ration de l'activiste (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh2-7&#034;&gt;7&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; : en soutenant la politique migratoire de Sa&#239;ed dans un objectif de dissuasion des d&#233;parts, l'UE porte une responsabilit&#233; dans les arrestations arbitraires de d&#233;fenseur&#183;e&#183;s des droits en Tunisie et dans les violations de leurs droits fondamentaux.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_2&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Allemagne&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;InfoMigrants, &#171; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.infomigrants.net/fr/post/70638/allemagne--apres-la-visite-dalcharaa-merz-espere-un-retour-massif-des-refugies-syriens&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Allemagne : apr&#232;s la visite d'al-Charaa, Merz esp&#232;re un retour massif des r&#233;fugi&#233;s syriens&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;i&gt; &#187;, le 31 mars 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Dans le cadre d'une visite du pr&#233;sident syrien Ahmed al-Charaa &#224; Berlin, le lundi 30 mars, le chancelier allemand Friedrich Merz a d&#233;clar&#233; vouloir expulser, &#224; moyen terme, 80 % des r&#233;fugi&#233;&#183;e&#183;s syrien&#183;ne&#183;s pr&#233;sent&#183;e&#183;s en Allemagne. Selon lui, il n'y aurait plus de raison pour ces personnes de rester sur le territoire allemand apr&#232;s la chute du r&#233;gime d'Assad.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;L'id&#233;e d'expulser un nombre aussi &#233;lev&#233; de personnes r&#233;v&#232;le une approche x&#233;nophobe et raciste, visant &#224; se d&#233;barrasser, le plus rapidement possible et &#224; tout prix, de celles et ceux consid&#233;r&#233;&#183;e&#183;s comme &#171; ind&#233;sirables &#187; sur le territoire allemand&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-8&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Comme l'ont d&#233;montr&#233; les r&#233;cents arrangements avec les Talibans en (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh2-8&#034;&gt;8&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. Par ailleurs, la Syrie demeure un pays profond&#233;ment instable, marqu&#233; par la destruction d'infrastructures essentielles. En octobre 2025, le ministre allemand des Affaires &#233;trang&#232;res avait d&#233;clar&#233; qu'il &#233;tait &#171; pratiquement impossible pour les gens d'y vivre dans la dignit&#233; dans le court terme &#187;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-9&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir &#224; ce sujet Migreurop, Revue de presse d&#233;cembre 2025, 5 janvier 2025&#034; id=&#034;nh2-9&#034;&gt;9&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;, lors d'une visite sur place. De graves violations des droits humains continuent &#233;galement d'&#234;tre document&#233;es dans le pays. Le 12 mars, La Commission d'enqu&#234;te internationale ind&#233;pendante sur la R&#233;publique arabe syrienne a pr&#233;sent&#233; son dernier rapport devant le Conseil des droits de l'Homme des Nations unies, r&#233;v&#233;lant que la transition politique demeure compromise par des violations des droits telles que des ex&#233;cutions extrajudiciaires, des actes de torture et des mauvais traitements, ainsi que des disparitions forc&#233;es&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-10&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Conseil des droits de l'homme des Nations Unies, &#171; Report of the Independent (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh2-10&#034;&gt;10&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. Dans ces conditions, la s&#233;curit&#233; des ressortissant&#183;e&#183;s expuls&#233;&#183;e&#183;s ne saurait &#234;tre garantie, et l'Allemagne risquerait de se rendre complice de telles violations de droits.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_3&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Belgique&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;Politico, &#171; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.politico.eu/article/belgium-migration-asylum-seeker-court-suspension-anneleen-van-bossuyt/&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Belgium to press ahed with restriction on asylum-seekers despite court decision&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;i&gt; &#187;, le 4 mars 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;La Cour constitutionnelle belge a suspendu temporairement une mesure visant &#224; limiter l'acc&#232;s aux conditions mat&#233;rielles d'accueil pour les migrant&#183;e&#183;s ayant d&#233;j&#224; obtenu une protection dans un autre &#201;tat membre de l'UE. La Cour a soulign&#233; que cette disposition pourrait causer un &#171; pr&#233;judice grave et difficilement r&#233;parable &#187;, en exposant des personnes &#224; la pr&#233;carit&#233;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-11&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Cour constitutionnelle,arr&#234;t n&#176; 23/2026, 26 f&#233;vrier 2026&#034; id=&#034;nh2-11&#034;&gt;11&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. Malgr&#233; cette suspension, le gouvernement belge a d&#233;clar&#233; vouloir poursuivre l'application de cette mesure afin d' &#171; &#233;viter de surcharger le syst&#232;me d'accueil &#187;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Depuis 2021, les autorit&#233;s belges ont refus&#233; d'adapter ce syst&#232;me &#224; l'augmentation des demandes d'asile, exposant de nombreux&#183;euse&#183;s exil&#233;&#183;e&#183;s &#224; des conditions de vie indignes, sans acc&#232;s aux soins ni &#224; un h&#233;bergement appropri&#233;. Plus de 12 000 d&#233;cisions de juridictions nationales et internationales ont ordonn&#233; &#224; la Belgique de fournir un accueil digne. Pourtant, ces d&#233;cisions ont syst&#233;matiquement &#233;t&#233; ignor&#233;es et contourn&#233;es, surtout depuis l'arriv&#233;e au pouvoir du nouveau gouvernement en 2023, qui a adopt&#233; une politique migratoire plus restrictive&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-12&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir &#224; ce sujet Amnesty International &#171; Belgique. Les manquements (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh2-12&#034;&gt;12&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. Le m&#233;pris des d&#233;cisions judiciaires belgess'inscrit dans un contexte g&#233;n&#233;ral de remise en cause du droit national, europ&#233;en et international en mati&#232;re migratoire : c'est sans surprise que le pays figure dans la liste des &#201;tats ayant sign&#233; en 2025 une lettre ouverte appelant &#224; une interpr&#233;tation plus souple de la Convention europ&#233;enne des droits de l'Homme, notamment de l'article 3 (interdiction des traitements inhumains ou d&#233;gradants) et de l'article 8 (protection de la vie priv&#233;e et familiale)&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-13&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir la lettre ouvertesign&#233;e par les chefs d'&#201;tat de l'Italie, du Danemark, (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh2-13&#034;&gt;13&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. La Belgique choisit ainsi de prot&#233;ger ses fronti&#232;res d'une menace migratoire fantasm&#233;e, au m&#233;pris des droits humains.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_4&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Croatie/Bosnie-Herz&#233;govine&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;InfoMigrants, &#171; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.infomigrants.net/en/post/70231/migration-management-measures-reinforced-in-bosnia-herzegovina-and-croatia&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&lt;i&gt;A la fronti&#232;re entre la Croatie et la Bosnie, la construction d'un centre d'accueil divise les habitants&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;i&gt; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt; &#187;, le 13 mars 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;La Croatie a r&#233;cemment annonc&#233; la construction d'un nouveau &#171; centre d'accueil &#187; pour les personnes migrantes &#224; sa fronti&#232;re avec la Bosnie-Herz&#233;govine. Parall&#232;lement, l'agence europ&#233;enne Frontex pr&#233;voit de renforcer la pr&#233;sence de ses agents en Bosnie, consid&#233;r&#233;e par l'UE comme un &#171; investissement g&#233;opolitique &#187; majeur dans la gestion des mouvements migratoires. L'objectif affich&#233; est d'atteindre un &#171; niveau &#233;lev&#233; &#187; de coop&#233;ration avec la police des fronti&#232;res bosniennes dans la &#171; lutte contre l'immigration clandestine et la pr&#233;vention de la criminalit&#233; transfrontali&#232;re &#187;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;La Bosnie-Herz&#233;govine est candidate &#224; l'entr&#233;e dans l'Union europ&#233;enne et constitue une &#233;tape sur la route migratoire des Balkans : un lieu n&#233;vralgique de consolidation de l' &#171; Europe Forteresse &#187;. Sa fronti&#232;re avec la Croatie est notoirement marqu&#233;e par l'impunit&#233; des violations des droits commises par les autorit&#233;s croates et bosniennes&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-14&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir &#224; ce sujet le rapport de Border Violence Monitoring Network, &#171; Clothes (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh2-14&#034;&gt;14&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; : les refoulements des migrant&#183;e&#183;s qui tentent d'arriver sur le sol europ&#233;en sont l&#233;gion et les demandeur&#183;euse&#183;s d'asile qui parviennent en Croatie sont plac&#233;es dans des centres pour demandeurs d'asile (actuellement deux dans le pays) dans des conditions indignes. L'acc&#232;s aux soins y est limit&#233;, les conditions d'hygi&#232;ne sont pr&#233;caires et des cas de refus arbitraire de certaines demandes de protection ont &#233;t&#233; document&#233;s&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-15&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir notamment Asylum Information Database (AIDA),Conseil europ&#233;en pour les (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh2-15&#034;&gt;15&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. Des rapports ont &#233;galement mis en avant que les autorit&#233;s croates ont &#233;t&#233; impliqu&#233;es dans la d&#233;tention arbitraire et la torture de personnes en situation dite &#171; irr&#233;guli&#232;re &#187; dans des installations ad hoc&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-16&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir l'aper&#231;u g&#233;n&#233;rale de la Croatie du Global Detention Project, s.d.&#034; id=&#034;nh2-16&#034;&gt;16&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. La construction d'un centre &#224; la fronti&#232;re risque d'entra&#238;ner une multiplication de ce type de situations.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Dans ce cadre, le renforcement de la pr&#233;sence de Frontex (qui op&#232;re en Bosnie &#224; la suite d'un accord de statut sign&#233; en 2025 entre l'UE et Sarajevo&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-17&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voirla d&#233;cision (UE) 2025/1348 du Conseil, 27 janvier 2025&#034; id=&#034;nh2-17&#034;&gt;17&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;) risque de contribuer aux violations des droits d&#233;crites ci-dessus. D'autant plus que, en vertu de cet accord (article 12), l'agence b&#233;n&#233;ficie d'une immunit&#233; pour tous les actes r&#233;alis&#233;s dans le cadre d'une op&#233;ration conjointe en Bosnie-Herz&#233;govine, devant toute juridiction p&#233;nale, civile ou administrative du pays&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-18&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir &#224; ce sujet Migreurop,Revue de presse juin 2025, 7 juillet 2025&#034; id=&#034;nh2-18&#034;&gt;18&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_5&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Espagne&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;La Vanguardia, &#171; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.lavanguardia.com/vida/20260310/11486000/gobierno-garantiza-sanidad-publica-personas-inmigrantes-situacion-irregular.html&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Los inmigrantes sin papeles acceder&#225;n a la sanidad con una declaraci&#243;n responsable&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;i&gt; &#187;, le 10 mars 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Depuis le 10 mars 2026, le syst&#232;me de sant&#233; espagnol est ouvert aux personnes d&#233;pourvues de documents pour s&#233;journer dans le pays. Cette mesure supprime des obstacles administratifs qui emp&#234;chaient auparavant de nombreuses personnes d'acc&#233;der aux soins m&#233;dicaux. Selon les nouvelles r&#232;gles, toute personne en mesure de prouver sa r&#233;sidence en Espagne peut d&#233;poser une demande de prise en charge aupr&#232;s de son centre de sant&#233; local et b&#233;n&#233;ficier imm&#233;diatement d'une couverture temporaire pendant le traitement de son dossier. Comme l'a soulign&#233; la ministre de la Sant&#233; espagnole, cette mesure &#171; vise &#224; garantir l'&#233;quit&#233; et &#224; pr&#233;venir les in&#233;galit&#233;s &#187;, tout en permettant &#171; un meilleur suivi des maladies dans les soins primaires et une utilisation plus efficace des ressources publiques &#187;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Cette d&#233;cision fait suite &#224; une mesure de r&#233;gularisation dite extraordinaire des personnes migrantes (2026) et au refus explicite du gouvernement espagnol de soutenir le projet europ&#233;en de &#171; &lt;i&gt;return hubs &lt;/i&gt; &#187; (pays hors Europe o&#249; seraient expuls&#233;es les personnes sans droit au s&#233;jour en Europe), pr&#233;vu dans le r&#232;glement retour dont le mandat de n&#233;gociation a &#233;t&#233; confirm&#233; le 26 mars par le Parlement europ&#233;en. Il convient n&#233;anmoins de rappeler que l'Espagne continue d'externaliser la gestion des mouvements migratoires, notamment vers le Maroc et la Mauritanie, ce qui engage sa responsabilit&#233; dans les violations des droits humains commises &#224; l'encontre des exil&#233;&#183;e&#183;s dans ces pays&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-19&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir &#224; ce sujet : Human Rights Watch, &#171; Mauritanie : Des ann&#233;es d'abus li&#233;s (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh2-19&#034;&gt;19&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_6&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Portugal&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;The Portugal Post, &#171; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://theportugalpost.com/posts/portugal-tightens-immigration-laws-detention-extended-to-18-months-and-deportation-rules-transformed&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Portugal Tightens Immigration Laws : Detention Extended to 18 Months and Deportation Rules Transformed&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;i&gt; &#187;, le 19 mars 2025&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Le gouvernement portugais a approuv&#233; un projet de loi en mati&#232;re de migration marquant une &#233;tape suppl&#233;mentaire dans le tournant r&#233;pressif de sa politique &#224; l'&#233;gard des personnes exil&#233;es. La dur&#233;e maximale de d&#233;tention administrative pour les personnes sans droit au s&#233;jour a &#233;t&#233; prolong&#233;e(de 60 &#224; 540 jours) et les personnes qui feront une demande de protection apr&#232;s une entr&#233;e sur le territoire en-dehors des postes fronti&#232;res habilit&#233;s seront soumises &#224; des mesures coercitives plus strictes, dont la d&#233;tention, pendant l'examen de leur dossier. Le texte introduit &#233;galement une interdiction d'entr&#233;e en cas d'expulsion forc&#233;e pouvant atteindre cinqans, dur&#233;e prolongeable en cas de condamnation p&#233;nale ou de menace pour la s&#233;curit&#233; nationale. En outre, le d&#233;p&#244;t d'une demande de protection ne suspendra plus la proc&#233;dure d'expulsion, et enfin toute personne sans droit au s&#233;jour est soumise &#224; une &#171; obligation de d&#233;part volontaire &#187; : les personnes concern&#233;es devront quitter le territoire sans attendre de notification formelle, sous peine d'expulsion forc&#233;e et donc d'interdiction d'entr&#233;e. Cette r&#233;forme supprime la p&#233;riode interm&#233;diaire entre la notification formelle et la perte effective du droit au s&#233;jour, p&#233;riode qui permettait jusqu'&#224; pr&#233;sent de r&#233;gulariser sa situation administrative ou de consulter un avocat. &#192; noter que selon le texte, ces mesures de renvoi forc&#233; ne s'appliqueront pas aux mineurs de moins de 16 ans. Le projet de loi est actuellement en cours d'examen parlementaire.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Plusieurs organisations de d&#233;fense des droits des personnes migrantes d&#233;noncent une man&#339;uvre politique de la coalition de centre-droit visant &#224; s&#233;duire un &#233;lectorat plus conservateur &#224; l'approche de futures &#233;ch&#233;ances &#233;lectorales. Cette strat&#233;gie s'inscrit dans une tendance plus large observ&#233;e dans d'autres &#201;tats europ&#233;ens o&#249; les migrant&#183;e&#183;s sont instrumentalis&#233;&#183;e&#183;s &#224; des fins &#233;lectorales, dans une optique populiste.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&#192; l'heure de l'adoption d'un nouveau r&#232;glement europ&#233;en sur le retour des personnes d&#233;pourvues de droit de s&#233;jour dans l'UE, d'applicabilit&#233; directe dans les &#201;tats membres, les mesures &#224; l'encontre des personnes exil&#233;es en instance d'expulsion vont encore s'aggraver.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_7&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Su&#232;de &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;Le Monde, &#171; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.lemonde.fr/international/article/2026/03/24/la-suede-presente-un-projet-de-loi-qui-prevoit-d-expulser-les-migrants-qui-ne-menent-pas-une-vie-honnete_6674072_3210.html&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&lt;i&gt;La Su&#232;de pr&#233;sente un projet de loi qui pr&#233;voit d'expulser les migrants qui ne m&#232;nent pas une &#171; vie honn&#234;te&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;i&gt; &#187;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;, le 24 mars 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;RFI, &#171; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.rfi.fr/fr/europe/20260325-su%C3%A8de-le-gouvernement-poursuit-un-projet-de-loi-visant-%C3%A0-d%C3%A9noncer-les-migrants-sans-titre-de-s%C3%A9jour&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Su&#232;de : le gouvernement poursuit un projet de loi visant &#224; d&#233;noncer les migrants sans titre de s&#233;jour&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;i&gt; &#187;, le 25 mars 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Fin mars, le gouvernement su&#233;dois a pr&#233;sent&#233; deux projets de loi visant &#224; intensifier les expulsions des personnes exil&#233;es. Le premier pr&#233;voit l'expulsion des migrant&#183;e&#183;s qui ne m&#232;neraient pas une &#171; vie honn&#234;te &#187;. Le deuxi&#232;me obligerait six administrations publiques (l'agence pour l'emploi, l'assurance sociale, l'administration p&#233;nitentiaire, l'agence de recouvrement des dettes, l'autorit&#233; des retraites et l'administration fiscale) &#224; signaler &#224; la police les personnes soup&#231;onn&#233;es de s&#233;jour dit &#171; irr&#233;gulier &#187;. Il introduit &#233;galement de nouveaux motifs de retrait du titre de s&#233;jour, notamment lorsqu'une personne est consid&#233;r&#233;e comme une &#171; menace &#187;pour l'ordre public ou la s&#233;curit&#233; nationale, ou lorsqu'elle a fourni des informations inexactes dans sa demande.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;La premi&#232;re mesure suscite de vives inqui&#233;tudes en raison de son caract&#232;re vague et discr&#233;tionnaire. Quels crit&#232;res permettraient de d&#233;finir une &#171; vie honn&#234;te &#187; ? Quels moyens seraient utilis&#233;s pour &#233;valuer une pr&#233;tendue moralit&#233; individuelle ? Cette mesure, qui repose sur des &#233;valuations profond&#233;ment subjectives, ouvrirait la voie &#224; la mise en place de deux syst&#232;mes normatifs parall&#232;les. Des d&#233;clarations non p&#233;nalement r&#233;pr&#233;hensibles pourraient ainsi entra&#238;ner l'expulsion des migrant&#183;e&#183;s, alors qu'elles n'auraient aucune cons&#233;quence juridique pour des citoyen&#183;ne&#183;s su&#233;dois&#183;e&#183;s. Par ailleurs, il existe un risque de produire un effet dissuasif sur la libert&#233; d'expression et de renforcer l'autocensure parmi les personnes migrantes.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Le deuxi&#232;me projet de loi s'inscrit dans une volont&#233; plus g&#233;n&#233;rale, &#224; l'&#233;chelle europ&#233;enne, de renforcer un contr&#244;le g&#233;n&#233;ralis&#233; des espaces priv&#233;s et publics afin de &#171; d&#233;busquer &#187; les personnes d&#233;pourvues de doit au s&#233;jour. Il accentuerait le r&#244;le des administrations comme outils de contr&#244;le, en mena&#231;ant le droit &#224; la vie priv&#233;e, en raison du partage potentiel de donn&#233;es sensibles, en favorisant le profilage racial et les discriminations au faci&#232;s, et en cr&#233;ant des conflits &#233;thiques pour les professionnel&#183;le&#183;s de l'administration publique&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-20&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Les m&#234;mes inqui&#233;tudes ont &#233;t&#233; soulev&#233;es concernant le r&#232;glement &#171; retour &#187;, (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh2-20&#034;&gt;20&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_8&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Royaume-Uni&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;The Guardian, &#171; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2026/mar/05/what-are-shabana-mahmoods-changes-to-the-asylum-system&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&lt;i&gt;What are Shabana Mahmood's changes to the asylum system ?&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;i&gt; &#187;, le 5 mars 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Le 5 mars, la ministre de l'Int&#233;rieur britannique Shabana Mahmood a annonc&#233; la mise en application de nouvelles mesures en mati&#232;re de migration et d'asile. Le statut de r&#233;fugi&#233; est d&#233;sormais r&#233;duit de cinq ans &#224; 30 mois (renouvelables). Au terme de cette p&#233;riode, si le pays tiers est consid&#233;r&#233; comme s&#251;r, ses ressortissant&#183;e&#183;s pourront y &#234;tre expuls&#233;&#183;e&#183;s. Par ailleurs, la p&#233;riode pour obtenir le statut de r&#233;sident&#183;e permanent&#183;e passe de 10 &#224; 20 ans, l'obligation de soutien financier public aux demandeur&#183;euse&#183;s d'asile est suspendue, et jusqu'&#224; 40 000 &#163; seront offerts aux familles dont la demande d'asile a &#233;t&#233; rejet&#233;e pour rentrer volontairement dans leur pays : en cas de refus, les autorit&#233;s pourront recourir &#224; la force, y compris &#224; l'encontre des mineur&#183;e&#183;s.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&#201;ni&#232;me durcissement de la politique migratoire britannique, cette nouvelle s&#233;rie de mesures r&#233;pressives s'&#233;loigne de l'esprit, sinon de la lettre, des conventions relatives aux droits humains dont le Royaume-Uni est signataire. Tout d'abord, les personnes exil&#233;es seront maintenues dans un &#233;tat d'incertitude permanente, les emp&#234;chant de reconstruire leur vie et les exposant &#224; une menace constante d'expulsion&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-21&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir &#224; ce sujet The Guardian, &#171; Mahmood's new rules will leave refugees in (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh2-21&#034;&gt;21&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. Par ailleurs, la possibilit&#233; de renvoyer de force des familles dont la demande d'asile a &#233;t&#233; ou sera rejet&#233;e risque d'entra&#238;ner une violation du droit au respect de la vie priv&#233;e et familiale, prot&#233;g&#233; par l'article 8 de la Convention europ&#233;enne des droits de l'Homme, ainsi que du principe de l'int&#233;r&#234;t sup&#233;rieur de l'enfant, consacr&#233; par la Convention relative aux droits de l'enfant et reconnu par tous les instruments europ&#233;ens de protection des droits humains. Enfin, le renvoi forc&#233; des ressortissant&#183;e&#183;s de pays consid&#233;r&#233;s comme s&#251;rs pourrait constituer une forme de discrimination fond&#233;e sur la nationalit&#233;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Plusieurs organisations de la soci&#233;t&#233; civile britannique ont d&#233;nonc&#233; ces &#233;volutions dans un communiqu&#233; commun. Elles appellent le gouvernement &#224; suspendre la r&#233;duction de la dur&#233;e du statut de r&#233;fugi&#233; en taxant la politique britannique de &#171; cruaut&#233; performative &#187;, source d'instabilit&#233;, d'injustice et d'inefficacit&#233;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-22&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir notamment Scottish Refugee Council, &#171; Charities urge UK government to (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh2-22&#034;&gt;22&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_9&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Royaume-Uni/Nigeria&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;BBC, &#171; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/crm1w24p8p7o&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&lt;i&gt;UK agrees deal to ease migrant returns&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt; to Nigeria&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;i&gt; &#187;, le 19 mars 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Le 19 mars, le Royaume-Uni et le Nigeria ont conclu un arrangement visant &#224; acc&#233;l&#233;rer les expulsions de ressortissant&#183;e&#183;s nig&#233;rian&#183;e&#183;s d&#233;pourvu&#183;e&#183;s de droit au s&#233;jour, ou condamn&#233;&#183;e&#183;s par la justice ou encore dont la demande d'asile a &#233;t&#233; rejet&#233;e. D&#233;sormais, les autorit&#233;s britanniques n'auront plus &#224; attendre la d&#233;livrance de laissez-passer consulaires par le Nigeria pour proc&#233;der &#224; une expulsion : les autorit&#233;s nig&#233;rianes accepteront des documents d'identification &#233;mis par le Royaume-Uni (les &#171; &lt;i&gt;UK letters&lt;/i&gt; &#187;). L'arrangement pr&#233;voit en outre un renforcement de la coop&#233;ration dans la lutte contre les &#171; r&#233;seaux de passeurs &#187;. Dans ce sens, le Nigeria s'est engag&#233; &#224; revoir sa l&#233;gislation nationale afin de garantir des sanctions plus s&#233;v&#232;res contre &#171; les infractions li&#233;es aux migrations &#187;, ce qui risque de conduire &#224; une intensification de la criminalisation des personnes migrantes, ainsi que des organisations solidaires.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;L'utilisation de documents informels comme les &lt;i&gt;UK letters&lt;/i&gt; pourrait entra&#238;ner des expulsions arbitraires, du fait d'une identification unilat&#233;rale (identit&#233; et nationalit&#233;) de la personne renvoy&#233;e de force par le R.U. Cette mesure pourrait &#233;galement porter atteinte au droit &#224; la vie priv&#233;e et familiale des Nig&#233;rian&#183;e&#183;s r&#233;sidant&#183;e&#183;s au Royaume-Uni.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Cet accord marque une nouvelle &#233;tape dans la &#171; diplomatie du renvoi &#187;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-23&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir notamment Migreurop,Revue de presse octobre 2025, 15 novembre 2025&#034; id=&#034;nh2-23&#034;&gt;23&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;engag&#233;e par le Royaume-Uni depuis l'arriv&#233;e au pouvoir du gouvernement de Keir Starmer. D&#233;j&#224; en septembre 2025, la ministre de l'Int&#233;rieur Shabana Mahmood avait mis en place une strat&#233;gie de suspension de la d&#233;livrance de visas pour les ressortissant&#183;e&#183;s de certains pays africains (R&#233;publique d&#233;mocratique du Congo, Namibie, Angola) comme moyen de pression pour obtenir une coop&#233;ration plus &#171; efficace &#187; de ces pays dans la r&#233;admission des personnes expuls&#233;es&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-24&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir &#224; ce sujet InfoMigrants, &#171; UK uses visa restrictions to pressure (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh2-24&#034;&gt;24&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_10&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Adoption du r&#232;glement retour&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;Lib&#233;ration, &#171; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.liberation.fr/international/europe/le-parlement-europeen-en-passe-dapprouver-des-hubs-de-retour-pour-migrants-20260326_2ORGECM5GVEDHKBQ4HXLG7FVFM/&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&lt;i&gt; Le Parlement europ&#233;en approuve la cr&#233;ation de &#171; hubs de retour &#187; pour migrants hors de l'UE&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;i&gt; &#187;, le 26 mars 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Le 26 mars 2026, le Parlement europ&#233;en a confirm&#233; en pl&#233;ni&#232;re le mandat de n&#233;gociation adopt&#233; par la Commission Parlementaire LIBE pour un nouveau syst&#232;me commun en mati&#232;re d'expulsions des ressortissant&#183;e&#183;s de pays tiers sans droit au s&#233;jour dans l'Union (dit &#171; r&#232;glement retour &#187;), r&#233;sultant d'une alliance entre la droite et l'extr&#234;me droite. Parmi les mesures pr&#233;vues : une d&#233;tention syst&#233;matique pour toutes les personnes exil&#233;es(extension des motifs de d&#233;tention, dur&#233;e maximale d'enfermement port&#233;e &#224; 24 mois et cumulable d'un &#201;tat membre &#224; l'autre, possibilit&#233; d'enfermement dans des &#233;tablissements p&#233;nitentiaires) ; des expulsions vers des pays tiers (&lt;i&gt;return hubs&lt;/i&gt;), sans contr&#244;le effectif par les institutions europ&#233;ennes et sans clause de suspension en cas de violation des droits ; une acc&#233;l&#233;ration des renvois forc&#233;s gr&#226;ce &#224; la reconnaissance mutuelle des mesures d'expulsion entre &#201;tats membres, potentiellement sans r&#233;examen individuel, et pouvant &#234;tre ex&#233;cut&#233;es avant toute d&#233;cision d&#233;finitive ; dans certains cas, des interdictions d'entr&#233;e d&#233;finitives dans le territoire de l'UE sont pr&#233;vues.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&#201;ni&#232;me jalon de la guerre aux migrant&#183;e&#183;s d&#233;but&#233;e il y a 30 ans, ce r&#232;glement consolide la destruction du droit entam&#233;e de longue date, en franchissant de nouvelles lignes rouges. Il risque d'entra&#238;ner tr&#232;s concr&#232;tement des renvois dangereux, des violations du droit &#224; un recours effectif et du principe de non-refoulement, et d'exposer les exil&#233;&#183;e&#183;s &#224; des traitements inhumains et d&#233;gradants&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-25&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir notamment le communiqu&#233; de Migreurop, &#171; Adoption du r&#232;glement europ&#233;en (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh2-25&#034;&gt;25&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. La rapidit&#233; de ce vote est en outre inqui&#233;tante, le texte propos&#233; ayant &#233;t&#233; adopt&#233; par le Parlement europ&#233;en &#224; peine un an apr&#232;s la proposition de la Commission. Cela r&#233;v&#232;le que l'agenda de l'extr&#234;me droite s'impose d&#233;sormais au sommet des institutions europ&#233;ennes : dans le sillage du Pacte europ&#233;en, le r&#232;glement retour ent&#233;rine un remodelage du droit de l'Union afin de l'adapter &#224; une id&#233;ologie raciste, anti-migratoire et anti-d&#233;mocratique&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-26&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Ibidem&#034; id=&#034;nh2-26&#034;&gt;26&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_11&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Arrangement UE / Nigeria&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;Euobserver, &#171; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://euobserver.com/208101/eu-offers-cash-and-defence-deal-as-it-inks-migrant-returns-pact-with-nigeria&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&lt;i&gt;EU offers cash and defence deal as it links migrant returns pact with Nigeria&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;i&gt; &#187;, 23 mars 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Le Nigeria et l'Union europ&#233;enne ont conclu un arrangement pour le renvoi des ressortissant&#183;e&#183;s nig&#233;rian&#183;ne&#183;s d&#233;pourvu&#183;e&#183;s de droit au s&#233;jour dans l'Union, en contrepartie d'un financement de 288 millions d'euros destin&#233; &#224; la digitalisation, &#224; la modernisation du secteur de la sant&#233; et aux cha&#238;nes de valeur agricoles au Nigeria.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;L'arrangement illustre la tendance europ&#233;enne &#224; lier la coop&#233;ration en mati&#232;re d'expulsions &#224; des promesses d'avantages &#233;conomiques et diplomatiques (approche &#171; &lt;i&gt;cash-for-migrants&lt;/i&gt; &#187;), au d&#233;triment des droits fondamentaux des personnes exil&#233;es. Le Nigeria est en effet confront&#233; &#224; une ins&#233;curit&#233; croissante, &#224; une forte inflation, &#224; la violence de groupesarm&#233;s locaux, &#224; des all&#233;gations de torture et &#224; une exclusion profonde des jeunes, aggrav&#233;e par un recul des libert&#233;s civiles et politiques. Dans ce contexte, les expulsions de ressortissant&#183;e&#183;s nig&#233;rian&#183;e&#183;s depuis l'UE pourraient exposer certaines personnes &#224; des traitements inhumains et d&#233;gradants et &#224; l'exclusion sociale, en raison de perspectives de r&#233;int&#233;gration limit&#233;es. Par ailleurs, des accords informels similaires dans la r&#233;gion du Sahel ont co&#239;ncid&#233; avec des lois anti-migration s&#233;v&#232;res,une criminalisation de la soci&#233;t&#233; civile, et la militarisation des fronti&#232;res, contribuant &#224; la normalisation de la r&#233;pression sous couvert de garantir la &#171; stabilit&#233; &#187; et l'&#171; ordre &#187;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-27&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Notamment le partenariat UE-Niger de 2022&#034; id=&#034;nh2-27&#034;&gt;27&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &#224; l'&#233;chelle nationale.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_12&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Frontex&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;Le Monde, &#171; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.lemonde.fr/societe/article/2026/03/24/fabrice-leggeri-ex-directeur-de-frontex-et-eurodepute-rn-vise-par-une-enquete-pour-complicite-de-crimes-contre-l-humanite_6674028_3224.html&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Fabrice Leggeri, ex-directeur de Frontex et eurod&#233;put&#233; RN, vis&#233; par une enqu&#234;te pour complicit&#233; de crimes contre l'humanit&#233;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;i&gt; &#187;, le 24 mars 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;A la suite de la plainte d'ONG (Ligue des droits de l'Homme et Utopia 56) d&#233;pos&#233;e en avril 2024, une enqu&#234;te a &#233;t&#233; ouverte en France contre Fabrice Leggeri, ancien directeur de Frontex (2015-2022) et eurod&#233;put&#233; d'extr&#234;me droite (groupe Patriotes pour l'Europe). Il est accus&#233;de complicit&#233; de crimes contre l'humanit&#233; et crime de torture, dans des faits de refoulements et de non-assistance aux exil&#233;.e.s en mer, li&#233;s aux pratiques de dissuasion mises en &#339;uvre par les &#201;tats membres et son bras arm&#233; Frontex.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Si l'ouverture d'une enqu&#234;te &#224; l'encontre de Leggeri, qui si&#232;ge au Parlement europ&#233;en comme eurod&#233;put&#233; du Rassemblement National, constitue une &#233;tape symbolique importante, il convient de rappeler que le mandat et les activit&#233;s de Frontex sont, depuis la cr&#233;ation de l'agence, intrins&#232;quement incompatibles avec le respect des droits fondamentaux. Les violations des droits commises en toute impunit&#233; avec la complicit&#233; de Frontex - d&#233;nonc&#233;es depuis 2004 par les ONG - avaient lieu avant la nomination de Leggeri et se sont poursuivies apr&#232;s sa d&#233;mission en 2022.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Frontex est l'instrument d'une politique r&#233;pressive de restriction des mobilit&#233;s qui a d&#233;montr&#233; &#234;tre incompatible avec le respect des droits. Dans le cadre du mandat de l'agence, denombreuses op&#233;rations ill&#233;gales ont &#233;t&#233; men&#233;es et largement document&#233;es : expulsions collectives, entraves au droit d'asile, refoulements massifs en pleine mer, non-assistance &#224; personne en danger, collaboration avec des milices libyennes pour intercepter des embarcations avant qu'elles n'atteignent les eaux territoriales europ&#233;ennes.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Depuis sa cr&#233;ation en 2004, son mandat, ses pr&#233;rogatives et ses moyens n'ont cess&#233; d'&#234;tre renforc&#233;s, et son budget a &#233;t&#233; d&#233;multipli&#233; ces derni&#232;res ann&#233;es (passant de 6 millions d'euros en 2005 &#224; plus d'un milliard en 2026). En juin 2026, la Commission europ&#233;enne pr&#233;sentera au Parlement une 5e r&#233;vision du mandat de l'agence, visant &#224; &#233;largir encore ses activit&#233;s et moyens (recours accru aux technologies de surveillance, expulsions de pays tiers &#224; pays tiers, passage de 10 000 &#224; 30 000 agents).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Si Frontex jouissait jusqu'ici d'une impunit&#233; structurelle, la Cour de justice de l'UE a consid&#233;r&#233; en d&#233;cembre 2025 que le droit de l'Union imposait &#224; Frontex des obligations en mati&#232;re de protection des droits fondamentaux&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb2-28&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir &#224; ce sujet Migreurop, Revue de presse d&#233;cembre 2025, 5 janvier 2026&#034; id=&#034;nh2-28&#034;&gt;28&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. Il &#233;tait temps.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;hr /&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_notes'&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-1&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-1&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-1&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Ces op&#233;rations visent &#224; &#171; emp&#234;cher physiquement les migrant&#183;e&#183;s de quitter le territoire de leur &#201;tat d'origine ou d'un &#201;tat de transit, ou &#224; les renvoyer de force vers ce territoire, avant qu'ils ne puissent atteindre la juridiction de leur &#201;tat de destination. Cela signifie que, contrairement au &#171; pushback &#187;, qui est effectu&#233; lorsqu'une personne franchit effectivement la fronti&#232;re, les &#171; pullbacks &#187; ont lieu avant cela &#187;. &#171; &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/Documents/Issues/Migration/OHCHR-thematic-report-SAR-protection-at-sea.pdf&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&#8220;Lethal Disregard&#8221; : Search and rescue and the protection of migrants in the central Mediterranean Sea&lt;/a&gt; &#187;, Haut-Commissariat aux droits de l'Homme,mai 2021.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-2&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-2&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-2&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Voir &#224; ce sujet InfoMigrants, &#171; &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.infomigrants.net/fr/post/69469/mediterranee--lue-va-financer-louverture-dun-centre-de-sauvetage-dans-lest-libyen-pour-intercepter-les-migrants-en-mer&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;M&#233;diterran&#233;e : l'UE va financer l'ouverture d'un centre de sauvetage dans l'est libyen pour intercepter les migrants en mer&lt;/a&gt; &#187;, 27 janvier 2026&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-3&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-3&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-3&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Voir &#224; ce sujet Migreurop, &#171; &lt;a href=&#034;https://migreurop.org/article3548.html?lang_article=fr&#034;&gt;Actualit&#233;s de l'Union europ&#233;enne - d&#233;cembre 2025/f&#233;vrier 2026 &lt;/a&gt; &#187;, 4 mars 2026&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-4&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-4&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-4&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Voir notamment le communiqu&#233; de Mediterranea, &#171; &lt;a href=&#034;https://mediterranearescue.org/it/news/ancora-milioni-di-euro-per-la-collaborazione-con-criminali-di-guerra-in-libia&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Ancora milioni di euro per la collaborazione con criminali di guerra in Libia}&lt;/a&gt; &#187;, 9 janvier 2026&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-5&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-5&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-5&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;5&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Voir notamment AP, &#171; &lt;a href=&#034;https://apnews.com/article/coronavirus-pandemic-business-health-libya-migration-a30dd342513aeeede5a7558de4c3089d&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Migrant abuses continue in Libya. So does EU border training&lt;/a&gt; &#187;, 25 janvier 2022, et le rapportdu Conseil de l'Union europ&#233;enne &#171; &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/21185907-libyan-coast-guard-and-navy-monitoring-four-months-report-august-november-2021/ du Co&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Four monthly Libyan coast guard and navy monitoring report &lt;/a&gt; &#187;, ao&#251;t-novembre 2021&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-6&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-6&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-6&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;6&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Voir, par exemple, le dernier rapport de l'OHCHR et de l'UNSMIL &#171; &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.ohchr.org/en/documents/reports/business-usual-human-rights-violations-and-abuses-against-migrants-asylum-seekers&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Business as Usual : Human Rights Violations and Abuses against Migrants, Asylum-Seekers, and Refugees in Libya&lt;/a&gt; &#187;, 17 f&#233;vrier 2026&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-7&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-7&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-7&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;7&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Voir notamment le communiqu&#233; conjoint &#171; &lt;a href=&#034;https://tunisiansolidarity.org/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A3%D8%AC%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AC-%D8%B9%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%A9-%D8%B3%D8%B9%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9/&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Pour la lib&#233;ration de l'activiste Saadia Mosbah &lt;/a&gt; &#187;, 10 mars 2026&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-8&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-8&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-8&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;8&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Comme l'ont d&#233;montr&#233; les r&#233;cents arrangements avec les Talibans en &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.infomigrants.net/fr/post/70091/lallemagne-expulse-20-criminels-afghans-vers-kaboul&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Afghanistan&lt;/a&gt;(2025) et avec la &lt;a href=&#034;https://turkishminute.com/2024/09/28/germany-turkey-odd-over-migrant-deportation-deal/?utm_source=chatgpt.com&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Turquie&lt;/a&gt; (2024), destin&#233;s &#224; acc&#233;l&#233;rer les expulsions de leurs ressortissant&#183;e&#183;s, les personnes afghanes et turques constituent une grande partie des populations exil&#233;es vivant en Allemagne.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-9&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-9&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-9&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;9&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Voir &#224; ce sujet Migreurop, &lt;a href=&#034;https://migreurop.org/article3516.html?lang_article=fr#outil_sommaire_2&#034;&gt;Revue de presse d&#233;cembre 2025&lt;/a&gt;, 5 janvier 2025&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-10&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-10&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-10&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;10&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Conseil des droits de l'homme des Nations Unies, &#171; &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/hrbodies/hrcouncil/sessions-regular/session61/advance-version/a-hrc-61-62-auv.pdf&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Report of the Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Syrian Arab Republic&lt;/a&gt; &#187; 12 mars 2026&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-11&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-11&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-11&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;11&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Cour constitutionnelle,&lt;a href=&#034;https://fr.const-court.be/public/f/2026/2026-023f.pdf&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;arr&#234;t n&#176; 23/2026&lt;/a&gt;, 26 f&#233;vrier 2026&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-12&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-12&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-12&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;12&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Voir &#224; ce sujet Amnesty International &#171; &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.amnesty.org/fr/latest/news/2025/04/belgium-persistent-failure-to-provide-reception-violates-rights-and-dignity-of-people-seeking-asylum/&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Belgique. Les manquements persistants en mati&#232;re d'accueil bafouent les droits et la dignit&#233; des personnes en qu&#234;te d'asile&lt;/a&gt; &#187;, 3 avril 2025&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-13&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-13&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-13&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;13&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Voir la &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.governo.it/sites/governo.it/files/Lettera_aperta_22052025.pdf&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;lettre ouverte&lt;/a&gt;sign&#233;e par les chefs d'&#201;tat de l'Italie, du Danemark, de l'Autriche, de la Belgique, de la R&#233;publique tch&#232;que, de l'Estonie, de la Lettonie, de la Lituanie et de la Pologne, 22 mai 2025&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-14&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-14&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-14&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;14&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Voir &#224; ce sujet le rapport de Border Violence Monitoring Network, &#171; &lt;a href=&#034;https://borderviolence.eu/blog/clothes-in-rivers-backpacks-on-fire-the-visibility-of-border-crossings-and-illegal-pushbacks-at-the-croatian-bosnian-border&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Clothes in the river, backpacks on fire : The (in)visibility of pushbacks at the Croatian-Bosnian border &lt;/a&gt; &#187;, 11 juin 2024&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-15&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-15&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-15&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;15&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Voir notamment Asylum Information Database (AIDA),Conseil europ&#233;en pour les personnes r&#233;fugi&#233;es et exil&#233;es (ECRE), &#171; &lt;a href=&#034;https://asylumineurope.org/reports/country/croatia/reception-conditions/housing/conditions-reception-facilities/#&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Conditions in reception facilities : Croatia &lt;/a&gt; &#187;, derni&#232;re mise &#224; jour le 20 janvier&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-16&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-16&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-16&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;16&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Voir l'&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.globaldetentionproject.org/countries/europe/croatia&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;aper&#231;u g&#233;n&#233;rale de la Croatie&lt;/a&gt; du Global Detention Project, s.d.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-17&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-17&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-17&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;17&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Voirla d&lt;a href=&#034;https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dec/2025/1348/oj/fra&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&#233;cision (UE) 2025/1348 du Conseil&lt;/a&gt;, 27 janvier 2025&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-18&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-18&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-18&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;18&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Voir &#224; ce sujet Migreurop,&lt;a href=&#034;https://migreurop.org/article3434.html&#034;&gt;Revue de presse juin 2025&lt;/a&gt;, 7 juillet 2025&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-19&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-19&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-19&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;19&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Voir &#224; ce sujet : Human Rights Watch, &#171; &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.hrw.org/fr/news/2025/08/27/mauritanie-des-annees-dabus-lies-aux-controles-des-migrations&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Mauritanie : Des ann&#233;es d'abus li&#233;s aux contr&#244;les des migrations&lt;/a&gt; &#187;, 27 ao&#251;t 2025 ; ASGI &#171; &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.asgi.it/en/publication/morocco-border-policies-at-the-root-of-forced-disappearances-and-human-rights-violations/&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Morocco : Border policies at the root of forced disappearances and human rights violations&lt;/a&gt; &#187;, 14 avril 2025&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-20&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-20&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-20&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;20&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Les m&#234;mes inqui&#233;tudes ont &#233;t&#233; soulev&#233;es concernant le r&#232;glement &#171; retour &#187;, adopt&#233; le 26 mars par le Parlement europ&#233;en. Voir &#224; ce sujet le communiqu&#233; conjoint &#171; &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.gisti.org/spip.php?article7685&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;R&#232;glement retour : non &#224; une loi europ&#233;enne qui autorise les perquisitions &#224; domicile, la police dans les services publics et le profilage racial &lt;/a&gt; &#187;, 23 f&#233;vrier 2026&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-21&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-21&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-21&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;21&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Voir &#224; ce sujet The Guardian, &#171; &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2026/mar/08/mahmoods-new-rules-will-leave-refugees-in-cruel-state-of-uncertainty&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Mahmood's new rules will leave refugees in cruel state of uncertainty&lt;/a&gt; &#187;, 8 mars 2026&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-22&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-22&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-22&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;22&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Voir notamment Scottish Refugee Council, &#171; &lt;a href=&#034;https://scottishrefugeecouncil.org.uk/refugee-asylum-labour-changes-shabanamahmood/&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Charities urge UK government to &#8216;step up' and be honest about realities of migration&lt;/a&gt; &#187;, 5 mars 2026&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-23&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-23&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-23&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;23&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Voir notamment Migreurop,&lt;a href=&#034;https://migreurop.org/article3482.html&#034;&gt;Revue de presse octobre 2025&lt;/a&gt;, 15 novembre 2025&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-24&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-24&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-24&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;24&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Voir &#224; ce sujet InfoMigrants, &#171; &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.infomigrants.net/en/post/68956/uk-uses-visa-restrictions-to-pressure-african-countries-on-deportation-deals&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;UK uses visa restrictions to pressure African countries on deportation deals&lt;/a&gt; &#187;, 30 d&#233;cembre 2025&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-25&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-25&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-25&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;25&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Voir notamment le communiqu&#233; de Migreurop, &#171; &lt;a href=&#034;https://migreurop.org/article3560.html?lang_article=fr&#034;&gt;Adoption du r&#232;glement europ&#233;en &#171; retour &#187; : la mise &#224; mort du droit international&lt;/a&gt; &#187;, 26 mars 2026&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-26&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-26&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-26&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;26&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Ibidem&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-27&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-27&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-27&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;27&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Notamment le &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.eeas.europa.eu/niger/lunion-europeenne-et-le-niger_fr&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;partenariat UE-Niger&lt;/a&gt; de 2022&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb2-28&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh2-28&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 2-28&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;28&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Voir &#224; ce sujet Migreurop, &lt;a href=&#034;https://migreurop.org/article3516.html?lang_article=fr&#034;&gt;Revue de presse d&#233;cembre 2025&lt;/a&gt;, 5 janvier 2026&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		</content:encoded>


		
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	</item>
<item xml:lang="fr">
		<title>Revue de presse janvier 2026</title>
		<link>https://migreurop.org/article3536.html</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://migreurop.org/article3536.html</guid>
		<dc:date>2026-01-29T11:38:34Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>fr</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Camille</dc:creator>


		<dc:subject>Libye</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Mauritanie</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Tunisie</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Espagne</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Belgique</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Portugal</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Su&#232;de</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Royaume-Uni</dc:subject>

		<description>
&lt;p&gt;Libye L'Orient-le-Jour, &#8220;21 corps de migrants subsahariens d&#233;couverts dans une fosse commune&#8221;, le 15 janvier 2026 &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
En Libye, 21 corps d'exil&#233;&#183;e&#183;s ont &#233;t&#233; d&#233;couverts mi-janvier dans une fosse commune &#224; Ajdabiya, dans le nord-est du pays. Selon les autorit&#233;s locales, les victimes &#233;taient d&#233;tenues dans une ferme transform&#233;e en lieu de d&#233;tention pour les personnes exil&#233;es. Plusieurs survivant&#183;e&#183;s, retrouv&#233;&#183;e&#183;s dans un &#233;tat critique, ont permis de localiser le charnier. &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Des fosses communes (&#8230;)&lt;/p&gt;


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 <content:encoded>&lt;img src='https://migreurop.org/local/cache-vignettes/L150xH150/1-2-61913.png?1769686780' class='spip_logo spip_logo_right' width='150' height='150' alt=&#034;&#034; /&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;div class=&#034;cs_sommaire cs_sommaire_avec_fond&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire&#034;&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;cs_sommaire_inner&#034;&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;cs_sommaire_titre_avec_fond&#034;&gt; Sommaire &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;cs_sommaire_corps&#034;&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Libye&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_0'&gt;Libye&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Mauritanie&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_1'&gt;Mauritanie&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Rwanda&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_2'&gt;Rwanda&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Tunisie&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_3'&gt;Tunisie&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Espagne&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_4'&gt;Espagne&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Belgique&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_5'&gt;Belgique&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;France&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_6'&gt;France&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Gr&#232;ce&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_7'&gt;Gr&#232;ce&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Portugal&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_8'&gt;Portugal&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Su&#232;de&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_9'&gt;Su&#232;de&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Royaume-Uni&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_10'&gt;Royaume-Uni&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Obligations de quitter le territoire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_11'&gt;Obligations de quitter le (&#8230;)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_0&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Libye&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt; &lt;i&gt;L'Orient-le-Jour, &#8220;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.lorientlejour.com/article/1491619/21-corps-de-migrants-subsahariens-decouverts-dans-une-fosse-commune.html&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;21 corps de migrants subsahariens d&#233;couverts dans une fosse commune&lt;/a&gt;&#8221;, le 15 janvier 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;En Libye, 21 corps d'exil&#233;&#183;e&#183;s ont &#233;t&#233; d&#233;couverts mi-janvier dans une fosse commune &#224; Ajdabiya, dans le nord-est du pays. Selon les autorit&#233;s locales, les victimes &#233;taient d&#233;tenues dans une ferme transform&#233;e en lieu de d&#233;tention pour les personnes exil&#233;es. Plusieurs survivant&#183;e&#183;s, retrouv&#233;&#183;e&#183;s dans un &#233;tat critique, ont permis de localiser le charnier.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Des fosses communes sont r&#233;guli&#232;rement d&#233;couvertes en Libye&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3-1&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir la revue de presse de f&#233;vrier 2025 et/ouUNSMIL, &#171; Under-Secretary-General&#034; id=&#034;nh3-1&#034;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;, et des violations des droits fondamentaux des personnes exil&#233;&#183;e&#183;s y sont constamment d&#233;nonc&#233;es&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3-2&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir notamment l'enqu&#234;te : Afrique XXI, &#171; En Libye, un syst&#232;me carc&#233;ral (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh3-2&#034;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. Pourtant, l'Union europ&#233;enne persiste &#224; collaborer avec la Libye, aussi bien dans le cadre de financements&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3-3&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir notamment, NDICI &#8211; Instrument de Voisinage, de Coop&#233;ration au (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh3-3&#034;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; accord&#233;s pour &#171; renforcer le contr&#244;le aux fronti&#232;res &#187; et &#171; la gestion des migrations &#187;, que pour former et &#233;quiper les &#171; garde-c&#244;tes &#187; libyens&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3-4&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir en ce sens ; LaLibre, &#171; Des garde-c&#244;tes libyens form&#233;s et &#233;quip&#233;s par (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh3-4&#034;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. De cette fa&#231;on, l'Union europ&#233;enne contribue &#224; maintenir un syst&#232;me meurtrier pour les personnes exil&#233;es en Libye et partant, elle engage sa responsabilit&#233; dans les violations massives des droits humains dans le pays&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3-5&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Amnesty International, &#171; Libye. Les gouvernements europ&#233;ens se rendent (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh3-5&#034;&gt;5&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_1&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;Mauritanie&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;Infomigrants, &#8220;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.infomigrants.net/fr/post/69116/les-ressortissants-africains-sont-les-bienvenus-en-mauritanie-affirme-le-premier-ministre-mauritanien-a-dakar&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Les 'ressortissants africains sont les bienvenus' en Mauritanie, affirme le Premier ministre mauritanien &#224; Dakar&lt;/a&gt;&#8221;, le 9 janvier 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;En d&#233;placement &#224; Dakar les 8 et 9 janvier, le Premier ministre mauritanien Moctar Ould Diay a affirm&#233; que &#171; tous les ressortissant&#183;e&#183;s du continent africain et de la sous-r&#233;gion [&#233;taient] les bienvenu&#183;e&#183;s en Mauritanie &#187;. En proposant d'accepter sur son sol l'ensemble des ressortissant&#183;e&#183;s du continent africain, la Mauritanie offre une solution aux &#201;tats europ&#233;ens, qui, confront&#233;s &#224; des impossibilit&#233;s mat&#233;rielles et juridiques, ne peuvent pas mettre en &#339;uvre l'ensemble des obligations de quitter le territoire qu'ils d&#233;livrent.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Cette d&#233;claration intervient alors que Nouakchott est constamment &#233;pingl&#233; pour porter atteinte aux droits fondamentaux des personnes exil&#233;es&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3-6&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir en ce sens, le rapport de l'ONG Human Rights Watch,&#171; Mauritanie : Des (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh3-6&#034;&gt;6&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. Du fait de son ouverture sur la c&#244;te atlantique et de sa proximit&#233; avec les &#238;les Canaries, la Mauritanie est devenue un pays de transit majeur vers l'Europe. En mars 2024, elle a sign&#233; un partenariat migratoire avec l'Union europ&#233;enne moyennant un financement de plus de 200 millions d'euros pour &#171; emp&#234;cher les d&#233;parts &#187; et en octobre 2025, l'Union y a financ&#233; et construit deux &#171; centres d'accueil temporaire des &#233;trangers &#187;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3-7&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir la revue de presse de novembre 2025&#034; id=&#034;nh3-7&#034;&gt;7&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;En d&#233;l&#233;guant la gestion de ses fronti&#232;res, l'Union europ&#233;enne a contribu&#233; &#224; renforcer et multiplier les violences commises &#224; l'encontre des personnes exil&#233;es&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3-8&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir en ce sens, El Sato, &#8220;El Gobierno de Espa&#241;a abre dos c&#225;rceles de (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh3-8&#034;&gt;8&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;, pour qui, la Mauritanie n'est pas un pays s&#251;r&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3-9&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir notamment,la d&#233;claration de l'Association Mauritanienne des Droits de (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh3-9&#034;&gt;9&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;, au vu notamment des refoulements aux fronti&#232;res s&#233;n&#233;galaise et malienne, des arrestations massives in situ, ou m&#234;me de la hausse des retours dits &#171; volontaires &#187;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_2&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;Rwanda&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt; &lt;i&gt;Courrier international, &#8220;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.courrierinternational.com/article/asile-le-rwanda-poursuit-le-royaume-uni-apres-l-annulation-de-leur-accord-migratoire_239890&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Le Rwanda poursuit le Royaume-Uni apr&#232;s l'annulation de leur accord migratoire&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;i&gt; &#187;, le 28 janvier 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Le Rwanda a engag&#233; une proc&#233;dure d'arbitrage devant la Cour permanente d'arbitrage de La Haye contre le Royaume-Uni pour r&#233;clamer 50 millions de livres,apr&#232;s que le pays a suspendu les paiements pr&#233;vus dans le cadre de l'arrangement conclu entre les deux &#201;tats en 2022&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3-10&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir en ce sens : &#171; Arrangement Royaume-Uni/Rwanda : externaliser l'asile en (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh3-10&#034;&gt;10&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;, dont l'objectif &#233;tait de sous-traiter au Rwanda les demandes de protection jug&#233;es irrecevables par le Royaume-Uni. En somme, il s'agissait d'envoyer au Rwanda les personnes arriv&#233;es sur le territoire britannique de mani&#232;re dite &#171; irr&#233;guli&#232;re &#187;, pour que le Rwanda g&#232;re leur demande de protection. Apr&#232;s moult rebondissements judiciaires et politiques, et &#224; la suite de la victoire du Labour aux &#233;lections g&#233;n&#233;rales britanniques en juillet 2024, Keir Starmer avait en effet renonc&#233; au deal, le d&#233;clarant &#171; mort et enterr&#233; &#187;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3-11&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir notamment, BBC, &#171; Starmer confirms Rwanda deportation plan 'dead' &#187;, (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh3-11&#034;&gt;11&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Ce contentieux souligne la logique marchande,propre &#224; l'externalisation, qui &#171; permet &#224; des r&#233;gimes autoritaires non-europ&#233;ens de se renflouer &#233;conomiquement et d'&#234;tre r&#233;habilit&#233;s au niveau diplomatique &#187;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3-12&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Ibid.&#034; id=&#034;nh3-12&#034;&gt;12&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. Il r&#233;v&#232;le en outre les limites de cette externalisation, l'arrangement ayant notamment &#233;t&#233; abandonn&#233; en raison des r&#233;serves &#233;mises par la justice britannique&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3-13&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;UK's supreme court,AAA and others v. Secretary of Statefor the Home (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh3-13&#034;&gt;13&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;, qui avait statu&#233; en ce sens que le Rwanda n'&#233;tait pas un &#171; pays tiers s&#251;r &#187; et qu'il existait des motifs s&#233;rieux de croire que les demandeurs d'asile renvoy&#233;s y couraient un risque r&#233;el d'&#234;tre soumis &#224; des mauvais traitements. Si le Rwanda a r&#233;affirm&#233; &#224; cette occasion son engagement pour apporter s&#233;curit&#233;, dignit&#233; et opportunit&#233;s aux personnes exil&#233;es, cette position continue de contraster avec les atteintes aux droits d&#233;nonc&#233;es in situ&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3-14&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Amnesty International, Rwanda : la situation des droits humains, 2024 / (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh3-14&#034;&gt;14&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_3&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;
Tunisie&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;Le Monde, &#8220;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2026/01/06/en-tunisie-des-humanitaires-liberes-mais-une-repression-toujours-aussi-forte_6660759_3212.html&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;En Tunisie, des humanitaires lib&#233;r&#233;s mais une r&#233;pression toujours aussi forte&lt;/a&gt;&#8221;, le 6 janvier 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Apr&#232;s 20 mois de d&#233;tention, Sherifa Riahi, ancienne directrice de Terre d'asile Tunisie, a finalement &#233;t&#233; remise en libert&#233; le 6 janvier 2026 &#224; l'issue de son proc&#232;s. Pour rappel, l'ancienne directrice de Terre d'asile Tunisie &#233;tait poursuivie &#8211; avec d'autres cadres de l'association et des &#233;lu&#183;e&#183;s locaux &#8211; pour avoir &#171; facilit&#233; l'entr&#233;e, l'h&#233;bergement et l'installation de personnes en situation irr&#233;guli&#232;re &#187;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Bien que condamn&#233;es &#224; deux ans de prison, les personnes poursuivies ont &#233;t&#233; remises en libert&#233;, mais leur peine a &#233;t&#233; assortie d'un sursis compte tenu de la dur&#233;e de leur d&#233;tention&#171; provisoire &#187;. Toutefois, ce sursis constitue un moyen de pression du pouvoir tunisien sur les &#233;lu&#183;e&#183;s locaux et les d&#233;fenseur&#183;euse&#183;s des droits pour entraver leurs actions. Par ailleurs, se poursuivent les attaques r&#233;p&#233;t&#233;es du gouvernement du pr&#233;sident Ka&#239;s Sa&#239;ed &#224; l'encontre des d&#233;fenseur&#183;euse&#183;s des droits humains&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3-15&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir notamment, Migreurop, &#171; Suspension des activit&#233;s du FTDES en Tunisie &#187;, (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh3-15&#034;&gt;15&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_4&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;
Espagne&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;Reuters, &#8220;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.reuters.com/world/spain-opposes-plan-asylum-centres-outside-eu-2026-01-20/&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Spain opposes plan for asylum centers outside EU&lt;/a&gt; &#8221;, le 20 janvier 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Alors que l'Union europ&#233;enne est en passe d'ent&#233;riner la cr&#233;ation de &#171; centres de retour &#187; hors de ses fronti&#232;res pour les demandeur&#183;euse&#183;s d'asile d&#233;bout&#233;&#183;e&#183;s, l'Espagne s'y oppose. Son ministre de l'Int&#233;rieur estime que ces centres constituent une fausse solution dont les effets juridiques et politiques sont pr&#233;occupants,au regard en particulier des centres de Tirana&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3-16&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir notamment, Migreurop, &#171; Protocole d'accord Italie/Albanie sur les (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh3-16&#034;&gt;16&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Si l'Espagne fait figure d'exception, cette position s'accompagne toutefois d'un discours sur l'efficacit&#233; du mod&#232;le espagnol qui consiste &#224; externaliser et d&#233;l&#233;guer la gestion des fronti&#232;res &#224; des &#201;tats tiers &#224; l'Union europ&#233;enne pour emp&#234;cher les d&#233;parts vers l'Europe&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3-17&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir notamment les partenariats avec la Mauritanie, le S&#233;n&#233;galou encore le (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh3-17&#034;&gt;17&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. Cette strat&#233;gie repose bien sur la sous-traitance du contr&#244;le migratoire &#224; des &#201;tats o&#249; les violations des droits des personnes exil&#233;es sont largement document&#233;es&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3-18&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;R&#233;cemment, Migreurop, &#171; Manifeste contre la r&#233;pression des personnes (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh3-18&#034;&gt;18&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Si l'on peut se r&#233;jouir du fait que l'Espagne prenne ses distances avec les &#171; return hubs &#187;, sa politique migratoire reste pleinement inscrite dans la strat&#233;gie europ&#233;enne d'externalisation, laquelle d&#233;place toujours plus loin ses fronti&#232;res et la gestion de l'asile, et sacrifie les droits humains au nom de la dissuasion.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt; &lt;i&gt;El Diario, &#171; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.eldiario.es/desalambre/cinco-anos-lucha-regularizacion-intrahistoria-movimiento-liderado-migrantes-consiguio_1_12952539.html&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Cinco a&#241;os de lucha por la regulazizaci&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#243;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;n : la intrahistoria del movimiento liderado por migrantes que lo consigui&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#243;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;i&gt; &#187;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;, le 31 janvier 2025&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt; &lt;i&gt;Lib&#233;ration, &lt;/i&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.liberation.fr/international/europe/espagne-la-regularisation-de-500-000-sans-papiers-une-avancee-qui-affole-la-droite-20260127_WNJHORDRKNAF5GLCFX32DLST4Q/?redirected=1&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#171; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;Espagne : la r&#233;gularisation de 500 000 sans-papiers, une avanc&#233;e qui affole la droite&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;i&gt; &#187;, le 27 janvier 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Le gouvernement espagnol a approuv&#233;, le 27 janvier 2026, un d&#233;cret-loi visant &#224; r&#233;gulariser 500 000 personnes en situation administrative dite &#171; irr&#233;guli&#232;re &#187;. La mesure concerne les &#233;tranger&#183;e&#183;s pr&#233;sent&#183;e&#183;s en Espagne depuis au moins cinq mois fin 2025, sans casier judiciaire, ainsi que certain&#183;e&#183;s demandeur&#183;euse&#183;s d'asile dont la demande a &#233;t&#233; d&#233;pos&#233;e avant le 31 d&#233;cembre 2025. L'examen des demandes de titres de s&#233;jour - valables un an pour les adultes et cinq ans pour les mineur&#183;e&#183;s - commencera &#224; compter du 1er avril et se fera par le biais d'une proc&#233;dure acc&#233;l&#233;r&#233;e n'exc&#233;dant pas trois mois.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Cette op&#233;ration de &#171; r&#233;gularisation &#187; extraordinaire, n&#233;e d'une initiative l&#233;gislative populaire sign&#233;e par plus de 700 000 personnes, est le r&#233;sultat d'ann&#233;es de luttes port&#233;es par les personnes exil&#233;es elles-m&#234;mes, avec le soutien des associations de d&#233;fense des droits humains&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3-19&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir en ce sens, Sos Racismo Madrid, &#8220;&#161;Regularizaci&#243;n Ya ! (Manifesto y (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh3-19&#034;&gt;19&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. L'Espagne assume ainsi un choix politique fort, comme elle l'a d&#233;j&#224; fait &#224; plusieurs reprises. En effet, le pays cumule un programme de r&#233;gularisation continue (notamment &#224; travers l'enracinement social ou professionnel - &lt;i&gt;arraigo&lt;/i&gt;) et des op&#233;rations extraordinaires, lorsqu'un large groupe est vis&#233; par des politiques temporaires, comme ce fut notamment le cas en 2005&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3-20&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir notamment, Lib&#233;ration, &#171; L'Espagne va r&#233;gulariser en masse &#187;, le 17 (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh3-20&#034;&gt;20&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;, ou encore &#224; l'occasion de la r&#233;forme du R&#232;glement de la loi sur les &#233;trangers (&lt;i&gt;Extranjeria&lt;/i&gt;) en 2025.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Ce choix va largement &#224; contre-courant des politiques restrictives men&#233;es ailleurs en Europe. Il n'en demeure pas moins que cette r&#233;gularisation, justifi&#233;e par la n&#233;cessit&#233; de soutenir la &#171; croissance &#233;conomique &#187;, ob&#233;it &#224; une logique d'utilitarisme migratoire en r&#233;pondant &#224; un besoin de main-d'&#339;uvre et &#224; des contraintes d&#233;mographiques.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_5&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;Belgique&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;Vrt, &#8220;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/fr/2026/01/22/la-ministre-van-bossuyt-veut-encourager-le-retour-des-syriens-en/&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;La ministre Van Bossuyt veut encourager le retour des Syriens en leur accordant jusqu'&#224; 5.000 euros d'aide &#224; la r&#233;int&#233;gration&lt;/a&gt;&#8221;, le 22 janvier 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;La ministre belge de l'Asile et de la Migration, a annonc&#233; que la Belgique allait augmenter l'aide financi&#232;re &#224; la &#171; r&#233;int&#233;gration &#187; des ressortissant&#183;e&#183;s syrien&#183;ne&#183;s &#171; acceptant de retourner chez eux &#187;. Pr&#233;sent&#233;e comme une mesure &#171; volontaire &#187;, cette politique repose sur une incitation financi&#232;re d&#233;gressive selon l'avanc&#233;e de la proc&#233;dure d'asile, et s'accompagne, dans &#171; la mesure du possible &#187;, d'une interdiction de retour sur le territoire.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Cette strat&#233;gie s'inscrit dans une politique d'exclusion progressive des personnes exil&#233;es du syst&#232;me d'accueil belge, dont la pr&#233;carisation organis&#233;e&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3-21&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Notamment : absence d'h&#233;bergement pour les hommes seuls, gels des proc&#233;dures (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh3-21&#034;&gt;21&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;, sert de levier pour contraindre les &#171; retours volontaires &#187;. La Belgique rejoint ainsi d'autres &#201;tats europ&#233;ens qui, depuis 2024 avec la chute du r&#233;gime de Bachar el Assad, multiplient les dispositifs destin&#233;s &#224; faciliter et contraindre le retour des ressortissant&#183;e&#183;s syrien&#183;ne&#183;s en Syrie et ce, en d&#233;pit de la persistance des violences, de l'instabilit&#233; politique et de l'absence de garanties de s&#233;curit&#233; et de droits pour les personnes &#171; renvoy&#233;es &#187;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3-22&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir notamment, Euractiv, &#171; Rapatriement de Syriens : le ministre allemand (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh3-22&#034;&gt;22&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_6&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;France&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt; &lt;i&gt;Les Jours,&lt;/i&gt; &#171; &lt;a href=&#034;https://lesjours.fr/obsessions/immigration-mineurs/ep15-rapport-cgt-juges-cnda/&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#171; Les Africains, &lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;c'est&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt; des sauvages &#187; : des juges du droit d'asile en roue libre&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;i&gt; &#187;, le 27 janvier 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt; &lt;i&gt;Le Monde, &#171; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.lemonde.fr/societe/article/2026/01/29/a-la-cour-nationale-du-droit-d-asile-des-propos-racistes-sexistes-et-homophobes-epingles_6664587_3224.html&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&lt;i&gt;A la Cour nationale du droit d'asile, des propos racistes, sexistes et homophobes &#233;pingl&#233;s&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;i&gt; &#187;, le 29 janvier 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Le m&#233;dia &lt;i&gt;Les Jours&lt;/i&gt; a rendu public un rapport de la CGT, faisant &#233;tat de propos racistes, sexistes et homophobes tenus par des juges de la Cour nationale du droit d'asile (CNDA) envers des demandeur&#183;euse&#183;s d'asile, lors d'audiences directement ou a posteriori, pendant les d&#233;lib&#233;r&#233;s. Pour rappel, cette juridiction est charg&#233;e d'examiner les recours dirig&#233;s contre les d&#233;cisions de l'Office fran&#231;ais de protection des r&#233;fugi&#233;s et des apatrides (OFPRA), lui-m&#234;me charg&#233; de l'instruction des demandes d'asile.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Les t&#233;moignages, recueillis anonymement aupr&#232;s d'agents de la juridiction, interrogent sur l'ind&#233;pendance de la Cour et sur sa capacit&#233; &#224; garantir un examen &#233;quitable des demandes de protection internationale, d'autant que des pressions sur l'institution et ses membres ont d&#233;j&#224; &#233;t&#233; d&#233;nonc&#233;es&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3-23&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir en ce sens, Mediapart, &#171; Cour nationale du droit d'asile : des juges (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh3-23&#034;&gt;23&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. Ces r&#233;v&#233;lations mettent aussi en cause son fonctionnement, qui repose tr&#232;s majoritairement sur des juges vacataires (environ 500, contre seulement 26 magistrats professionnels et permanents), souvent retrait&#233;s de la justice administrative, financi&#232;re ou judiciaire, ou issus de l'universit&#233; et de la haute fonction publique, notamment pr&#233;fectorale. Insuffisamment form&#233;s aux enjeux sp&#233;cifiques de l'asile, ces juges sont point&#233;s du doigt pour avoir laiss&#233; transpara&#238;tre &#171; leurs convictions personnelles ou politiques &#187;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;En exprimant des propos racistes, sexistes ou homophobes au sein de la juridiction, un juge compromet de facto sa neutralit&#233; et son impartialit&#233;, or cela est d'autant plus pr&#233;occupant que les d&#233;cisions rendues menacent directement la s&#233;curit&#233; et les droits fondamentaux des personnes exil&#233;es.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_7&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;Gr&#232;ce&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;Le Monde, &#8220;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.lemonde.fr/international/article/2026/01/16/poursuivis-par-la-grece-pour-trafic-de-migrants-24-humanitaires-acquittes-a-lesbos_6662533_3210.html&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Poursuivis par la Gr&#232;ce pour trafic de migrants, 24 humanitaires acquitt&#233;s &#224; Lesbos&lt;/a&gt;&#8221;, le 16 janvier 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;L'acquittement de Sara Mardini et de 23 autres b&#233;n&#233;voles de l'ONG ERCI par le tribunal de Lesbos met fin &#224; sept ann&#233;es de poursuites arbitraires et confirme que &#171; fournir une aide humanitaire est une obligation, pas un crime &#187;. Accus&#233;s de trafic de migrants, blanchiment d'argent et appartenance &#224; une organisation criminelle, pour avoir men&#233; des op&#233;rations de recherche et de sauvetage en mer &#201;g&#233;e entre 2016 et 2018, les b&#233;n&#233;voles risquaient jusqu'&#224; vingt ans de prison.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Cette victoire au pr&#233;toire est r&#233;v&#233;latrice de la criminalisation de l'action humanitaire mise en &#339;uvre par les autorit&#233;s grecques pour dissuader les acteur&#183;rice&#183;s civils de recherche et de sauvetage en mer d'intervenir, l&#224; o&#249; pourtant les &#201;tats se sont retir&#233;s. En effet, depuis 2019, les patrouilles navales &#233;tatiques ont d&#233;sert&#233; la mer M&#233;diterran&#233;e au profit d'une surveillance a&#233;rienne&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3-24&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir notamment, Amnesty International, &#171; Union europ&#233;enne. La r&#233;duction des (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh3-24&#034;&gt;24&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. Ainsi, en laissant prosp&#233;rer ces poursuites judiciaires pendant des ann&#233;es, la Gr&#232;ce a contribu&#233; &#224; entraver l'action salvatrice des acteur&#183;rice&#183;s civils en mer,et &#224; mettre en danger les personnes exil&#233;es.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_8&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;Portugal&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;Expresso, &#8220;&lt;a href=&#034;https://expresso.pt/internacional/2026-01-12-portugal-escolhe-pagar-mais-de-8-milhoes-para-nao-acolher-refugiados-de-outros-estados-membros-b52c15cd&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Portugal escolhe pagar mais de &#8364;8 milh&#245;es para n&#227;o acolher refugiados de outros Estados-membros&lt;/a&gt;&#8221;, le 12 janvier 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Pour 2026, le Portugal pr&#233;f&#232;re s'acquitter d'une compensation financi&#232;re de 8,4 millions d'euros &#224; l'Union europ&#233;enne, plut&#244;t que d'accueillir 420 demandeur&#183;euse&#183;s d'asile dans le cadre de l'entr&#233;e en application du &#171; m&#233;canisme de solidarit&#233; &#187; issu du Pacte sur la migration et l'asile adopt&#233; en 2024, afin de &#171; r&#233;partir &#233;quitablement les demandeur&#183;euse&#183;s d'asile sur le territoire de l'Union europ&#233;enne &#187;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3-25&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir la revue de presse de novembre 2025&#034; id=&#034;nh3-25&#034;&gt;25&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. Si l'objectif poursuivi est la relocalisation des demandeur&#183;euse&#183;s d'asile, le Pacte institutionnalise un droit de refus moyennant le paiement d'une contribution financi&#232;re de 20 000 &#8364; par personne non accueillie.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Alors qu'il vient juste d'entrer en application, le m&#233;canisme de solidarit&#233; (&#171; flexible &#187;), r&#233;v&#232;le ses v&#233;ritables enjeux : &#233;chapper au partage des responsabilit&#233;s, financer la fortification des fronti&#232;res et la d&#233;tention. Avec ce Pacte, l'Union europ&#233;enne prend le probl&#232;me &#224; l'envers en pr&#233;tendant r&#233;soudre une situation dont elle est elle-m&#234;me responsable, les travers&#233;es maritimes &#233;tant par exemple une cons&#233;quence directe de la fermeture des fronti&#232;res europ&#233;ennes. Ce m&#233;canisme est en r&#233;alit&#233; un dispositif fallacieux, qui organise la solidarit&#233; entre &#201;tats membres dans la r&#233;pression et le contr&#244;le, non pas dans l'accueil des exil&#233;&#183;e&#183;s.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_9&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;Su&#232;de
&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;Infomigrants, &#8220;&lt;a href=&#034;https://expresso.pt/internacional/2026-01-12-portugal-escolhe-pagar-mais-de-8-milhoes-para-nao-acolher-refugiados-de-outros-estados-membros-b52c15cd&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Sweden calls for EU-wide action on returning failed Afghan asylum seekers&lt;/a&gt;&#8221;, le 23 janvier 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;AP News, &#171; &lt;a href=&#034;https://apnews.com/article/migration-deportation-sweden-afghanistan-crime-30a5f85c6eb26aab4ec6d9499473b681&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Failed Afghan asylum seekers need to go back home, Sweden's migration minister urges &lt;/a&gt; &#187;, le 22 janvier 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;La Su&#232;de appelle l'Union europ&#233;enne &#224; franchir une nouvelle &#233;tape dans la politique de retour des ressortissant&#183;e&#183;s afghan&#183;e&#183;s. Son ministre des Migrations, Johan Forssell, plaide pour la mise en place d'un dispositif europ&#233;en commun de d&#233;livrance de documents d'identit&#233; et de voyage afin de faciliter l'expulsion desdemandeur&#183;euse&#183;s d&#233;bout&#233;es de l'asile.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;D&#233;j&#224;, en octobre 2025, 20 &#201;tats membres avaient sign&#233; une lettre conjointe appelant la Commission europ&#233;enne &#224; prendre des &#171; mesures coordonn&#233;es pour permettre le retour volontaire et forc&#233; vers l'Afghanistan &#187;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3-26&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Joint letter from the undersigned ministers on voluntary and forced return (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh3-26&#034;&gt;26&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. En appelant l'Union europ&#233;enne &#224; ouvrir des &#171; n&#233;gociations techniques &#187; avec les autorit&#233;s talibanes de facto pour permettre les expulsions, les &#201;tats s'enferment dans une contradiction majeure, en souhaitant n&#233;gocier avec un r&#233;gime qu'ils ne reconnaissent pas officiellement. D'autant que l'Afghanistan ne saurait &#234;tre consid&#233;r&#233; comme un &#171; pays d'origine s&#251;r &#187;. Depuis la reprise du pouvoir par les talibans en 2021, le pays continue d'&#234;tre marqu&#233; par des violations massives des droits de l'Homme&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3-27&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir le rapport de l'ONU, &#171; No safe haven : Human rights risks faced by (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh3-27&#034;&gt;27&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;, rendant toute expulsion contraire au principe de non-refoulement et &#224; l'article 3 de la Convention europ&#233;enne des droits de l'Homme.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_10&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;Royaume-Uni&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;The Guardian, &#8220;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2026/jan/04/uk-plans-seize-asylum-seekers-phones-condemned-campaigners&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;UK's plans to seize asylum seekers' phones condemned by campaigners&lt;/a&gt;&#8221;, le 4 janvier 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;BBC, &#171; &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cm240jvnen0o&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;New powers to seize phones from migrants come into force &lt;/a&gt; &#187;, le 5 janvier 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Le Home Office a annonc&#233; que les personnes exil&#233;es, principalement celles arriv&#233;es par la Manche, peuvent d&#233;sormais se voir confisquer par la police leurs t&#233;l&#233;phones, sans arrestation ni contr&#244;le judiciaire pr&#233;alable. Les autorit&#233;s sont aussi autoris&#233;es &#224; proc&#233;der &#224; des fouilles, notamment sur les mineurs, y compris des &#171; fouilles buccales &#187; pour chercher d'&#233;ventuelles cartes SIM.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Cette autorisation de saisie des t&#233;l&#233;phones portables est issue de la loi sur la s&#233;curit&#233; des fronti&#232;res, l'asile et l'immigration adopt&#233;e au Parlement en d&#233;cembre 2025&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3-28&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Border Security, Asylum and Immigration Act 2025&#034; id=&#034;nh3-28&#034;&gt;28&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. Or, en introduisant des techniques de l'anti-terrorisme pour &#171; lutter contre les r&#233;seaux de passeurs &#187;, cette loi stigmatise une nouvelle fois les exil&#233;&#183;e&#183;s, qui du seul fait du franchissement de la fronti&#232;re se trouvent pr&#233;sum&#233;&#183;e&#183;s coupables de constituer une menace pour la s&#233;curit&#233;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Au-del&#224;,ces nouvelles pr&#233;rogatives de la police constituent plus largement une atteinte au droit &#224; la vie priv&#233;e et familiale. D&#233;j&#224; en 2022, la Haute Cour de justice avait jug&#233; en ce sens que la confiscation et la fouille des t&#233;l&#233;phones portables par la police &#233;tait contraire &#224; l'article 8 de la Convention europ&#233;enne des droits de l'Homme et aux lois sur la protection des donn&#233;es&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3-29&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;R (HM and MA and KH) v Secretary of State for the Home Department, 25 mars 2022&#034; id=&#034;nh3-29&#034;&gt;29&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. Une nouvelle d&#233;cision en ce sens risque de raviver l'obsession de Keir Starmer, d&#233;j&#224; engag&#233; dans une surench&#232;re politique face aux pressions de l'extr&#234;me droite, pour r&#233;former la Convention&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3-30&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir notamment, Le Monde, &#171; Contre l'immigration ill&#233;gale, le Royaume-Uni et (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh3-30&#034;&gt;30&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;The Guardian, &#8220;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2026/jan/05/one-in-one-out-asylum-seekers-accuse-uk-degrading-treatment&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Eighty &#8216;one in, one out' asylum seekers accuse UK of degrading treatment&lt;/a&gt;&#8221;, le 5 janvier 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Au Royaume-Uni, les demandeur&#183;euse&#183;s d'asile d&#233;tenu&#183;e&#183;s en vue de leur renvoi vers la France dans le cadre de l'accord&#171; One in, one out &#187;,d&#233;noncent leurs conditions de d&#233;tention dans les centres de Harmondsworth et Brook House. A travers des rapports, t&#233;moignages&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3-31&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir notamment, &#171; Reports from Harmondsworth and Brook House protesters &#187;, (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh3-31&#034;&gt;31&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;, manifestations pacifiques dans les centres, les personnes exil&#233;es interpellent les instances de l'ONU, les organisations de d&#233;fense des droits humains et les m&#233;dias.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Dans un rapport collectif envoy&#233; aux instances onusiennes, les d&#233;tenu&#183;e&#183;s d&#233;noncent de nombreuses violations de leurs droits : abus physiques, psychologiques et &#233;motionnels extr&#234;mes. Les exil&#233;&#183;e&#183;s font notamment &#233;tat de l'absence d'assistance juridique et notamment de l'impossibilit&#233; d'acc&#232;s &#224; un avocat, de soins m&#233;dicaux insuffisants, voire inexistants, ainsi que de pratiques d&#233;gradantes g&#233;n&#233;ralis&#233;es. Dans ces conditions, beaucoup &#233;voquent des &#233;pisodes de d&#233;pression, d'anxi&#233;t&#233;, d'isolement forc&#233; et des tentatives d'automutilation.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Ces d&#233;nonciations, qui interviennent alors que le gouvernement britannique a renforc&#233; son arsenal r&#233;pressif en d&#233;cembre 2025&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3-32&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Ibid. Border Security, Asylum and Immigration Act 2025&#034; id=&#034;nh3-32&#034;&gt;32&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;, mettent en lumi&#232;re l'iniquit&#233; de l'accord &#171; One in, One out &#187;, qui prive les demandeur&#183;euse&#183;s d'asile de leur droit &#224; un examen individualis&#233;, et t&#233;moignent de l'injustice et du d&#233;sespoir que les camps de d&#233;tention g&#233;n&#232;rent parmi celles et ceux qui s'y retrouvent pi&#233;g&#233;s.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Elles sont en outre r&#233;v&#233;latrices de l'&#233;rosion du droit d'asile et du traitement r&#233;serv&#233; aux demandeur&#183;euse&#183;s d'asile au Royaume-Uni, et au-del&#224; en Europe.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_11&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;Obligations de quitter le territoire &lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;Infomigrants, &#8220;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.infomigrants.net/fr/post/69358/au-dernier-trimestre-2025-lue-a-delivre-115-440-obligations-de-quitter-le-territoire-europeen&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Au dernier trimestre 2025, l'UE a d&#233;livr&#233; 115 440 obligations de quitter le territoire europ&#233;en&lt;/a&gt;&#8221;, le 22 janvier 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Au dernier trimestre 2025,selon les chiffres de la Commission europ&#233;enne&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3-33&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Eurostat, &#171; Returns of irregular migrants - quarterly statistics &#187;,&#224; jour au (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh3-33&#034;&gt;33&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;,115 440 personnes ont re&#231;u une obligation de quitter le territoire dans l'Union europ&#233;enne. La France reste le pays qui en d&#233;livre le plus, devant l'Allemagne et la Gr&#232;ce. Toutefois, seule une minorit&#233; de ces d&#233;cisions sont effectivement suivies d'un d&#233;part. En 2025, 34 000 personnes ont quitt&#233; le territoire de l'Union europ&#233;enne, dont une partie par des dispositifs de &#171; retour volontaire &#187;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Une grande partie de ces obligations ne sont pas mises en &#339;uvre, non par manque de volont&#233; politique, mais parce qu'elles sont mat&#233;riellement ou juridiquement impossibles (absence de laissez-passer consulaires, risques av&#233;r&#233;s dans le pays d'origine). Certaines nationalit&#233;s, comme les ressortissant&#183;e&#183;s alg&#233;rien&#183;ne&#183;s, sont particuli&#232;rement cibl&#233;es par ces obligations de quitter le territoire, alors m&#234;me que les expulsions restent quasiment impossibles en raison du refus de l'Alg&#233;rie de d&#233;livrer des laissez-passer consulaires&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb3-34&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Voir notamment, Lib&#233;ration, &#171; Alger retoque la liste de ressortissants que (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh3-34&#034;&gt;34&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Sans possibilit&#233; d'ex&#233;cution, ces obligations de quitter le territoire organisent la pr&#233;carisation des personnes exil&#233;es, en maintenant des milliers de personnes dans un vide juridique, sans droits ni acc&#232;s &#224; la r&#233;gularisation, tout en les emp&#234;chant de travailler. Les obligations de quitter le territoire servent ainsi d'outil pour mettre &#224; l'&#233;cart les exil&#233;&#183;e&#183;s, tout en affichant une politique migratoire pr&#233;tendument &#171; ma&#238;tris&#233;e &#187;, qui permet aux &#201;tats de communiquer sur leurs &#171; performances &#187; en mati&#232;re de retours forc&#233;s dans une Europe de plus en plus enferr&#233;e dans une hostilit&#233; patente envers les personnes en migration.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class='spip_document_5868 spip_document spip_documents spip_document_file spip_documents_center spip_document_center spip_document_avec_legende' data-legende-len=&#034;30&#034; data-legende-lenx=&#034;&#034;
&gt;
&lt;figure class=&#034;spip_doc_inner&#034;&gt;
&lt;a href='https://migreurop.org/IMG/pdf/revue_de_presse_janvier_2026.pdf' class=&#034; spip_doc_lien&#034; title='PDF - 424.2 kio' type=&#034;application/pdf&#034;&gt;&lt;img src='https://migreurop.org/local/cache-vignettes/L500xH500/1-4-8ca06.png?1769686780' width='500' height='500' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;figcaption class='spip_doc_legende'&gt; &lt;div class='spip_doc_titre '&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Revue de presse janvier 2026
&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/figcaption&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;hr /&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_notes'&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3-1&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3-1&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 3-1&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Voir la &lt;a href=&#034;https://migreurop.org/article3389.html?lang_article=fr#outil_sommaire_1&#034;&gt;revue de presse de f&#233;vrier 2025&lt;/a&gt; et/ouUNSMIL, &#171; &lt;a href=&#034;https://unsmil.unmissions.org/en/under-secretary-general-political-and-peacebuilding-affairs-rosemary-dicarlo%E2%80%99s-remarks&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Under-Secretary-General for Political and Peacebuilding Affairs Rosemary DiCarlo's remarks to the Security Council on the situation in Libya&lt;/a&gt; &#187;, le 19 f&#233;vrier 2025&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3-2&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3-2&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 3-2&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Voir notamment l'enqu&#234;te : Afrique XXI, &#171; &lt;a href=&#034;https://afriquexxi.info/En-Libye-un-systeme-carceral-meurtrier-a-l-ombre-de-l-Europe&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;En Libye, un syst&#232;me carc&#233;ral meurtrier &#224; l'ombre de l'Europe&lt;/a&gt; &#187;, le 19 d&#233;cembre 2025&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3-3&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3-3&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 3-3&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Voir notamment, &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.welcomeurope.com/the-list-of-our-programs/instrument-de-voisinage-de-cooperation-au-developpement-et-de-cooperation-internationale/&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;NDICI &#8211; Instrument de Voisinage, de Coop&#233;ration au D&#233;veloppement et de Coop&#233;ration Internationales&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3-4&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3-4&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 3-4&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Voir en ce sens ; LaLibre, &#171; &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.lalibre.be/international/europe/2025/08/26/des-garde-cotes-libyens-formes-et-equipes-par-lunion-europeenne-tirent-sur-le-navire-dune-ong-qui-secourt-des-migrants-DZILOZJNK5DJRJI34FDGSSXF4A/&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Des garde-c&#244;tes libyens form&#233;s et &#233;quip&#233;s par l'Union europ&#233;enne tirent sur le navire d'une ONG qui secourt des migrants &lt;/a&gt; &#187;, le 26 ao&#251;t 2025&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3-5&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3-5&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 3-5&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;5&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Amnesty International, &#171; &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.amnesty.org/fr/latest/press-release/2017/12/libya-european-governments-complicit-in-horrific-abuse-of-refugees-and-migrants/&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Libye. Les gouvernements europ&#233;ens se rendent complices des violations des droits humains des r&#233;fugi&#233;s et des migrants&lt;/a&gt; &#187;, le 12 d&#233;cembre 2017&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3-6&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3-6&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 3-6&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;6&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Voir en ce sens, le rapport de l'ONG Human Rights Watch,&#171; &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.hrw.org/fr/news/2025/08/27/mauritanie-des-annees-dabus-lies-aux-controles-des-migrations&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Mauritanie : Des ann&#233;es d'abus li&#233;s aux contr&#244;les des migrations &lt;/a&gt; &#187;, 27 ao&#251;t 2025&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3-7&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3-7&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 3-7&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;7&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Voir la &lt;a href=&#034;https://migreurop.org/article3497.html?lang_article=fr&#034;&gt;revue de presse de novembre 2025&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3-8&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3-8&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 3-8&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;8&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Voir en ce sens, El Sato, &#8220;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.elsaltodiario.com/fronteras/gobierno-espana-abre-dos-carceles-migrantes-mauritania&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;El Gobierno de Espa&#241;a abre dos c&#225;rceles de migrantes en Mauritania&lt;/a&gt;&#8221;, 5 novembre 2025.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3-9&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3-9&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 3-9&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;9&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Voir notamment,&lt;a href=&#034;https://migreurop.org/article3380.html?lang_article=fr&#034;&gt;la d&#233;claration de l'Association Mauritanienne des Droits de l'Homme&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3-10&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3-10&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 3-10&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;10&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Voir en ce sens : &#171; &lt;a href=&#034;https://migreurop.org/IMG/pdf/cp_migreurop_rwanda_jun_22_-_fr.pdf&#034;&gt;Arrangement Royaume-Uni/Rwanda : externaliser l'asile en Afrique, arme de dissuasion massive en Europe &lt;/a&gt; &#187;, 20 juin 2022&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3-11&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3-11&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 3-11&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;11&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Voir notamment, BBC, &#171; &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cz9dn8erg3zo&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Starmer confirms Rwanda deportation plan 'dead' &lt;/a&gt; &#187;, le 6 juillet 2024&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3-12&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3-12&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 3-12&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;12&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Ibid.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3-13&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3-13&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 3-13&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;13&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;UK's supreme court,&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.supremecourt.uk/cases/uksc-2023-0093%23judgment-details&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;AAA and others v. Secretary of Statefor the Home Departement&lt;/a&gt;, 15th of November 2023, UKSC 42&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3-14&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3-14&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 3-14&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;14&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Amnesty International, &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.amnesty.org/fr/location/africa/east-africa-the-horn-and-great-lakes/rwanda/report-rwanda/&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Rwanda : la situation des droits humains&lt;/a&gt;, 2024 / Human Rights Watch, &#171; &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.hrw.org/fr/world-report/2025/country-chapters/rwanda&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Rwanda, &#233;v&#233;nements de 2024&lt;/a&gt; &#187;, 2025&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3-15&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3-15&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 3-15&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;15&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Voir notamment, Migreurop, &#171; &lt;a href=&#034;https://migreurop.org/article3473.html&#034;&gt;Suspension des activit&#233;s du FTDES en Tunisie&lt;/a&gt; &#187;, le 28 octobre 2025 et/ou &lt;br class='manualbr' /&gt;Amnesty International, &#171; &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.amnesty.org/fr/latest/news/2025/11/tunisia-escalating-crackdown-on-human-rights-organizations-reaches-critical-levels/&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Tunisie. Le durcissement de la r&#233;pression contre les organisations de d&#233;fense des droits humains atteint des niveaux critiques&lt;/a&gt; &#187;, le 14 novembre 2025&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3-16&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3-16&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 3-16&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;16&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Voir notamment, Migreurop, &#171; &lt;a href=&#034;https://migreurop.org/article3230.html&#034;&gt;Protocole d'accord Italie/Albanie sur les migrations : une coop&#233;ration transfronti&#232;re contraire au droit international &lt;/a&gt; &#187;, le 13 f&#233;vrier 2024&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3-17&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3-17&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 3-17&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;17&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Voir notamment les partenariats avec la &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2024/08/28/la-mauritanie-et-l-espagne-s-engagent-a-gerer-ensemble-les-flux-migratoires_6297626_3212.html&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Mauritanie&lt;/a&gt;, le &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.mites.gob.es/es/mundo/consejerias/senegal/novedades/archivos/memorandos-fr.htm#:~:text=Senegal,-La Consejer%C3%ADa&amp;text=L'Espagne a sign%C3%A9 deux,migratoires s%C3%BBrs%2C ordonn%C3%A9s et r%C3%A9guliers.&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;S&#233;n&#233;gal&lt;/a&gt;ou encore le Maroc.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3-18&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3-18&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 3-18&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;18&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;R&#233;cemment, Migreurop, &#171; &lt;a href=&#034;https://migreurop.org/article3505.html?lang_article=fr&#034;&gt;Manifeste contre la r&#233;pression des personnes migrantes &#224; l'occasion de la Coupe d'Afrique des Nations au Maroc&lt;/a&gt; &#187;, le 18 d&#233;cembre 2025&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3-19&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3-19&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 3-19&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;19&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Voir en ce sens, Sos Racismo Madrid, &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.sosracismomadrid.es/regularizacion-ya-galeria/&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&#8220;&#161;Regularizaci&#243;n Ya ! (Manifesto y galer&#237;a 1ra parte)&lt;/a&gt;&#8221;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3-20&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3-20&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 3-20&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;20&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Voir notamment, Lib&#233;ration, &#171; &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.liberation.fr/evenement/2005/01/17/l-espagne-va-regulariser-en-masse_506298/?redirected=1&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;L'Espagne va r&#233;gulariser en masse &lt;/a&gt; &#187;, le 17 janvier 2005&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3-21&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3-21&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 3-21&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;21&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Notamment : &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.fedasil.be/fr/actualites/accueil-des-demandeurs-dasile/pas-daccueil-pour-les-hommes-isoles#:~:text=Depuis la fin de l,en fonction des places disponibles.&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;absence d'h&#233;bergement pour les hommes seuls&lt;/a&gt;, gels des proc&#233;dures d'asile, &lt;a href=&#034;https://fr.euronews.com/my-europe/2025/07/22/le-regroupement-familial-remis-en-cause-aussi-en-belgique&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;restrictions au regroupement familial&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3-22&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3-22&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 3-22&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;22&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Voir notamment, Euractiv, &#171; &lt;a href=&#034;https://euractiv.fr/news/rapatriement-de-syriens-le-ministre-allemand-des-affaires-etrangeres-declenche-une-polemique-au-sein-de-son-parti-conservateur/&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Rapatriement de Syriens : le ministre allemand des Affaires &#233;trang&#232;res d&#233;clenche une pol&#233;mique au sein de son parti conservateur&lt;/a&gt; &#187;, 6 novembre 2025&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3-23&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3-23&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 3-23&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;23&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Voir en ce sens, Mediapart, &#171; &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.mediapart.fr/journal/france/030921/cour-nationale-du-droit-d-asile-des-juges-denoncent-des-pressions&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Cour nationale du droit d'asile : des juges d&#233;noncent des &#171; pressions &#187; &lt;/a&gt; &#187;, le 3 septembre 2021&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3-24&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3-24&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 3-24&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;24&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Voir notamment, Amnesty International, &#171; &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.amnesty.org/fr/latest/press-release/2019/03/eu-diminished-operation-sophia-abandons-refugees-and-migrants-to-reckless-libyan-coast-guard/&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Union europ&#233;enne. La r&#233;duction des activit&#233;s de l'&#171; op&#233;ration Sophia &#187; abandonne r&#233;fugi&#233;s et migrants aux mains des impitoyables gardes-c&#244;tes libyens&lt;/a&gt; &#187;, le 27 mars 2019&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3-25&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3-25&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 3-25&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;25&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Voir la &lt;a href=&#034;https://migreurop.org/article3497.html?lang_article=fr#outil_sommaire_7&#034;&gt;revue de presse de novembre 2025&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3-26&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3-26&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 3-26&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;26&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://emnbelgium.be/sites/default/files/attachments/2025.10.16 - letter return AFGHANISTAN-1.pdf&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Joint letter from the undersigned ministers on voluntary and forced return to Afghanistan&lt;/a&gt;, 16 octobre 2025&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3-27&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3-27&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 3-27&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;27&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Voir le rapport de l'ONU, &#171; &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/countries/afghanistan/unama-human-rights-risks-and-returns-en.pdf&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;No safe haven : Human rights risks faced by persons involuntarily returned to Afghanistan&lt;/a&gt; &#187;, de juillet 2025.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3-28&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3-28&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 3-28&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;28&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://bills.parliament.uk/bills/3929&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Border Security, Asylum and Immigration Act 2025&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3-29&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3-29&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 3-29&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;29&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;R (HM and MA and KH) v Secretary of State for the Home Department, 25 mars 2022&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3-30&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3-30&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 3-30&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;30&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Voir notamment, Le Monde, &#171; &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.lemonde.fr/international/article/2025/12/10/contre-l-immigration-illegale-le-royaume-uni-et-le-danemark-appellent-a-reformer-la-convention-europeenne-des-droits-de-l-homme_6656678_3210.html&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Contre l'immigration ill&#233;gale, le Royaume-Uni et le Danemark appellent &#224; r&#233;former la Convention europ&#233;enne des droits de l'homme&lt;/a&gt; &#187;, le 10 d&#233;cembre 2025&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3-31&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3-31&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 3-31&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;31&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Voir notamment, &#171; &lt;a href=&#034;https://detainedvoices.com/2026/01/16/reports-from-harmondsworth-and-brook-house-protesters/&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Reports from Harmondsworth and Brook House protesters &lt;/a&gt; &#187;, le 14-15 janvier 2026&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3-32&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3-32&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 3-32&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;32&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Ibid. &lt;a href=&#034;https://bills.parliament.uk/bills/3929&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Border Security, Asylum and Immigration Act 2025&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3-33&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3-33&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 3-33&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;33&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Eurostat, &#171; &lt;a href=&#034;https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Returns_of_irregular_migrants_-_quarterly_statistics#Highlights&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Returns of irregular migrants - quarterly statistics&lt;/a&gt; &#187;,&#224; jour au 10 d&#233;cembre 2025&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb3-34&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh3-34&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Notes 3-34&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;34&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Voir notamment, Lib&#233;ration, &#171; &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.liberation.fr/societe/alger-retoque-la-liste-de-ressortissants-que-la-france-veut-expulser-20250317_XYMWKYLL65C5FB2ZLK6NIZVDOI/?redirected=1&amp;redirected=1&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Alger retoque la liste de ressortissants que la France veut expulser&lt;/a&gt; &#187;, le 17 mars 2025&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		</content:encoded>


		

	</item>
<item xml:lang="en">
		<title>Press review January 2026</title>
		<link>https://migreurop.org/article3537.html</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://migreurop.org/article3537.html</guid>
		<dc:date>2026-01-29T11:38:02Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>en</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Camille</dc:creator>


		<dc:subject>Libya</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Mauritania</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Tunisia</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Spain</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Belgium</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Greece</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Portugal</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Su&#232;de</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Royaume-Uni</dc:subject>

		<description>
&lt;p&gt;Libya L'Orient-le-Jour, &#8220;21 bodies of sub-Saharan migrants discovered in a mass grave&#8221;, 15 January 2026 &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
In Libya, 21 bodies of migrants were discovered in mid-January in a mass grave in Ajdabiya, in the north-east of the country. According to local authorities, the victims were being held in a farm that had been converted into a detention centre for people on the move. Several survivors, found in critical condition, helped locate the mass grave. &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Mass graves are regularly discovered in (&#8230;)&lt;/p&gt;


-
&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/rubrique461.html" rel="directory"&gt;Press review&lt;/a&gt;

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&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot39.html" rel="tag"&gt;Libya&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot23.html" rel="tag"&gt;Mauritania&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot187.html" rel="tag"&gt;Tunisia&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot19.html" rel="tag"&gt;Spain&lt;/a&gt;, 
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&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot202.html" rel="tag"&gt;Royaume-Uni&lt;/a&gt;

		</description>


 <content:encoded>&lt;img src='https://migreurop.org/local/cache-vignettes/L150xH150/13-3-f1df7.png?1769686780' class='spip_logo spip_logo_right' width='150' height='150' alt=&#034;&#034; /&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;div class=&#034;cs_sommaire cs_sommaire_avec_fond&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire&#034;&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;cs_sommaire_inner&#034;&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;cs_sommaire_titre_avec_fond&#034;&gt; Sommaire &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;cs_sommaire_corps&#034;&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Libya&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_0'&gt;Libya&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Mauritania&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_1'&gt;Mauritania&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Rwanda&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_2'&gt;Rwanda&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Tunisia&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_3'&gt;Tunisia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Spain&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_4'&gt;Spain&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Belgium&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_5'&gt;Belgium&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;France&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_6'&gt;France&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Greece&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_7'&gt;Greece&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Portugal&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_8'&gt;Portugal&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sweden&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_9'&gt;Sweden&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;United Kingdom&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_10'&gt;United Kingdom&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Obligations to leave the territory&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire_11'&gt;Obligations to leave the (&#8230;)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_0&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;Libya&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;L'Orient-le-Jour, &#8220;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.lorientlejour.com/article/1491619/21-corps-de-migrants-subsahariens-decouverts-dans-une-fosse-commune.html&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;21 bodies of sub-Saharan migrants discovered in a mass grave&lt;/a&gt;&#8221;, 15 January 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In Libya, 21 bodies of migrants were discovered in mid-January in a mass grave in Ajdabiya, in the north-east of the country. According to local authorities, the victims were being held in a farm that had been converted into a detention centre for people on the move. Several survivors, found in critical condition, helped locate the mass grave.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Mass graves are regularly discovered in Libya&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4-1&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See the February 2025 press review and/or UNSMIL, 'Under-Secretary-General (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh4-1&#034;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;, and violations of the fundamental rights of migrants are constantly being reported&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4-2&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See in particular the investigation: Afrique XXI, &#8220;In Libya, a deadly prison (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh4-2&#034;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. Yet the European Union continues to collaborate with Libya, both in terms of funding&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4-3&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See in particular NDICI &#8211; Neighbourhood, Development and International (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh4-3&#034;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; granted to 'strengthen border control' and 'migration management', and to train and equip the Libyan 'coast guard'&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4-4&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See in this regard: LaLibre, &#8220;Libyan coast guard trained and equipped by the (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh4-4&#034;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. In this way, the European Union is helping to maintain a deadly system for migrants in Libya and is therefore complicit in massive human rights violations in the country&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4-5&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Amnesty International, 'Libya: European governments complicit in human (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh4-5&#034;&gt;5&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_1&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;Mauritania&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;Infomigrants, &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.infomigrants.net/fr/post/69116/les-ressortissants-africains-sont-les-bienvenus-en-mauritanie-affirme-le-premier-ministre-mauritanien-a-dakar&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&#8220;African nationals are welcome in Mauritania, says Mauritanian Prime Minister in&lt;/a&gt; Dakar&#8221;, 9 January 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;During a visit to Dakar on 8 and 9 January, Mauritanian Prime Minister Moctar Ould Diay stated that &#034;all nationals from the African continent and the sub-region [were] welcome in Mauritania&#034;. By offering to accept all nationals from the African continent on its soil, Mauritania is offering a solution to European states which, faced with material and legal impossibilities, are unable to enforce all the obligations to leave the territory that they issue.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;This declaration comes at a time when Nouakchott is constantly being criticised for violating the fundamental rights of people on the move&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4-6&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See in this regard the report by the NGO Human Rights Watch, 'Mauritania: (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh4-6&#034;&gt;6&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. Due to its location on the Atlantic coast and its proximity to the Canary Islands, Mauritania has become a major transit country to Europe. In March 2024, it signed a migration partnership with the European Union worth more than &#8364;200 million to 'prevent departures' and in October 2025, the EU financed and built two 'temporary reception centres for foreigners' there&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4-7&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See the November 2025 press review&#034; id=&#034;nh4-7&#034;&gt;7&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;By delegating the management of its borders, the European Union has contributed to increasing and intensifying the violence committed against migrants&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4-8&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See also El Sato, 'Spanish government opens two migrant prisons in (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh4-8&#034;&gt;8&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;, for whom Mauritania is not a safe country&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4-9&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See in particular the statement by the Mauritanian Human Rights Association.&#034; id=&#034;nh4-9&#034;&gt;9&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;, particularly in view of the refoulements at the Senegalese and Malian borders, the mass arrests in situ, and even the increase in so-called 'voluntary' returns.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_2&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;Rwanda&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;- &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;i&gt;Courrier international, &#8220;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.courrierinternational.com/article/asile-le-rwanda-poursuit-le-royaume-uni-apres-l-annulation-de-leur-accord-migratoire_239890&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Rwanda sues the United Kingdom after cancellation of their migration&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;i&gt; agreement&#8221;, 28 January 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Rwanda has initiated arbitration proceedings before the Permanent Court of Arbitration in The Hague against the United Kingdom to claim &#163;50 million after the country suspended payments under the agreement concluded between the two states in 2022&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4-10&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See in this regard: &#8216;UK/Rwanda agreement: outsourcing asylum to Africa, a (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh4-10&#034;&gt;10&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;, the aim of which was to outsource to Rwanda applications for protection deemed inadmissible by the United Kingdom. In short, the idea was to send people who had arrived on British territory &#8216;irregularly' to Rwanda, so that Rwanda could process their applications for protection. After many legal and political twists and turns, and following Labour's victory in the British general election in July 2024, Keir Starmer effectively renounced the deal, declaring it &#8216;dead and buried'&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4-11&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See in particular, BBC, &#8216;Starmer confirms Rwanda deportation plan &#8220;dead&#8221;', 6 (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh4-11&#034;&gt;11&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;This dispute highlights the commercial logic inherent in outsourcing, which &#8216;allows non-European authoritarian regimes to bail themselves out economically and be rehabilitated diplomatically'&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4-12&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Ibid.&#034; id=&#034;nh4-12&#034;&gt;12&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. It also reveals the limits of this outsourcing, as the agreement was abandoned due to reservations expressed by the British courts&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4-13&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;UK Supreme Court, AAA and others v. Secretary of State for the Home (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh4-13&#034;&gt;13&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;, which ruled that Rwanda was not a &#8216;safe third country' and that there were serious grounds for believing that asylum seekers returned there would be at real risk of being subjected to ill-treatment. Although Rwanda reaffirmed on this occasion its commitment to providing security, dignity and opportunities to migrants, this position continues to contrast with the human rights violations reported in situ&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4-14&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Amnesty International, Rwanda: the human rights situation, 2024 / Human (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh4-14&#034;&gt;14&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_3&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;Tunisia&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;Le Monde, '&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2026/01/06/en-tunisie-des-humanitaires-liberes-mais-une-repression-toujours-aussi-forte_6660759_3212.html&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;In Tunisia, humanitarian workers released but repression remains as strong as ever&lt;/a&gt;', 6 January 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;After 20 months in detention, Sherifa Riahi, former director of Terre d'Asile Tunisia, was finally released on 6 January 2026 following her trial. As a reminder, the former director of Terre d'asileTunisie was prosecuted &#8211; along with other executives of the association and local elected officials &#8211; for 'facilitating the entry, accommodation and settlement of people in irregular situations'.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Although sentenced to two years in prison, the defendants were released, but their sentences were suspended in view of the duration of their 'provisional' detention. However, this suspended sentence is a means of pressure used by the Tunisian authorities on local elected officials and human rights defenders to hinder their actions. Furthermore, the government of President Ka&#239;s Sa&#239;ed continues its repeated attacks on human rights defenders&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4-15&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See in particular Migreurop, &#8220;Suspension of FTDES activities in Tunisia&#8221;, 28 (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh4-15&#034;&gt;15&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_4&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;Spain&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;Reuters, &#8220;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.reuters.com/world/spain-opposes-plan-asylum-centres-outside-eu-2026-01-20/&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Spain opposes plan for asylum centres outside EU&lt;/a&gt;&#8221;, 20 January 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;While the European Union is in the process of ratifying the creation of 'return centres' outside its borders for rejected asylum seekers, Spain is opposed to this. Its Minister of the Interior believes that these centres are a false solution with worrying legal and political implications, particularly in view of the centres in Tirana&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4-16&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See, in particular, Migreurop, 'Italy/Albania Memorandum of Understanding on (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh4-16&#034;&gt;16&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Although Spain is an exception, its position is accompanied by rhetoric about the effectiveness of the Spanish model, which consists of outsourcing and delegating border management to non-EU countries in order to prevent departures to Europe&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4-17&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See, in particular, partnerships with Mauritania, Senegal and Morocco.&#034; id=&#034;nh4-17&#034;&gt;17&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. This strategy is based on subcontracting migration control to countries where violations of the rights of people on the move are widely documented&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4-18&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Recently, Migreurop, &#8220;Manifesto against the repression of migrants during (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh4-18&#034;&gt;18&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;While we can welcome the fact that Spain is distancing itself from 'return hubs', its migration policy remains fully in line with the European externalisation strategy, which is pushing its borders and asylum management ever further away and sacrificing human rights in the name of deterrence.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;- El Diario, &#8216;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.eldiario.es/desalambre/cinco-anos-lucha-regularizacion-intrahistoria-movimiento-liderado-migrantes-consiguio_1_12952539.html&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Five years of fighting for regularisation: the inside story of the migrant-led movement that succeeded&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;i&gt;', 31 January 2025&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;-&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;i&gt; Lib&#233;ration, &lt;/i&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.liberation.fr/international/europe/espagne-la-regularisation-de-500-000-sans-papiers-une-avancee-qui-affole-la-droite-20260127_WNJHORDRKNAF5GLCFX32DLST4Q/?redirected=1&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#8216;Spain: the regularisation of 500,000 undocumented migrants, a step forward that has the right wing in a panic&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;i&gt;', 27 January 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;On 27 January 2026, the Spanish government approved a decree-law aimed at regularising 500,000 people in an &#8216;irregular' administrative situation. The measure concerns foreigners who have been in Spain for at least five months at the end of 2025, have no criminal record, and certain asylum seekers whose applications were filed before 31 December 2025. The examination of applications for residence permits &#8211; valid for one year for adults and five years for minors &#8211; will begin on 1 April and will be carried out through an accelerated procedure lasting no more than three months.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;This extraordinary &#8216;regularisation' operation, born of a popular legislative initiative signed by more than 700,000 people, is the result of years of struggle by migrants themselves, with the support of human rights organisations&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4-19&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See, in this regard, Sos Racismo Madrid, &#8216;&#161;Regularizaci&#243;n Ya! (Manifesto y (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh4-19&#034;&gt;19&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. Spain is thus making a strong political choice, as it has done on several occasions in the past. The country has a programme of continuous regularisation (notably through social or professional roots - &lt;i&gt;arraigo&lt;/i&gt;) and extraordinary operations, when a large group is targeted by temporary policies, as was the case in 2005&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4-20&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See, in particular, Lib&#233;ration, &#8216;L'Espagne va r&#233;gulariser en masse' (Spain (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh4-20&#034;&gt;20&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;, or during the reform of the Foreigners Act (&lt;i&gt;Extranjeria&lt;/i&gt;) in 2025.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;This choice goes largely against the grain of the restrictive policies pursued elsewhere in Europe. Nevertheless, this regularisation, justified by the need to support &#8216;economic growth', follows a logic of migratory utilitarianism by responding to a need for labour and demographic constraints.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_5&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;Belgium&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;Vrt, '&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/fr/2026/01/22/la-ministre-van-bossuyt-veut-encourager-le-retour-des-syriens-en/&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Minister Van Bossuyt wants to encourage Syrians to return by granting them up to &#8364;5,000 in reintegration aid&lt;/a&gt;', 22 January 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The Belgian Minister for Asylum and Migration announced that Belgium would increase financial aid for the 'reintegration' of Syrian nationals 'who agree to return home'. Presented as a 'voluntary' measure, this policy is based on a financial incentive that decreases as the asylum procedure progresses and is accompanied, 'as far as possible', by a ban on returning to the territory.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;This strategy is part of a policy of gradually excluding migrants from the Belgian reception system, whose organised precariousness&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4-21&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;In particular: lack of accommodation for single men, freezing of asylum (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh4-21&#034;&gt;21&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;serves as a lever to compel 'voluntary returns'. Belgium thus joins other European states which, since 2024 with the fall of Bashar al-Assad's regime, have been increasing the number of measures designed to facilitate and compel the return of Syrian nationals to Syria, despite the continuing violence, political instability and the lack of guarantees of security and rights for those who are 'returned'&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4-22&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See, in particular, Euractiv, 'Repatriation of Syrians: German Foreign (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh4-22&#034;&gt;22&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_6&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;France&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;- Les Jours, &#8216;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://lesjours.fr/obsessions/immigration-mineurs/ep15-rapport-cgt-juges-cnda/&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#8220;Africans are savages&#8221;: asylum judges running wild&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;i&gt;', 27 January 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;- Le Monde, &#8216;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.lemonde.fr/societe/article/2026/01/29/a-la-cour-nationale-du-droit-d-asile-des-propos-racistes-sexistes-et-homophobes-epingles_6664587_3224.html&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Racist, sexist and homophobic comments exposed at the National Court of Asylum&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;i&gt;', 29 January 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The media outlet Les Jours has published a report by the CGT trade union detailing racist, sexist and homophobic comments made by judges at the National Court of Asylum (CNDA) towards asylum seekers, either during hearings or afterwards, during deliberations. As a reminder, this court is responsible for examining appeals against decisions made by the French Office for the Protection of Refugees and Stateless Persons (OFPRA), which is itself responsible for investigating asylum applications.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Anonymous testimonies gathered from court officials raise questions about the Court's independence and its ability to guarantee a fair examination of applications for international protection, especially since pressure on the institution and its members has already been denounced&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4-23&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See Mediapart, &#8216;National Court of Asylum: judges denounce &#8220;pressure&#8221;', 3 (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh4-23&#034;&gt;23&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. These revelations also call into question its functioning, which relies heavily on temporary judges (around 500, compared to only 26 professional and permanent magistrates), often retired from administrative, financial or judicial courts, or from academia and senior civil service, particularly prefectural service. Insufficiently trained in the specific issues surrounding asylum, these judges are criticised for allowing &#8216;their personal or political convictions' to show.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;By expressing racist, sexist or homophobic views within the court, a judge effectively compromises their neutrality and impartiality, which is all the more worrying given that the decisions handed down directly threaten the safety and fundamental rights of people on the move.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_7&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;Greece&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;Le Monde, '&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.lemonde.fr/international/article/2026/01/16/poursuivis-par-la-grece-pour-trafic-de-migrants-24-humanitaires-acquittes-a-lesbos_6662533_3210.html&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Prosecuted by Greece for migrant smuggling, 24 humanitarian workers acquitted in Lesbos&lt;/a&gt;', 16 January 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The acquittal of Sara Mardini and 23 other volunteers from the NGO ERCI by the Lesbos court ends seven years of arbitrary prosecution and confirms that 'providing humanitarian aid is an obligation, not a crime'. Accused of migrant smuggling, money laundering and membership of a criminal organisation for conducting search and rescue operations in the Aegean Sea between 2016 and 2018, the volunteers faced up to 20 years in prison.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;This victory in court is indicative of the criminalisation of humanitarian action by the Greek authorities to deter civilian search and rescue actors at sea from intervening where states have withdrawn. Since 2019, state naval patrols have deserted the Mediterranean Sea in favour of aerial surveillance&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4-24&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See, in particular, Amnesty International, 'European Union. Reduction in (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh4-24&#034;&gt;24&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. By allowing these legal proceedings to continue for years, Greece has contributed to hindering the life-saving work of civilian actors at sea and endangering people on the move.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_8&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;Portugal&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;Expresso, &#8220;&lt;a href=&#034;https://expresso.pt/internacional/2026-01-12-portugal-escolhe-pagar-mais-de-8-milhoes-para-nao-acolher-refugiados-de-outros-estados-membros-b52c15cd&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Portugal escolhepagar mais de &#8364;8 milh&#245;es para n&#227;oacolherrefugiados de outrosEstados-membros&lt;/a&gt;&#8221;, 12 January 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;For 2026, Portugal prefers to pay &#8364;8.4 million in financial compensation to the European Union rather than take in 420 asylum seekers under the 'solidarity mechanism' set out in the Migration and Asylum Pact adopted in 2024, in order to 'relocate asylum seekers fairly across the territory of the European Union'&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4-25&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See the November 2025 press review&#034; id=&#034;nh4-25&#034;&gt;25&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. While the objective is to relocate asylum seekers, the Pact institutionalisesa right of refusal in exchange for the payment of a financial contribution of &#8364;20,000 per person not accepted.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Although it has only just come into force, the (flexible) solidarity mechanism is revealing its true aims: to avoid sharing responsibilities and to finance the fortification of borders and detention. With this pact, the European Union is tackling the problem backwards by claiming to resolve a situation for which it is itself responsible, with sea crossings, for example, being a direct consequence of the closure of European borders. This mechanism is in fact a fallacious device, which organises solidarity between Member States in repression and control, not in the reception of migrants.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_9&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;Sweden&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;Infomigrants, '&lt;a href=&#034;https://expresso.pt/internacional/2026-01-12-portugal-escolhe-pagar-mais-de-8-milhoes-para-nao-acolher-refugiados-de-outros-estados-membros-b52c15cd&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Sweden calls for EU-wide action on returning failed Afghan asylum seekers&lt;/a&gt;', 23 January 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;AP News, &lt;a href=&#034;https://apnews.com/article/migration-deportation-sweden-afghanistan-crime-30a5f85c6eb26aab4ec6d9499473b681&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&#8220;Failed Afghan asylum seekers need to go back home, Sweden's migration minister&lt;/a&gt; urges&#8221;, 22 January 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Sweden is calling on the European Union to take a new step in its policy on the return of Afghan nationals. Its Minister for Migration, Johan Forssell, is advocating the establishment of a common European system for issuing identity and travel documents to facilitate the expulsion of asylum seekers whose applications have been rejected.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Already, in October 2025, 20 Member States signed a joint letter calling on the European Commission to take 'coordinated measures to enable voluntary and forced returns to Afghanistan'&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4-26&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Joint letter from the undersigned ministers on voluntary and forced return (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh4-26&#034;&gt;26&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. By calling on the European Union to open 'technical negotiations' with the de facto Taliban authorities to allow deportations, the states are locking themselves into a major contradiction, wishing to negotiate with a regime that they do not officially recognise. This is particularly true given that Afghanistan cannot be considered a 'safe country of origin.' Since the Taliban regained power in 2021, the country has continued to be marked by massive human rights violations&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4-27&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See the UN report, 'No safe haven: Human rights risks faced by persons (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh4-27&#034;&gt;27&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;, making any deportation contrary to the principle of non-refoulement and Article 3 of the European Convention on Human Rights.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_10&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;United Kingdom&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;The Guardian, '&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2026/jan/04/uk-plans-seize-asylum-seekers-phones-condemned-campaigners&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;UK's plans to seize asylum seekers' phones condemned by campaigners&lt;/a&gt;', 4 January 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;BBC, &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cm240jvnen0o&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&#8220;New powers to seize phones from migrants come into force&lt;/a&gt;&#8221;, 5 January 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The Home Office has announced that migrants, mainly those arriving via the English Channel, can now have their phones seized by the police without prior arrest or judicial review. The authorities are also authorised to carry out searches, particularly on minors, including 'oral searches' to look for possible SIM cards.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;This authorisation to seize mobile phones stems from the Border Security, Asylum and Immigration Bill passed by Parliament in December 2025&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4-28&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Border Security, Asylum and Immigration Act 2025&#034; id=&#034;nh4-28&#034;&gt;28&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. However, by introducing anti-terrorism techniques to 'combat smuggling networks', this law once again stigmatisespeople on the move, who, simply by crossing the border, are presumed guilty of posing a threat to security.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Beyond that, these new police powers constitute a broader infringement of the right to privacy and family life. Already in 2022, the High Court of Justice ruled that the confiscation and search of mobile phones by the police was contrary to Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights and data protection laws&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4-29&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;R (HM and MA and KH) v Secretary of State for the Home Department, 25 March 2022&#034; id=&#034;nh4-29&#034;&gt;29&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;. A new ruling along these lines risks reigniting Keir Starmer's obsession with reforming the Convention, as he is already engaged in a political bidding war in response to pressure from the far right&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4-30&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See, in particular, Le Monde, 'Against illegal immigration, the United (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh4-30&#034;&gt;30&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;The Guardian, '&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2026/jan/05/one-in-one-out-asylum-seekers-accuse-uk-degrading-treatment&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Eighty 'one in, one out' asylum seekers accuse UK of degrading treatment&lt;/a&gt;', 5 January 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In the United Kingdom, asylum seekers detained pending their return to France under the 'One in, one out' agreement are denouncing their conditions of detention in the Harmondsworth and Brook House centres. Through reports, testimonies&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4-31&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See, in particular, 'Reports from Harmondsworth and Brook House protesters,' (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh4-31&#034;&gt;31&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;, and peaceful demonstrations in the centres, migrants are appealing to UN bodies, human rights organisations, and the media.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In a collective report sent to UN bodies, the detainees denounce numerous violations of their rights: extreme physical, psychological and emotional abuse. They report a lack of legal assistance, including the inability to access a lawyer, inadequate or non-existent medical care, and widespread degrading practices. Under these conditions, many report episodes of depression, anxiety, forced isolation and attempts at self-harm.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;These allegations, which come at a time when the British government has strengthened its repressive arsenal in December 2025&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4-32&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Ibid. Border Security, Asylum and Immigration Act 2025&#034; id=&#034;nh4-32&#034;&gt;32&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;, highlight the unfairness of the 'One in, One out' agreement, which deprives asylum seekers of their right to an individual assessment, and testify to the injustice and despair that detention camps generate among those trapped there.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;They also reveal the erosion of the right to asylum and the treatment of asylum seekers in the United Kingdom and beyond in Europe.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034; id=&#034;outil_sommaire_11&#034;&gt;&lt;a title=&#034;Sommaire&#034; href='https://migreurop.org/spip.php?id_mot=27&amp;page=backend#outil_sommaire' class=&#034;sommaire_ancre&#034;&gt; &lt;/a&gt;Obligations to leave the territory&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;Infomigrants, '&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.infomigrants.net/fr/post/69358/au-dernier-trimestre-2025-lue-a-delivre-115-440-obligations-de-quitter-le-territoire-europeen&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;In the last quarter of 2025, the EU issued 115,440 obligations to leave European territory&lt;/a&gt;', 22 January 2026&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In the last quarter of 2025, according to figures from the European Commission&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4-33&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Eurostat, 'Returns of irregular migrants - quarterly statistics,' updated 10 (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh4-33&#034;&gt;33&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;, 115,440 people received an obligation to leave the European Union. France remains the country that issues the most, ahead of Germany and Greece. However, only a minority of these decisions are actually followed by departure. In 2025, 34,000 people left the European Union, some of them through 'voluntary return' schemes.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;A large proportion of these orders are not enforced, not because of a lack of political will, but because they are materially or legally impossible (lack of consular laissez-passer, proven risks in the country of origin). Certain nationalities, such as Algerian nationals, are particularly targeted by these obligations to leave the territory, even though expulsions remain virtually impossible due to Algeria's refusal to issue consular laissez-passer&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb4-34&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;See, in particular, Lib&#233;ration, 'Algiers revises list of nationals France (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh4-34&#034;&gt;34&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Without the possibility of enforcement, these obligations to leave the territory organise the precariousness of people on the move, keeping thousands of people in a legal limbo, without rights or access to regularisation, while preventing them from working. Obligations to leave the territory thus serve as a tool to sideline migrants, while displaying a supposedly 'controlled' migration policy, which allows states to communicate about their 'performance' in terms of forced returns in a Europeincreasingly mired in overt hostility towards migrants.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class='spip_document_5872 spip_document spip_documents spip_document_file spip_documents_center spip_document_center spip_document_avec_legende' data-legende-len=&#034;32&#034; data-legende-lenx=&#034;x&#034;
&gt;
&lt;figure class=&#034;spip_doc_inner&#034;&gt;
&lt;a href='https://migreurop.org/IMG/pdf/press_review_2026_-_en.pdf' class=&#034; spip_doc_lien&#034; title='PDF - 405 KiB' type=&#034;application/pdf&#034;&gt;&lt;img src='https://migreurop.org/local/cache-vignettes/L500xH500/13-2-d34c9.png?1769686705' width='500' height='500' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;figcaption class='spip_doc_legende'&gt; &lt;div class='spip_doc_titre '&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Press review January 2026 - EN
&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/figcaption&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;hr /&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_notes'&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4-1&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4-1&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 4-1&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;See the &lt;a href=&#034;https://migreurop.org/article3389.html?lang_article=fr#outil_sommaire_1&#034;&gt;February 2025 press review&lt;/a&gt; and/or UNSMIL, '&lt;a href=&#034;https://unsmil.unmissions.org/en/under-secretary-general-political-and-peacebuilding-affairs-rosemary-dicarlo%E2%80%99s-remarks&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Under-Secretary-General for Political and Peacebuilding Affairs Rosemary DiCarlo's remarks to the Security Council on the situation in Libya&lt;/a&gt;,' 19 February 2025&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4-2&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4-2&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 4-2&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;See in particular the investigation: Afrique XXI, &lt;a href=&#034;https://afriquexxi.info/En-Libye-un-systeme-carceral-meurtrier-a-l-ombre-de-l-Europe&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&#8220;In Libya, a deadly prison system in the shadow of&lt;/a&gt; Europe&#8221;, 19 December 2025&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4-3&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4-3&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 4-3&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;See in particular &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.welcomeurope.com/the-list-of-our-programs/instrument-de-voisinage-de-cooperation-au-developpement-et-de-cooperation-internationale/&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;NDICI &#8211; Neighbourhood, Development and International Cooperation Instrument&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4-4&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4-4&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 4-4&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;See in this regard: LaLibre, &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.lalibre.be/international/europe/2025/08/26/des-garde-cotes-libyens-formes-et-equipes-par-lunion-europeenne-tirent-sur-le-navire-dune-ong-qui-secourt-des-migrants-DZILOZJNK5DJRJI34FDGSSXF4A/&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&#8220;Libyan coast guard trained and equipped by the European Union fires on NGO ship rescuing migrants&lt;/a&gt;,&#8221; 26 August 2025&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4-5&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4-5&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 4-5&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;5&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Amnesty International, '&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.amnesty.org/fr/latest/press-release/2017/12/libya-european-governments-complicit-in-horrific-abuse-of-refugees-and-migrants/&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Libya: European governments complicit in human rights violations against refugees and migrants&lt;/a&gt;,' 12 December 2017&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4-6&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4-6&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 4-6&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;6&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;See in this regard the report by the NGO Human Rights Watch, '&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.hrw.org/fr/news/2025/08/27/mauritanie-des-annees-dabus-lies-aux-controles-des-migrations&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Mauritania: Years of Abuse Linked to Migration Controls&lt;/a&gt;,' 27 August 2025&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4-7&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4-7&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 4-7&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;7&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;See the &lt;a href=&#034;https://migreurop.org/article3497.html?lang_article=fr&#034;&gt;November 2025 press review&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4-8&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4-8&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 4-8&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;8&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;See also El Sato, '&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.elsaltodiario.com/fronteras/gobierno-espana-abre-dos-carceles-migrantes-mauritania&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Spanish government opens two migrant prisons in Mauritania&lt;/a&gt;,' 5 November 2025.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4-9&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4-9&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 4-9&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;9&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;See in particular &lt;a href=&#034;https://migreurop.org/article3380.html?lang_article=fr&#034;&gt;the statement by the Mauritanian Human Rights Association&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4-10&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4-10&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 4-10&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;10&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;See in this regard: &#8216;&lt;a href=&#034;https://migreurop.org/IMG/pdf/cp_migreurop_rwanda_jun_22_-_fr.pdf&#034;&gt;UK/Rwanda agreement: outsourcing asylum to Africa, a weapon of mass deterrence in Europe&lt;/a&gt;', 20 June 2022&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4-11&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4-11&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 4-11&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;11&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;See in particular, BBC, &#8216;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cz9dn8erg3zo&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Starmer confirms Rwanda deportation plan &#8220;dead&#8221;&lt;/a&gt;', 6 July 2024&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4-12&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4-12&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 4-12&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;12&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Ibid.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4-13&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4-13&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 4-13&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;13&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;UK Supreme Court, &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.supremecourt.uk/cases/uksc-2023-0093%23judgment-details&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;AAA and others v. Secretary of State for the Home Department&lt;/a&gt;, 15 November 2023, UKSC 42&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4-14&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4-14&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 4-14&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;14&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Amnesty International, &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.amnesty.org/fr/location/africa/east-africa-the-horn-and-great-lakes/rwanda/report-rwanda/&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Rwanda: the human rights&lt;/a&gt; situation, 2024 / Human Rights Watch, &#8216;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.hrw.org/fr/world-report/2025/country-chapters/rwanda&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Rwanda, events of 2024&lt;/a&gt;', 2025&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4-15&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4-15&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 4-15&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;15&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;See in particular Migreurop, &lt;a href=&#034;https://migreurop.org/article3473.html&#034;&gt;&#8220;Suspension of FTDES activities in&lt;/a&gt; Tunisia&#8221;, 28 October 2025 and/or &lt;br class='manualbr' /&gt;Amnesty International, &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.amnesty.org/fr/latest/news/2025/11/tunisia-escalating-crackdown-on-human-rights-organizations-reaches-critical-levels/&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&#8220;Tunisia: Crackdown on human rights organisations reaches critical&lt;/a&gt; levels&#8221;, 14 November 2025&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4-16&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4-16&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 4-16&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;16&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;See, in particular, Migreurop, '&lt;a href=&#034;https://migreurop.org/article3230.html&#034;&gt;Italy/Albania Memorandum of Understanding on Migration: Cross-Border Cooperation Contrary to International Law&lt;/a&gt;,' 13 February 2024&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4-17&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4-17&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 4-17&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;17&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;See, in particular, partnerships with &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2024/08/28/la-mauritanie-et-l-espagne-s-engagent-a-gerer-ensemble-les-flux-migratoires_6297626_3212.html&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Mauritania&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.mites.gob.es/es/mundo/consejerias/senegal/novedades/archivos/memorandos-fr.htm#:~:text=Senegal,-La Consejer%C3%ADa&amp;text=L'Espagne a sign%C3%A9 deux,migratoires s%C3%BBrs%2C ordonn%C3%A9s et r%C3%A9guliers.&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Senegal&lt;/a&gt; and Morocco.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4-18&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4-18&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 4-18&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;18&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Recently, Migreurop, &lt;a href=&#034;https://migreurop.org/article3505.html?lang_article=fr&#034;&gt;&#8220;Manifesto against the repression of migrants during the Africa Cup of Nations in Morocco&lt;/a&gt;,&#8221; 18 December 2025&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4-19&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4-19&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 4-19&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;19&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;See, in this regard, Sos Racismo Madrid, &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.sosracismomadrid.es/regularizacion-ya-galeria/&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&#8216;&#161;Regularizaci&#243;n Ya! (Manifesto y galer&#237;a 1ra parte)&lt;/a&gt;'&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4-20&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4-20&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 4-20&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;20&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;See, in particular, Lib&#233;ration, &#8216;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.liberation.fr/evenement/2005/01/17/l-espagne-va-regulariser-en-masse_506298/?redirected=1&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;L'Espagne va r&#233;gulariser en masse&lt;/a&gt;' (Spain to regularise en masse), 17 January 2005.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4-21&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4-21&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 4-21&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;21&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;In particular: &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.fedasil.be/fr/actualites/accueil-des-demandeurs-dasile/pas-daccueil-pour-les-hommes-isoles#:~:text=Depuis la fin de l,en fonction des places disponibles.&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;lack of accommodation for single men&lt;/a&gt;, freezing of asylum procedures, &lt;a href=&#034;https://fr.euronews.com/my-europe/2025/07/22/le-regroupement-familial-remis-en-cause-aussi-en-belgique&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;restrictions on family reunification&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4-22&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4-22&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 4-22&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;22&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;See, in particular, Euractiv, '&lt;a href=&#034;https://euractiv.fr/news/rapatriement-de-syriens-le-ministre-allemand-des-affaires-etrangeres-declenche-une-polemique-au-sein-de-son-parti-conservateur/&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Repatriation of Syrians: German Foreign Minister sparks controversy within his conservative party&lt;/a&gt;,' 6 November 2025&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4-23&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4-23&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 4-23&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;23&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;See Mediapart, &#8216;&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.mediapart.fr/journal/france/030921/cour-nationale-du-droit-d-asile-des-juges-denoncent-des-pressions&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;National Court of Asylum: judges denounce &#8220;pressure&#8221;&lt;/a&gt;', 3 September 2021.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4-24&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4-24&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 4-24&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;24&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;See, in particular, Amnesty International, '&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.amnesty.org/fr/latest/press-release/2019/03/eu-diminished-operation-sophia-abandons-refugees-and-migrants-to-reckless-libyan-coast-guard/&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;European Union. Reduction in 'Operation Sophia' activities leaves refugees and migrants at the mercy of ruthless Libyan coastguard&lt;/a&gt;,' 27 March 2019&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4-25&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4-25&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 4-25&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;25&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;See the &lt;a href=&#034;https://migreurop.org/article3497.html?lang_article=fr#outil_sommaire_7&#034;&gt;November 2025 press review&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4-26&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4-26&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 4-26&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;26&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://emnbelgium.be/sites/default/files/attachments/2025.10.16%20-%20letter%20return%20AFGHANISTAN-1.pdf&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Joint letter from the undersigned ministers on voluntary and forced return to Afghanistan&lt;/a&gt;, 16 October 2025&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4-27&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4-27&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 4-27&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;27&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;See the UN report, '&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/countries/afghanistan/unama-human-rights-risks-and-returns-en.pdf&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;No safe haven: Human rights risks faced by persons involuntarily returned to Afghanistan&lt;/a&gt;,' July 2025.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4-28&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4-28&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 4-28&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;28&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://bills.parliament.uk/bills/3929&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Border Security, Asylum and Immigration Act 2025&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4-29&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4-29&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 4-29&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;29&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;R (HM and MA and KH) v Secretary of State for the Home Department, 25 March 2022&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4-30&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4-30&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 4-30&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;30&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;See, in particular, Le Monde, '&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.lemonde.fr/international/article/2025/12/10/contre-l-immigration-illegale-le-royaume-uni-et-le-danemark-appellent-a-reformer-la-convention-europeenne-des-droits-de-l-homme_6656678_3210.html&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Against illegal immigration, the United Kingdom and Denmark call for reform of the European Convention on Human Rights&lt;/a&gt;', 10 December 2025&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4-31&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4-31&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 4-31&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;31&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;See, in particular, '&lt;a href=&#034;https://detainedvoices.com/2026/01/16/reports-from-harmondsworth-and-brook-house-protesters/&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Reports from Harmondsworth and Brook House protesters&lt;/a&gt;,' 14-15 January 2026&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4-32&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4-32&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 4-32&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;32&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Ibid. &lt;a href=&#034;https://bills.parliament.uk/bills/3929&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Border Security, Asylum and Immigration Act 2025&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4-33&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4-33&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 4-33&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;33&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Eurostat, '&lt;a href=&#034;https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Returns_of_irregular_migrants_-_quarterly_statistics#Highlights&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Returns of irregular migrants - quarterly statistics&lt;/a&gt;,' updated 10 December 2025&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&#034;nb4-34&#034;&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmla&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt;[&lt;a href=&#034;#nh4-34&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; title=&#034;Footnotes 4-34&#034; rev=&#034;appendix&#034;&gt;34&lt;/a&gt;] &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csfoo htmlb&#034;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;See, in particular, Lib&#233;ration, '&lt;a href=&#034;https://www.liberation.fr/societe/alger-retoque-la-liste-de-ressortissants-que-la-france-veut-expulser-20250317_XYMWKYLL65C5FB2ZLK6NIZVDOI/?redirected=1&amp;redirected=1&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Algiers revises list of nationals France wants to expel&lt;/a&gt;,' 17 March 2025&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		</content:encoded>


		

	</item>
<item xml:lang="es">
		<title>visita ao CIT no Aeroporto de Lisboa - prensa</title>
		<link>https://migreurop.org/article1394.html</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://migreurop.org/article1394.html</guid>
		<dc:date>2009-02-11T08:07:40Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>es</dc:language>
		


		<dc:subject>Portugal</dc:subject>

		<description>&lt;p&gt;Um kit de higiene pessoal, uma toalha de banho, len&#231;&#243;is descart&#225;veis e um cart&#227;o telef&#243;nico para contactar familiares ou a representa&#231;&#227;o consular foram entregues a Arlene poucas horas depois de ter aterrado em Lisboa e ter sido impedida de entrar em Portugal&lt;/p&gt;

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&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot27.html" rel="tag"&gt;Portugal&lt;/a&gt;

		</description>


 <content:encoded>&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;p&gt;Arlene S.B, 37 anos, natural do Brasil, foi a &#250;nica pessoa que a ag&#234;ncia Lusa encontrou 'acomodada' na ala feminina do Centro de Instala&#231;&#227;o Tempor&#225;ria do Aeroporto de Lisboa (CIT), que acolhe pessoas que foram impedidas de entrar em territ&#243;rio nacional ou no Espa&#231;o Schengen, bem como requerentes de asilo que procuram protec&#231;&#227;o em Portugal.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&#034;N&#227;o sei de nada, n&#227;o sei quando vou embora para o Brasil, se vou ficar, quanto tempo, nada&#034;, exclamou a mulher, que apesar de viver e trabalhar na Ilha Terceira, A&#231;ores, desde 2007, viu hoje negada a sua entrada em Portugal por falta de visto adequado, aguardando agora o repatriamento para a sua terra natal.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Uma situa&#231;&#227;o de recusa pela qual, segundo dados do Servi&#231;o de Estrangeiros e Fronteiras (SEF), passaram em 2008 milhares de pessoas: &#034;Controlamos cerca de seis milh&#245;es de passageiros, dos quais 3.900 foram impedidos de entrar&#034;, explicou &#224; Lusa o respons&#225;vel do SEF no Aeroporto de Lisboa, Lu&#237;s Queijas.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;O respons&#225;vel explicou que &#034;cerca de 85 por cento&#034; permanecem nas instala&#231;&#245;es do CIT entre um a tr&#234;s dias: &#034;H&#225; outras situa&#231;&#245;es em que esse tempo pode ser alargado at&#233; cinco&#034;. O tempo m&#225;ximo previsto na lei &#233; de 60 dias.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&#034;A maioria das pessoas n&#227;o traz consigo os vistos adequados &#224; finalidade que dizem que pretendem fazer em territ&#243;rio nacional. Outras situa&#231;&#245;es prendem-se com a falta de meios de subsist&#234;ncia ou com documentos falsificados&#034;, adiantou.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;No caso de Arlene, a recusa de entrada deveu-se ao facto de ter sa&#237;do de Portugal em Dezembro para &#034;visitar as filhas no Brasil&#034;, enquanto aguardava parecer sobre o pedido de legaliza&#231;&#227;o, que acabou por ser deferido em Janeiro.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;O director nacional do SEF, Jarmela Palos, que acompanhou a visita de associa&#231;&#245;es de imigrantes, deputados da Assembleia da Rep&#250;blica e do Parlamento Europeu ao CIT, explicou que Arlene, ao sair do pa&#237;s, enquanto &#034;o seu pedido de legaliza&#231;&#227;o ainda estava em tr&#226;mite, saiu da protec&#231;&#227;o que a pr&#243;pria lei de imigra&#231;&#227;o lhe concedeu&#034;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;O presidente da Associa&#231;&#227;o Solidariedade Imigrante, Tim&#243;teo Macedo, explicou que a visita aconteceu no &#226;mbito de uma campanha internacional pela observ&#226;ncia dos direitos humanos nos centros de deten&#231;&#227;o de estrangeiros na Europa, lan&#231;ada pela rede Migreurop em v&#225;rios pa&#237;ses europeus.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;O objectivo, precisou, foi &#034;trazer &#224; luz do dia aquilo que verdadeiramente se passa nos centros de instala&#231;&#227;o tempor&#225;ria e de deten&#231;&#227;o na Europa&#034;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;No fim da visita, Tiago Miguel, do grupo parlamentar do PCP, considerou haver &#034;muitos aspectos a melhorar&#034;, quer nas instala&#231;&#245;es do CIT, algo rudimentares, quer no primeiro acolhimento das pessoas: &#034;T&#234;m que ter um acolhimento claro, seja jur&#237;dico ou psicol&#243;gico. N&#227;o podem ser confrontadas com a indefini&#231;&#227;o de n&#227;o saberem quantos dias v&#227;o l&#225; ficar&#034;, disse &#224; Lusa.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Por sua vez, Helena Pinto, deputada do BE, lembrou que a Lei de Imigra&#231;&#227;o &#034;contempla o direito de assist&#234;ncia jur&#237;dica gratuita &#224;s pessoa que chegam as fronteiras do pa&#237;s&#034; e a quem n&#227;o lhes e permitida a entrada: &#034;Passado todo este tempo, o gabinete para a assist&#234;ncia jur&#237;dica ainda n&#227;o foi implementado&#034;, criticou.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Segundo a deputada, durante a visita ao CIT houve abertura por parte do SEF para que isto acontecesse: &#034;Agora resta faz&#234;-lo&#034;, frisou, adiantando que o Minist&#233;rio da Justi&#231;a e Administra&#231;&#227;o Interna j&#225; foram confrontados com esta situa&#231;&#227;o.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;O director do SEF, sublinhou que &#034;todas as recusas de entrada&#034; decorrem na &#034;maior transpar&#234;ncia&#034; e s&#227;o todas comunicadas as respectivas embaixadas, que t&#234;m a responsabilidade de fornecer assist&#234;ncia jur&#237;dica aos cidad&#227;os.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&#034;Os procedimento que utilizamos aqui e as garantias que damos n&#227;o nos envergonhariam em qualquer fronteira do Mundo, muito pelo contr&#225;rio&#034;, frisou Jarmela Palos.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;SK.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Lusa/Fim&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		
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<item xml:lang="es">
		<title>Visita Centro de Instala&#231;&#227;o Tempor&#225;ria do Aeroporto da Portela (Lisboa)</title>
		<link>https://migreurop.org/article1381.html</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://migreurop.org/article1381.html</guid>
		<dc:date>2009-01-31T18:17:00Z</dc:date>
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		<dc:language>es</dc:language>
		


		<dc:subject>Portugal</dc:subject>

		<description>&lt;p&gt;O Centro de Instala&#231;&#227;o Tempor&#225;ria foi ontem aberto a deputados portugueses - Celeste Correia (PS), Helena Pinto (BE), Miguel Tiago e Pedro Guerreiro (PCP) (a direita foi convidada, mas n&#227;o compareceu). A iniciativa foi solicitada pela organiza&#231;&#227;o Solidariedade Imigrante e teve lugar em v&#225;rios pa&#237;ses da Uni&#227;o Europeia em simult&#226;neo, no quadro da campanha lan&#231;ada pela rede Migreurop pelo &#034;direito de observa&#231;&#227;o dos locais de deten&#231;&#227;o de estrangeiros&#034;.&lt;/p&gt;

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 <content:encoded>&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;p&gt;A cidad&#227; brasileira Arlene Sousa Barros era ontem a &#250;nica ocupante do Centro de Instala&#231;&#227;o Tempor&#225;ria do Aeroporto da Portela, Lisboa, que acolhe pessoas que, por variadas raz&#245;es, n&#227;o podem entrar em Portugal.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Tinha chegado &#224;s 7h, vinda de Bras&#237;lia, mas foi-lhe negada a entrada por n&#227;o ter visto de trabalho legal. Na cama inferior de um beliche, Arlene esperava o regresso ao Brasil no pr&#243;ximo voo dispon&#237;vel.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Quase quatro mil pessoas em situa&#231;&#227;o semelhante passaram, em 2008, pela Portela.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;As instala&#231;&#245;es s&#227;o frugais: duas alas, duas camaratas em cada uma, mulheres e homens separados, chuveiros ex&#237;guos. N&#227;o h&#225; janelas; em vez de luz natural h&#225; quadrados fosforescentes no tecto. Um sof&#225;, mesas e cadeiras de madeira e uma televis&#227;o fazem a sala de conv&#237;vio, em cuja porta de metal algu&#233;m conseguiu deixar gravada a frase Un lion ne meurt jamais (&#034;Um le&#227;o nunca morre&#034;). H&#225; uma mesa com bancos de pedra no &#225;trio interior. &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Os folhetos explicativos est&#227;o em portugu&#234;s, ingl&#234;s e franc&#234;s.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;O Centro de Instala&#231;&#227;o Tempor&#225;ria foi ontem aberto a deputados portugueses - Celeste Correia (PS), Helena Pinto (BE), Miguel Tiago e Pedro Guerreiro (PCP) (a direita foi convidada, mas n&#227;o compareceu). A iniciativa foi solicitada pela organiza&#231;&#227;o Solidariedade Imigrante e teve lugar em v&#225;rios pa&#237;ses da Uni&#227;o Europeia em simult&#226;neo, no quadro da campanha lan&#231;ada pela rede Migreurop pelo &#034;direito de observa&#231;&#227;o dos locais de deten&#231;&#227;o de estrangeiros&#034;.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;O respons&#225;vel pelo Centro de Instala&#231;&#227;o Tempor&#225;ria, Lu&#237;s Quelhas, admitiu, em conversa com Helena Pinto, que, se vivesse nas mesmas condi&#231;&#245;es que algumas das pessoas que ali chegam, provavelmente arriscaria a mesma aventura. &#034;Todos n&#243;s o far&#237;amos. Ali&#225;s, como j&#225; o fizemos&#034;, concordou a deputada, lembrando os portugueses dos anos 60 e 70 que n&#227;o emigraram legalmente para Fran&#231;a.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;O director do Servi&#231;o de Estrangeiros e Fronteiras (SEF), Jarmela Palos, foi o cicerone da visita e informou que no centro de Lisboa as pessoas permanecem em m&#233;dia &#034;apenas um a dois dias&#034;. Por Lisboa passam&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
80 por cento dos imigrantes em situa&#231;&#227;o irregular que tentam entrar&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
em Portugal pela via a&#233;rea. E, portanto, n&#227;o faz sentido que a unidade habitacional esteja localizada no Porto, reconheceu Jarmela Palos, adiantando que a transi&#231;&#227;o para a capital deve ser feita at&#233; final do ano.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;A unidade do Porto, a funcionar desde Maio de 2006 e com capacidade para 30 adultos e seis crian&#231;as, dever&#225; fechar -&#034;um centro &#233; suficiente&#034;, garante o director do SEF. Inicialmente, a de Lisboa deve manter a mesma capacidade, mas ter&#225; &#034;possibilidade de aumentar&#034;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Jarmela Palos recordou que &#034;no passado [os imigrantes ilegais] iam para as pris&#245;es como se tivessem cometido crimes&#034;; foi mesmo assim questionado pelos deputados sobre fragilidades no apoio jur&#237;dico (os gabinetes institu&#237;dos na Lei de Imigra&#231;&#227;o, aprovada em Julho de 2008, ainda n&#227;o est&#227;o a funcionar).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3892&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Cidad&#227;os a quem foi recusada a entrada em Portugal&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;79&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Pedidos de asilo (mais de metade aceites)&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;796&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Pessoas que passaram pela Unidade Habitacional de Santo Ant&#243;nio, no Porto, a&#237; permanecendo um tempo m&#233;dio de 20 dias&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		
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	</item>
<item xml:lang="fr">
		<title>Visite du CIT de l'a&#233;roport de la Portela (Lisbonne)</title>
		<link>https://migreurop.org/article1385.html</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://migreurop.org/article1385.html</guid>
		<dc:date>2009-01-31T11:55:00Z</dc:date>
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		<dc:language>fr</dc:language>
		


		<dc:subject>Portugal</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Enfermement</dc:subject>

		<description>&lt;p&gt;Un centre d'accueil pour des dur&#233;es de s&#233;jour plus longues va &#234;tre ouvert &#224; Lisbonne en 2009, celui de Porto va fermer.&lt;/p&gt;

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		</description>


 <content:encoded>&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;p&gt;Un centre d'accueil pour des dur&#233;es de s&#233;jour plus longues va &#234;tre ouvert &#224; Lisbonne cette ann&#233;e, celui de Porto va fermer.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;La Br&#233;silienne Arlene Sousa Barros &#233;tait hier la seule occupante du centre de s&#233;jour temporaire (CIT) de l'a&#233;roport de la Portela, &#224; Lisbonne, qui accueille des personnes qui, pour diverses raisons, ne sont pas admises &#224; entrer au Portugal. Elle &#233;tait arriv&#233;e &#224; 7h en provenance de Brasilia mais s'est vu refuser l'entr&#233;e parce qu'elle n'avait pas de visa de travail en r&#232;gle. Assise sur son lit, Arlene attendait de rentrer au Br&#233;sil par le prochain vol. Pr&#232;s de quatre mille personnes dans la m&#234;me situation sont pass&#233;es, en 2008, par la Portela.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Les installations sont pr&#233;caires : deux ailes de b&#226;timent, deux chambres dans chacune, hommes et femmes s&#233;par&#233;s, des salles de douche exig&#252;es. Pas de fen&#234;tre, des carr&#233;s luminescents au plafond remplacent la lumi&#232;re du jour. Un canap&#233;, des tables et des chaises en bois, et un poste de t&#233;l&#233;vision meublent la salle commune. Sur la porte de m&#233;tal qui la ferme, quelqu'un a r&#233;ussi &#224; graver une phrase en fran&#231;ais : &#034;Un lion ne meurt jamais&#034;. Le r&#232;glement est affich&#233; en portugais, anglais et fran&#231;ais.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Le CIT recevait hier la visite de d&#233;put&#233;s portugais - Celeste Correia (PS), Helena Pinto (BE), Miguel Tiago et Pedro Guerreiro (PCP) (la droite, invit&#233;e, n'est pas venue). L'initiative &#233;manait de l'organisation Solidariedade migrante et a eu lieu en m&#234;me temps dans plusieurs pays de l'Union europ&#233;enne, dans le cadre de la campagne lanc&#233;e par le r&#233;seau Migreurop pour &#034;le droit de regard dans les lieux d'enfermement d'&#233;trangers&#034;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Le responsable du CIT, Luis Quelhas, a admis dans une conversation avec Helena Pinto que, s'il vivait dans les m&#234;mes conditions que certaines des personnes qui arrivent ici, il aurait probablement tent&#233; la m&#234;me aventure. &#034;Nous le ferions tous. D'ailleurs, nous l'avons fait&#034; a ajout&#233; la d&#233;put&#233;e, &#233;voquant les Portugais des ann&#233;es 60 et 70 qui ont &#233;migr&#233; ill&#233;galement en France.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Selon le directeur du Service des &#233;trangers et des fronti&#232;res, Jarmela Palos, qui conduisait la visite, les personnes ne restent en moyenne qu'un ou deux jours au centre de Lisbonne. C'est ici que transitent 80% des &#233;trangers qui tentent d'enter ill&#233;galement au Portugal par voie a&#233;rienne. Il n'est par cons&#233;quent pas logique que le seul centre d'h&#233;bergement soit &#224; Porto, a reconnu Jarmela Palos, ajoutant que le transfert du centre vers la capitale sera effectu&#233; d'ici la fin de l'ann&#233;e.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Le centre de Porto, qui fonctionne depuis mai 2006 et peut accueillir 30 adultes et 6 enfants, devrait fermer - &#034;un seul centre suffit&#034;, garantit le directeur du service des &#233;trangers et des fronti&#232;res. Dans un premier temps, celui de Lisbonne aura la m&#234;me capacit&#233; mais il y aura des possibilit&#233;s d'extension.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Jarmela Palos a rappel&#233; que &#034;dans le pass&#233; les immigrants irr&#233;guliers allaient en prison, comme s'ils &#233;taient des criminels&#034;. Les d&#233;put&#233;s l'ont interrog&#233; sur les d&#233;faillances du syst&#232;me d'assistance juridique (car la loi qui pr&#233;voit que tous les &#233;trangers se voient proposer cette assistance en temps utile, approuv&#233;e en juillet 2008, n'est toujours pas appliqu&#233;e).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3 892 &#233;trangers se sont vu refuser l'entr&#233;e au Portugal&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;79 demandes d'asile ont &#233;t&#233; d&#233;pos&#233;es (plus de la moiti&#233; a &#233;t&#233; accept&#233;e)&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;796 personnes sont pass&#233;es par le centre d'h&#233;bergement de Santo Ant&#243;nio, &#224; Porto, pour une dur&#233;e de s&#233;jour de 20 jours en moyenne&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		
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<item xml:lang="es">
		<title>N&#227;o ao manto de sil&#234;ncio sobre os espa&#231;os de deten&#231;&#227;o para estrangeiros</title>
		<link>https://migreurop.org/article1377.html</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://migreurop.org/article1377.html</guid>
		<dc:date>2009-01-26T17:40:00Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>es</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>SOLIM</dc:creator>


		<dc:subject>Portugal</dc:subject>

		<description>&lt;p&gt;A prop&#243;sito de uma campanha internacional pela observ&#226;ncia dos Direitos Humanos, a Solidariedade Imigrante promover&#225;, amanh&#227;, dia 30 de Janeiro, a realiza&#231;&#227;o de uma visita ao C.I.T. do Aeroporto de Lisboa. A visita contar&#225; com a participa&#231;&#227;o de Deputados.&lt;/p&gt;

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&lt;a href="https://migreurop.org/mot27.html" rel="tag"&gt;Portugal&lt;/a&gt;

		</description>


 <content:encoded>&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A prop&#243;sito de uma campanha internacional pela observ&#226;ncia dos Direitos Humanos, a Solidariedade Imigrante promover&#225;, amanh&#227;, dia 30 de Janeiro, a realiza&#231;&#227;o de uma visita ao C.I.T. do Aeroporto de Lisboa. A visita contar&#225; com a participa&#231;&#227;o de Deputados.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;No contexto da campanha lan&#231;ada pela rede Migreurop pelo Direito de observa&#231;&#227;o dos locais de deten&#231;&#227;o de estrangeiros, parlamentares, nacionais e europeus, e activistas associativos efectuar&#227;o visitas em centros situados na It&#225;lia, na Espanha, em Portugal, na B&#233;lgica e na Fran&#231;a, entre 30 de Janeiro e 7 de Fevereiro de 2009. Na Maurit&#226;nia, onde funciona um centro de deten&#231;&#227;o financiado pela Uni&#227;o Europeia, ser&#225; organizada uma jornada de sensibiliza&#231;&#227;o. &lt;strong&gt;Em Portugal, ser&#225; promovida uma visita ao Centro de Instala&#231;&#227;o Tempor&#225;ria do Aeroporto de Lisboa, visita esta que contar&#225; com a participa&#231;&#227;o de Deputados da Assembleia da Rep&#250;blica e do Parlamento Europeu e realizar-se-&#225; amanh&#227;, entre as 14h00 e as 16h00.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;A coberto da directiva adoptada pela Uni&#227;o Europeia, a directiva de retorno - que oficializa a generaliza&#231;&#227;o da deten&#231;&#227;o de estrangeiros - as autoridades italianas decidiram prolongar at&#233; aos 18 meses a dura&#231;&#227;o m&#225;xima do per&#237;odo de deten&#231;&#227;o dos estrangeiros a aguardar expuls&#227;o. A meados de Janeiro, o ministro italiano do interior anunciou que vai transformar a ilha de &lt;i&gt;Lampedusa&lt;/i&gt; num imenso centro de deten&#231;&#227;o onde ser&#227;o mantidos os/as migrantes que chegaram &#224;s costas do Sul de It&#225;lia, antes de serem expulsos massivamente atrav&#233;s de procedimentos expeditos. Em &lt;i&gt;Fran&#231;a&lt;/i&gt;, onde existe uma forte amea&#231;a de restri&#231;&#227;o das condi&#231;&#245;es de acesso das associa&#231;&#245;es aos centros de deten&#231;&#227;o, verifica-se uma redu&#231;&#227;o de facto dos direitos dos/as migrantes e multiplicam-se as tens&#245;es, os inc&#234;ndios, as tentativas de suic&#237;dio.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Em nome da luta contra a imigra&#231;&#227;o irregular, e com o falso pretexto de responder &#224;s exig&#234;ncias da opini&#227;o p&#250;blica, a deten&#231;&#227;o de migrantes na Europa est&#225; a sistematizar-se, no quadro de uma extraordin&#225;ria avan&#231;o da harmoniza&#231;&#227;o europeia no dom&#237;nio da deten&#231;&#227;o dos/as migrantes. Neste contexto, um relat&#243;rio do Parlamento Europeu [ &lt;a href=&#034;http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-//EP//TEXT+TA+P6-TA-2009-0019+0+DOC+XML+V0//PT-&gt;http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-//EP//TEXT+TA+P6-TA-2009-0019+0+DOC+XML+V0//PT-&gt;http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-//EP//TEXT+TA+P6-TA-2009-0019+0+DOC+XML+V0//PT&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-//EP//TEXT+TA+P6-TA-2009-0019+0+DOC+XML+V0//PT&lt;/a&gt; ] indica inquieta&#231;&#227;o quanto &#224; multiplica&#231;&#227;o dos centros de deten&#231;&#227;o para estrangeiros nos Estados membros e nas suas fronteiras e &#224;s frequentes viola&#231;&#245;es de direitos humanos verificada nesses locais, e que t&#234;m sido crescentemente denunciadas nos &#250;ltimos anos. Este Relat&#243;rio do PE defende ainda que seja garantido o acesso das ONG's especializadas na protec&#231;&#227;o dos direitos fundamentais dos migrantes e dos requisitantes de asilo e que sejam criados mecanismos de supervis&#227;o e fiscaliza&#231;&#227;o desses centros.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt; Os centros para estrangeiros s&#227;o o epicentro de m&#250;ltiplos atentados aos direitos fundamentais. N&#227;o deixemos que caia sobre eles um manto de sil&#234;ncio. As associa&#231;&#245;es, a sociedade civil e os representantes dos &#243;rg&#227;os de soberania t&#234;m o direito de saber o que neles se passa, contribuindo assim para a promo&#231;&#227;o da observ&#226;ncia dos Direitos Humanos.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Contacto para imprensa:&lt;/strong&gt; Tim&#243;teo Macedo - 914948558&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Todas as informa&#231;&#245;es sobre a campanha est&#227;o dispon&#237;veis no site da Migreurop: &lt;a href=&#034;http://www.migreurop.org/rubrique268.html&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;http://www.migreurop.org/rubrique268.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		
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